大骨节病患者血清微小病毒B19DNA的检测研究

大骨节病是一种原因不明慢性、变形性、地方性骨关节病。本研究用多聚酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）对大骨节病患者血清进行检测，结果５５例大骨节病患者血清中１６例检出微小病毒Ｂ１９ＤＮＡ，检出率（２９．０９％）明显高于相邻非病区对照组和绝对非病区对照组（分别为１１．５４％，１１．４２％）。提示微小病毒Ｂ１９感染与大骨节病有重要关系。     

HBV拉米夫定耐药株多聚酶墓因变异的研究

我们采用ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ（限制性片段长度多态性分析）检测ＨＢＶ多聚酶基因ＹＭＤＤ变异,并将其与核苷酸序列测定结果进行比较,现报道如下。 一、材料与方法 １．病例来源：４３份标本采自从１９９７—２０００年在本院接受拉米夫定长期治疗的慢性乙型病毒性肝炎患者,其中５例开始剂量为 １５０ ｍｇ／ｄ（共６个月）,后改为 １００ ｍｇ／ｄ,总疗程 １．５年。余 ３８例剂量为 １００ ｍｇ／ｄ,疗程 １年。其中男性３７例（８６％）,女性６例（１９％）,年龄１９—５６岁,排除重叠感染ＨＩＶ、ＨＡＶ、ＨＣＶ、ＨＤＶ、妊娠、…     

乙型肝炎病毒C基因逆转录病毒载体的构建及在永生化人外周？…

目的体外研究乙型肝炎病毒Ｃ（ＨＢＶ／Ｃ）基因变异的生物学意义。方法 应用逆转 录病毒勒体ＰＸＴ１构建ＨＢＶ／Ｃ基因表达载体，并转染永生化人外周血Ｂ细胞使之稳定ＨＢｃＡｇ。结果 重组质粒ＰＸＴ１－ＨＢＶ／Ｃ经聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）和ＢｇｌⅡ及ＸｈｏⅠ双酶切鉴定均阳性，转染后的永生化人外周血Ｂ细胞ＰＣＲ鉴定含目的ＤＮＡ，流式细胞仪分析显示，约４７．４％的细胞膜上表达了ＨＢｃＡｇ。结论ＨＢＶ／Ｃ基因逆转     

乙型肝炎病毒C基因逆转录病毒载体的构建及在永生化人外周血B细胞中的表达

目的　体外研究乙型肝炎病毒Ｃ（ＨＢＶ／Ｃ） 基因变异的生物学意义。方法　应用逆转录病毒载体ｐＸＴ１ 构建ＨＢＶ／Ｃ 基因表达载体,并转染永生化人外周血Ｂ 细胞使之稳定表达ＨＢｃＡｇ。结果　重组质粒ｐＸＴ１ＨＢＶ／Ｃ 经聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ） 和ＢｇｌⅡ及ＸｈｏⅠ双酶切鉴定均阳性,转染后的永生化人外周血Ｂ 细胞ＰＣＲ 鉴定含目的ＤＮＡ,流式细胞仪分析显示,约４７ ．４ ％ 的细胞膜上表达了ＨＢｃＡｇ。结论　ＨＢＶ／Ｃ基因逆转录病毒表达载体有较高的转染效率,目的基因能在宿主细胞中稳定表达,有利于系列研究ＨＢＶ／Ｃ基因变异的生物学意义。     

血清HBV-DNA定量PCR检测对干扰素治疗的指导意义

目的 探讨有限稀释定量ＰＣＲ检测血清ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ对干扰素抗病毒治疗的指导意义。方法 利用有限稀释定量ＰＣＲ技术分别检测３８例ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ双阳性患者α－２ｂ干扰素治疗前后血清ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ含量。结果 ３８例患者干扰素治疗１２周ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阴转７例（１８．４％）;治疗２４周阴转１１例（２８．９％）。其中病毒滴度〉２５０ｐｇ／ｍＬ者阴转１１．１％（１／９）;病毒滴度２５ｆｇ￣２５０ｐｇ／ｍ     

人微小病毒B19与血管,心脏系统疾病

人类微小病毒Ｂ１９（ｈｕｍａｎ ｐａｒｖｏｖｉｒｕｓＢ１９，下称Ｂ１９）是微小病毒属中唯一致人类疾病的一种病原体，它能引起相关的血管性紫癜、多发性结节性动脉炎、川崎病、心肌炎及可能的先天性心脏异常等多种血管、心脏受累性疾病。本文就Ｂ１９的生物学特征、心血管疾病表现与发病机理、实验室诊断及治疗等诸方面的研究进展加以综述。     

