酸反流与胆汁反流在胃食管反流病中的作用

目的探讨酸反流与胆汁反流在胃食管反流病(GERD)中的作用及相互关系.方法46例GERD患者(反流性食管炎组30例,胃镜阴性组16例)及26例健康对照者在完成食管测压后,应用便携式食管pH监测仪及Bilitec2000胆汁反流监测仪,同时进行24h食管内酸及胆汁反流的动态连续监测.结果GERD患者酸反流及胆汁反流各指标均明显高于健康对照者,且与食管炎严重程度一致.pH＜4总时间百分比与胆红素光吸收值(Abs)＞0.14,总时间百分比存在线性相关关系(r=0.34,P＜0.01).酸反流和胆汁反流共存的双重反流在GERD患者中最为常见,且较单纯反流更易引起严重食管炎.结论GERD患者中较为常见的双重反流对食管粘膜的损伤作用强于单纯酸或胆汁的不完全反流,酸反流与胆汁反流间可能有正性协同作用;联合应用胃镜检查及食管内酸和胆汁反流监测将为GERD的诊治提供可靠的客观依据.     

Barrett食管的酸反流类型

目的：了解Barrett食管的发生与胃食管酸反流类型之间的关系。方法：对23例Barrett食管及37例反流性食管炎（Ⅱ级16例，Ⅱ、Ⅲ级21例）病人行24小时食管内pH监测。分别将直立位和卧位pH＜4的百分时间；反流次数；反流持续5分钟以上的反流次数；最长反流持续时间之间进行比较。结果：两组直立位时Ⅰ级食管炎组与Barrett食管比较，差异有显著性（P＜0．01，P＜0．01，P＜0．05，P＜0．01），Ⅱ、Ⅲ级食管炎组与Barrett食管比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。卧位时，无论是Ⅰ级食管炎还是Ⅱ、Ⅲ级食管炎组各指标与Barrett食管比较，差异均有显著性（P＜0．05，P＜0．001）．结论：卧位酸反流在Barrett食管的发病中可能起重要作用。     

反流性食管炎的临床研究

目的　探讨酸及胆汁反流在胃食管反流病 (GERD)中的发生情况及二者在GERD发病中的作用。方法　对 5 2例有反流症状的患者行内镜检查及 2 4hpH值和胆汁反流检测。结果　 5 2例受检者中 ,42例测得明显反流 ,其中混合反流占 5 9 5 % (2 5 /4 2 ) ,单纯反流仅占 40 5 % (17/4 2 )。在单纯反流中 ,以单纯酸反流为主 ,占 76 4% (13 /17) ;在混合反流中 ,以酸反流为主 ,反流程度较重 ,胆汁反流程度较轻 ;反流性食管炎在混合反流中的比例显著大于单纯酸反流 (P <0 0 5 ) ,且混合反流中的食管炎显著重于单纯反流 (P <0 0 5 ) ;反流症状发生的频率及严重程度与酸反流指数呈线性相关。结论　GERD中以混合反流为主 ;在混合反流及单纯反流中均以酸反流为主。酸反流和胆汁反流存在正性协同作用。酸反流是引起反流症状的主要原因     

幽门螺杆菌感染与反流性食管炎相关关系分析

[目的]探讨幽门螺杆菌感染与反流性食管炎的相关关系。[方法]将经电子胃镜检查确诊为反流性食管炎患者90例(反流性食管炎组)及慢性胃炎患者100例(慢性胃炎组),同时经13 C尿素呼气试验法进行幽门螺杆菌检测,对比2组幽门螺杆菌感染情况。将反流性食管炎组患者根据内镜分级标准分为4级,比较各级间的幽门螺杆菌感染情况;根据临床症状程度分为轻、中、重度,比较各程度间的幽门螺杆菌感染情况。[结果]反流性食管炎组幽门螺杆菌感染率(36.7%)明显低于慢性胃炎组(65.0%),差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。反流性食管炎组不同内镜分级及不同临床症状程度者间的幽门螺杆菌感染率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]幽门螺杆菌感染可能在反流性食管炎的发生过程中起保护作用,幽门螺杆菌与反流性食管炎及患者症状程度无相关性。     

老年人反流性食管炎393例分析

目的为了解老年人反流性食管炎的特点，对反流性食管炎患者的内镜表现与特点进行分析。方法将本院１０年来６８１例反流性食管炎患者分为老年组和非老年组，对两组的患病率、病变程度、病理结果、并存疾病进行了比较。结果老年组患病率２３８％，非老年组０８３％（Ｐ＜０００１）；老年组病变程度较非老年组严重（Ｐ＜００５）；病理活检，非老年组中仅发现２例轻度不典型增生，而老年组中共发现９例不同程度的不典型增生及１例癌变；老年患者并存疾病以食管裂孔疝多见。结论反流性食管炎是老年人的常见病，内镜检查对该病的诊治具有重要价值。     

