Extracranial meningioma of the scalp: case report

A 70-year-old man was admitted with a swelling on the left parietal region, which had grown progressively but slowly for three years. During the last six months the swelling increased in size relatively faster. The lesion was excised totally and sent for pathological examination. The histologic diagnosis was classical meningothelial meningioma. The specimen included some fragments of the skull, however, there was no evidence of an intracranial origin of the tumor. Eighteen months after surgery there was no evidence of recurrence or neurological deficit. Even though primary extracranial meningioma is a rare neoplasm, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumors above all in the head and neck region.     

老年患者二重真菌感染与抗菌药物应用分析

目的 :探讨老年患者二重真菌感染与抗菌药物应用的关系。方法 :对我院106例老年住院患者应用抗菌药物后的二重真菌感染情况进行回顾性分析。结果 :≥60a老年患者大多患有严重的基础疾病 ,免疫力弱 ,平均住院时间长 ,抗菌药物诱发的二重真菌感染是引起院内真菌感染的主要原因之一 ,占我院同期发生老年患者真菌感染的84 6 %。感染部位以肺部为主 ,其次为尿道。结论 :长期应用广谱抗菌药物是导致老年患者院内二重真菌感染增多的主要因素     

老年患者二重真菌感染与抗菌药物应用分析

目的 :探讨老年患者二重真菌感染与抗菌药物应用的关系。方法 :对我院106例老年住院患者应用抗菌药物后的二重真菌感染情况进行回顾性分析。结果 :≥60a老年患者大多患有严重的基础疾病 ,免疫力弱 ,平均住院时间长 ,抗菌药物诱发的二重真菌感染是引起院内真菌感染的主要原因之一 ,占我院同期发生老年患者真菌感染的84 6 %。感染部位以肺部为主 ,其次为尿道。结论 :长期应用广谱抗菌药物是导致老年患者院内二重真菌感染增多的主要因素     

氟康唑治疗恶性肿瘤患者真菌感染41例

目的:观察氟康唑治疗恶性肿瘤患者真菌感染的疗效.方法:氟康唑注射剂200 mg•d 1,iv,首剂加倍;氟康唑胶囊,100 mg•d 1,qd,po,首剂加倍,疗程2～4周.结果:有效率90.2%(37/41),不良反应轻微.结论:氟康唑为有效的抗真菌药物,副作用小.     

47例真菌性角膜溃疡临床分析

目的:回顾性分析真菌性角膜溃疡的药物治疗临床经过,以探讨最佳治疗效果.方法:本组47例47眼全部行角膜刮片查见真菌菌丝、孢子确诊.对轻、中症病例行角膜病灶清创,结膜下注射0.2%氟康唑0.5 mL,频点0.2%氟康唑眼液和0.25%二性霉素B眼液抗真菌,全程散瞳治疗.重症患者配合每日静滴0.2%氟康唑注射液治疗.结果:47例经药物治疗,治愈38例,无效9例.结论:早期诊断、及时合理治疗是治愈真菌性角膜溃疡的关键.     

儿童全头皮撕脱再植术中持续负压封闭引流的应用

目的 探讨儿童严重头皮撕脱伤头皮回植术中持续负压封闭引流术的应用效果.方法 对2015年10月至2016年3月收治的2例头皮严重大面积撕脱伤颅骨外露面积大(11cm× 13cm、7cm× 10cm)、血管缺损长(3 ～ 4cm)的儿童,尝试采取血管吻合头皮回植+持续负压封闭引流术,对术后效果进行观察.结果 1例患儿出现回植头皮95％以上坏死,但并未及时清除坏死头皮,而是继续充分持续负压封闭引流,经过29 d,再未进行颅骨钻孔或磨骨的情况下肉芽组织完全覆盖裸露颅骨,顺利进行皮片移植,恢复良好.另1例患儿回植头皮85％成活,恢复良好.结论 对于大面积头皮撕脱伤合并颅骨外露患儿,在持续封闭负压引流的前提下可适当放宽血管吻合头皮回植使用范围,提高头皮回植率.即使出现头皮坏死,仍可以避免颅骨钻孔或磨骨,不延迟皮片移植时间.     

Topical treatments for scalp psoriasis

Psoriasis is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects the scalp more commonly than any other site. Scalp psoriasis causes significant psychosocial disability as it is highly visible and can, on occasion, extend onto the face. Furthermore, current treatment regimens are messy, time consuming and, in some instances, ineffective, leading to a high level of non-compliance. The majority of current evidence for topical treatments for this condition comes from open-label, uncontrolled studies. From such studies, there are data to support the use of topical corticosteroids in a number of different formulations and topical vitamin D analogues. However, these studies have not addressed issues such as the need for keratolytics, which may be required to remove adherent scale before a topical corticosteroid or vitamin D analogue may prove efficacious. There is an urgent need for well designed, controlled trials to assess the efficacy of existing and new treatment regimens for scalp psoriasis. The aim of this review is to critically assess the relative effectiveness and tolerability of available topical therapies for this problematic condition and provide recommendations for selection of treatment.     

Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp: etiology and treatment

Seborrheic dermatitis is a common chronic infection of the lipid-rich areas of skin. While seborrheic dermatitis has been a recognized clinical entity for decades, its etiology is far from clear. Early investigators of the development of seborrheic dermatitis focused on the role of the Malassezia (previously Pityrosporum) yeasts. These yeasts are also normal skin commensals, thus their importance as pathogens in this disorder came to be doubted. However, it was subsequently found that treatment of seborrheic dermatitis with an antifungal agent not only resulted in clinical improvement but also reduced the number of Malassezia yeasts on the skin. This has resulted in a resurgence of interest in the Malassezia yeasts. It has been hypothesized that there is an immunological component to seborrheic dermatitis, possibly representing an abnormal host response to the Malassezia yeasts. This paper will discuss the role of Malassezia in the etiology of seborrheic dermatitis, as well as the various treatment options.     

卡泊三醇搽剂联合糠酸莫米松乳膏序惯疗法治疗头皮银屑病临床疗效观察

目的观察卡泊三醇搽剂联合糠酸莫米松乳膏序惯疗法治疗头皮银屑病的疗效及安全性。方法 62例头皮银屑病患者,采用随机对照的方法分为治疗组和对照组,每组31例。治疗组采用卡泊三醇搽剂联合糠酸莫米松乳膏序贯疗法治疗,对照组采用卡泊三醇搽剂治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、皮损面积评分,并分析其不良反应发生情况。结果治疗2周后,治疗组有效率为45.16%,对照组有效率为32.26%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.09, P>0.05)。治疗4周后,治疗组有效率为67.74%,高于对照组的41.94%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.17, P<0.05)。治疗6周后,治疗组有效率87.10%显著高于对照组的64.52%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.31, P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前及治疗2周后皮损面积评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗4、6周后,治疗组患者的皮损面积评分均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者在治疗过程中均未见严重不良反应,治疗组中2例(6.45%)患者出现局部皮肤轻微烧灼感和疼痛,对照组中2例患者(6.45%)自觉局部轻微灼热不适和疼痛,均未影响治疗,未予处理。结论卡泊三醇搽剂联合糠酸莫米松乳膏序惯疗法治疗头皮银屑病疗效好,安全性高。