人微小病毒B19感染与小儿ITP的关系

采用PCR检测41例特发性血小板减少性紫瘢（ITP）患儿和22例健康儿童的血清人微小病毒B19（HPVB19）DNA，并用酶联免疫法（ELISA）检测血小板相关抗体。结果ITP组患儿血清中HPVB19DNA阳性率39．0％（16／41）显著高于对照组；ITP组中急性型HPVB19DNA阳性率50．0％（14／28）显著高于慢性型15．4％（2／13）；病毒感染阳性患儿的血小板相关抗体PAIgG、PAIgA明显高于病毒感染阴性患儿。ITP患儿血清中HPVB19DNA阳性率高，病毒感染可导致血小板相关抗体升高而致血小板减少。     

血管紧张素Ⅱ—Ⅰ型受体基因A1166／C多态性与原发性高血压及血脂水平关系

目的：探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ－Ⅰ型受体（ＡＴ１Ｒ）基因Ａ１１６６／Ｃ多态性与国人原发性高血压的关系，并探讨原发性高血压的发病机制。方法；应用限制性内切酶酶解聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ）的方法检测７０例健康人和１１２例高血压患者的ＡＴ１Ｒ基因型，生化技术测定血脂水平。结果：原发必因压组的ＡＣ基因型频率２５．７％，Ｃ等位基因频率１２．９％，分别显著高于下沉对照组的７１％和３．６％（Ｐ〈０．０５），原发     

血管紧张素Ⅱ-1型受体基因A1166/C多态性与原发性高血压及血脂水平关系

目的：探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ－１型受体（ＡＴ_１Ｒ）基因 Ａ１１６６／Ｃ多态性与国人原发性高血压的关系,并探讨原发性高血压的发病机制。方法：应用限制性内切酶酶解聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ）的方法检测７０例健康人和１１２例高血压患者的ＡＴ_１Ｒ基因型,生化技术测定血脂水平。结果：原发性高血压组的ＡＣ基因型频率２５．７％,Ｃ等位基因频率１２．９％,分别显著高于正常对照组的７．１％和３．６％（Ｐ＜０． ０５）;原发性高血压组的 ＡＴ_１Ｒ基因与血浆 ＬＰ（ａ）水平正相关。结论：提示ＡＴ_１Ｒ基因Ａ１１６６／Ｃ多态性可能是原发性高血压的遗传因素,ＡＴ_１Ｒ基因可能参与脂质的调节。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者血清及肝组织中乙型肝炎病毒核心基因的研究

３６例肝穿刺诊断为慢性乙型肝炎患者的肝组织及血清，用ＨＢＶ全基因核酸杂交法及聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）法扩增了病毒的ＰｒｅＣ／Ｃ区基因片段。发现ＰＣＲ法扩增后再经Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ吸印转移及核酸杂交（ＰＣＲ－ＳＢＨ）可显著提高检出ＨＢＶ基因的敏感性。对５例无任何血清ＨＢＶ标记者证实在其肝内存在ＨＢＶ基因。用ＡｖａⅡ，ｓａｕ３ＡＩ，ＸｍｎＩ，ＢｓｔＮＩ及ＴａｑＩ酶切图谱分析上述病例的ｃ基因，与ｐＡＤＲ－１Ｃ基因比较，有４例（５份标本）有Ｓａｕ３ＡＩ的异常酶切位点，提示ＨＢＶ不仅ＰｒｅＣ区存在变异株，Ｃ基因中亦可有变异。     

IN AND OUT

No abstract available for this article.     

CHANGES IN CORTICAL AND TRABECULAR BONE IN ALGODYSTROPHY

We studied the pattern of bone loss in the hand of 77 patientswith Colles' fracture using metacarpal morphometry, single photonabsorptiometry and a radiographic scoring system. Forty-fourpatients had post-traumatic algodystrophy and the remainderserved as controls. Both groups were immobilized in the samemanner and for the same period of time and both showed lossof bone during immobilization. The loss of bone 7 weeks afterfracture was significantly greater in algodystrophy than incontrols both at cortical (P<0.05) and at trabecular sites(P<0.05). Recovery of bone occurred in the control patientsby 19 weeks after fracture at cortical sites and by 31 weeksin trabecular bone. In contrast, the bone loss seen in patientswith algodystrophy persisted for the 6-month duration of thefollow-up, and up to 1 year in all nine patients studied forlonger. These findings indicate that post-traumatic algodystrophyis associated with regional skeletal losses greater than thosefollowing uncomplicated fracture and may result in irreversiblechanges in the structure and thus the strength of the bony architecture. KEY WORDS: Colles' fracture, Bone density, Photon absorptiometry, Metacarpal morphometry, Immobilization, Reflex sympathetic dystrophy     