反流性食管炎食管外表现与酸反流关系的研究

目的探讨反流性食管炎食管外表现与酸反流的关系。方法研究对象为2006年1月至2007年2月在卫生部北京医院消化科、呼吸科及耳鼻喉科门诊和住院的患者,均经胃镜检查证实为反流性食管炎(RE),具有烧心、反酸等胃食管反流和(或)RE的食管外症状(咳嗽、咽喉痛、咽部异物感、声音嘶哑等)。依据患者的主要症状分为食管外表现组及对照组(不具有食管外表现)。食管外表现组32例,对照组35例。所有患者在治疗前均进行24 h食管pH监测,并于治疗前、后对症状积分评定。所有患者均给予质子泵抑制剂(PPI)治疗。结果食管外表现组与对照组PPI治疗的有效率分别为86.4%与91.7%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论反流性食管炎的食管外症状与酸反流显著相关。     

反流性食管炎与结直肠息肉的相关性研究

目的 探讨反流性食管炎与结直肠息肉的相关性及特点。方法 选择2021年7月至2023年5月于新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院消化内科住院行胃镜及结肠镜检查的患者,将结肠镜下诊断为结直肠息肉的患者纳入病例组(180例);将结肠镜下诊断为正常肠黏膜的患者纳入对照组(271例)。通过单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析结直肠息肉的影响因素,并分析反流性食管炎合并结直肠息肉的特点,采用Spearman等级相关分析反流性食管炎的严重程度与息肉的个数、大小的相关性。结果反流性食管炎增加了结直肠息肉的发生风险(OR=1.892,95%CI 1.275～2.807),合并反流性食管炎的患者较无食管炎的患者息肉多发生在结肠,易患有多发性息肉,且病理类型多为腺瘤,但反流性食管炎的严重程度与息肉的个数、大小无明显相关性。结论 反流性食管炎增加了结直肠息肉的发生风险,未来可能为结直肠肿瘤的病理生理、诊疗提供重要线索及方法。     

滑动型食管裂孔疝伴反流性食管炎患者的食管动力学研究

目的：探讨滑动型食管裂孔疝（HH）伴反流性食管炎患者的食管动力学改变。方法：30例经胃镜检查确诊的HH患者,根据食管炎程度分为HH1（食管炎A－B组,n=18)和HH2组（食管炎C－D级,n=12),行食管钡餐检查证实为滑动型HH。在X线透视下观察食管粘膜增粗、狭窄、痉挛等形态学改变及反流与廓清方式,同时监测24h食管pH、食管下括约肌（LES）压力以及反流期间食管蠕动的频率、幅度等情况。结果：30例HH患者X线透视下均有食管粘膜增粗,反流以抽吸型为主（80．0％）,廓清以被动廓清为主（36．7％）。24h食管pH监测中,HH组患者的总反流时间、卧位和立位反流时间百分比均显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）,但HH1和HH2组间无显著差异;HH组患者的LES静息压力显著低于对照组（P＜0．05）,LES长度组间无明显差异。HH组患者反流期间的食管体部蠕动频率和幅度均较对照组低,新时期明显延长,HH2组患者的顺行性蠕动百分比亦较对照组明显降低（P＜0．05）。结论：HH患者以抽吸型反流和被动廓清为主。食管酸暴露程度与食管炎严重并无关。LES静息压降低、反流期间食管蠕动频率、幅度降低和间期延长可能在滑动型HH的发病中起重要作用。     

反流性食管炎与幽门螺杆菌感染的关系

目的:研究反流性食管炎(reflux esophagitis,RE)患者幽门螺杆菌(H pylori)感染率,感染程度与定植部位及胃炎的活动度,并对比H pylori阳性与阴性的RE患者食管炎症的严重程度.方法:选取从2007-01/03在我科行胃镜检查证实的RE患者89例,按年龄,性别进行配对的方式随机抽取无反流对照组89例,对比两组H pylori感染率,感染部位,感染程度的差异,并比较RE组中H ylori阳性与阴性患者食管炎症的严重程度.结果:RE组与对照组H pylori感染率无统计学差异(P=0.137),但RE组H pylori感染程度较对照组轻(P胃体=0.024,P胃窦=0.000),且RE组胃体炎症严重程度较对照组轻(P=0.001);H pylori阳性与阴性的RE患者发生洛杉矶(LA)C级分别占8.3%和1 8.5%,D级分别占4.2%和12.3%,但食管炎症的轻重程度无显著性差异(P=0.353).结论:H pylori的感染程度及胃体胃炎的活动性与RE的形成有负相关性.     