CORTICOTROPIN-LIKE PEPTIDES IN CENTRAL NERVES AND IN ENDOCRINE CELLS OF GUT AND PANCREAS

Extrapituitary corticotropin-like peptides have been found in central nerves and in gastrointestinal and pancreatic endocrine cells. Previous biological and immunological data strongly indicate that the immunoreactivity present in the central nerves represents corticotropin (A.C.T.H.) or a closely related peptide. In some areas of the brain, the distribution of A.C.T.H. nerves parallels that of nerves containing the endogenous opioid ligand, enkephalin. Since A.C.T.H. fragments bind to the opioid receptor the two neuronal peptides may interact. The antiserum used demonstrates the COOH-terminus of the A.C.T.H. molecule, which is devoid of adrenocortical stimulatory activity. A COOH-terminal A.C.T.H.-peptide, corticotropin-like intermediate peptide (C.L.I.P.), originally isolated from the pars intermedia, has been shown to stimulate release of pancreatic insulin. The presence of C.L.I.P.-like molecules in gut and pancreatic endocrine cells may indicate that C.L.I.P.'S insulin-releasing activity is physiologically important. Further, the occurrence of A.C.T.H.-related molecules in such cells may account for the ectopic A.C.T.H. syndrome associated with some tumours of gut and pancreas.     

SKIN COLLAGEN AND THICKNESS IN HYPERTHYROIDISM AND MYXOEDEMA

Skin thickness, collagen content and density have been measured in patients with thyrotoxicosis and myxoedema. In hyperthyroidism the skin was of normal thickness but the absolute collagen content and density of collagen were both increased as was the percentage collagen content. In myxoedema both absolute percentage collagen content and density remained normal but the skin thickness was significantly increased and this correlated well with the severity of hypothyroidism and response to treatment.     

青海省人与动物多房棘球绦虫的感染

本文报告 195 9～ 1998年青海高原人与动物多房棘球绦虫感染情况的研究结果。共手术治疗泡型包虫病人111例 ;男性 73例 ,女性 38例 ;其中肝泡球蚴病 10 0例 ,肺泡球蚴病 2例 ,脑泡球蚴病 7例 ,脾泡球蚴病 2例。年龄17～ 74岁 ,成年人最为常见。牧民和农民最多见 ,其他职业少见。普查 370 2人 ,B超诊断为肝泡球蚴病者 2 3人( 0 .6 2 % ) ,EM1 8血清学阳性者 30人 ( 0 .81% ) ,两种方法均符合者 13人 ( 0 .35 % )。调查中间宿主 7种 ,在家养动物牦牛肝脏和肺脏及藏绵羊肝脏发现泡球蚴感染 ,感染率分别为 4.0 9% ( 18/ 384)和 5 .36 % ( 31/ 5 78) ;野生动物黑唇鼠兔的肝脏和肺脏及灰尾兔的肺脏发现泡球蚴的感染 ,其感染率分别为 3.45 % ( 11/ 319)和 12 .5 0 % ( 1/ 8)。调查终宿主 5种 ,在藏犬和藏狐肠内均证实多房棘球绦虫感染 ,其感染率分别为 5 .0 8% ( 3/ 5 9)和 33.33% ( 4/ 12 )。提示青海高原存在多房棘球绦虫的藏犬、藏狐 /黑唇鼠兔、灰尾兔和藏犬、藏狐 /牦牛、藏绵羊两种类型的多房棘球绦虫生活史循环链     

INTERACTION OF CLONIDINE AND GHRH ON GH SECRETION IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

To investigate the mechanism by which clonidine stimulates GH-secretion in vivo and in vitro, we studied its interaction with GHRH. In vivo: eight or six normal male subjects were submitted to five protocols: (1) 150 micrograms clonidine orally followed by 50 micrograms GHRH 1-44 i.v. 2 h later, (2) 50 micrograms GHRH 1-44 i.v. followed by 150 micrograms clonidine orally 2 h later, (3) 150 micrograms clonidine orally followed by GHRH i.v. 30 min later, (4) 300 micrograms clonidine orally followed by 50 micrograms GHRH i.v. 3 h later and (5) 50 micrograms GHRH i.v. followed by 300 micrograms clonidine orally 90 min later. In vitro: Rat anterior pituitary cells were coincubated with clonidine (10(-11), 10(-9), 10(-7) and 10(-5) M) and GHRH (0.005, 0.05, 10 nM) for 4 h. Results: 150 micrograms clonidine alone does not stimulate GH-secretion. Furthermore, the GH-increase was not significantly different when GHRH bolus was given before, after or together with clonidine. When 300 micrograms clonidine was given before GHRH GH-levels were significantly higher (max 28.6 +/- 8.0 mU/l) at 90 min, compared to when clonidine was given after GHRH (max 7.8 +/- 3.6 mU/l). The GHRH bolus after clonidine led to a significantly lower GH-increase (max 31.6 +/- 17.0 mU/l) compared to the GHRH-induced GH-increase (max 47.2 +/- 13.0 mU/l) before clonidine. In vitro, clonidine had no stimulatory effect on GHRH-stimulated GH secretion. These findings are compatible with clonidine leading to stimulation of GH by inducing endogenous GHRH release.