兰索拉唑治疗胃食管反流病的疗效观察

140例患者病程2周以上,经胃镜检查部分有反流性食管炎存在。按照Savery-Miller分级法,将反流性食管炎分为Ⅰ～Ⅳ级。140例随机分为治疗组(80例,食管炎22例)和对照组(60例,食管炎20例),     

Duodenogastral reflux burden gastroesophageal reflux disease

The article presents research data of duodenogastral reflux (DGR) role in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. It is shown that in the presence DGR, the reflux esophagitis is detected at a higher frequency and outside of esophageal manifestations of the disease. The comorbidities of hepatobiliary zone and pancreas contributes to the DGR development, as well as the syndrome of bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine.     

反流性咽喉炎的研究进展

随着对胃食管反流病认识的深入,其对咽喉部的影响越来越受到临床的关注,研究证明它是导致咽喉部疾病的重要致病因素之一。胃食管反流对消化系统影响的研究很多,但其与咽喉反流性疾病的相关研究甚少,很多基层医生对该病还不甚了解。本文主要对反流性咽喉炎的发病机制、临床表现、诊断方法和治疗作一综述。     

Laryngopharyngeal reflux in patients with reflux esophagitis

AIM： To assess the prevalence of laryngopharyngeal reflux （LPR） in patients with reflux esophagitis and disclose factors contributing to the development of LPR.
METHODS： A total of 167 patients who proved to have reflux esophagitis by endoscopy were enrolled. They received laryngoscopy to grade the reflux findings for the diagnosis of LPR. We used validated questionnaires to identify the presence of laryngopharyngeal symptoms, and stringent criteria of inclusion to increase the specificity of laryngoscopic findings. The data of patients were analyzed statistically to find out factors related to LPR.
RESULTS： The prevalence rate of LPR in studied subjects with reflux esophagitis was 23.9%. Age, hoarseness and hiatus hernia were factors significantly associated with LPR. In 23 patients with a hiatus hernia, the group with LPR was found to have a lower trend of esophagitis grading.
CONCLUSION： Laryngopharyngeal reflux is present in patients with reflux esophagitis, and three predicting factors were identified. However, the development of LPR might be different from that of reflux esophagitis. The importance of hiatus hernia deserves further study.     

胃食管反流病的非酸反流和治疗

胃食管反流病(GERD)的发生与酸反流和非酸反流有关。此文从非酸反流的定义、成分、非酸反流损伤机制、非酸反流与正常人、非酸反流与GERD症状、非酸反流与食管外症状、非酸反流治疗和治疗后非酸反流的频率变化方面进行阐述。     

Gastroesophageal reflux disease--from reflux episodes to mucosal inflammation

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects 20-30% of the population in Western countries, and is one of the most common clinical problems in daily practice. GERD-associated functional and structural abnormalities are caused by recurrent exposure of the esophagus to acidic and nonacidic refluxate of gastric contents (containing duodenal and intestinal proteases as well as acid and gastric pepsin) from the stomach. Major progress has been made in the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of GERD-associated mucosal inflammation, suggesting a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis and immune-mediated effects. This Review summarizes the complexity of mucosal pathogenesis, including microscopic changes, mucosal inflammation and GERD-specific molecular mediators, in the context of the clinical features and pathophysiological characteristics of GERD. The abnormal exposure of the esophagus to luminal contents leads to chronic mucosal inflammation that is characterized by the release of IL-8 specifically, as well as other proinflammatory mediators, from the esophageal mucosa. Evidence from animal studies indicates a stepwise inflammatory response by the epithelium, which attracts immune effector cells to infiltrate the mucosa. From bench to bedside, these novel molecular findings might provide new treatment options beyond current acid-suppressive therapy and the principle of inhibition of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation.     

Upright versus supine reflux in gastroesophageal reflux disease

BACKGROUND: Postural measures are early recommendations in the management of heartburn, and are aimed at preventing acid reflux through an incompetent lower esophageal sphincter (LES). However, LES incompetence is found in only a minority of patients, and transient LES relaxations, primarily in the upright position, are currently recognized as the main pathophysiological abnormality in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We investigated the importance of supine acid reflux in patients with GERD. METHODS: Upon review of their clinical, manometric, pH monitoring and endoscopic characteristics, 85 patients with reflux symptoms were classified into three groups: Group A (n=22), consisting of symptomatic patients without esophagitis or pathological reflux; group B (n=38), symptomatic patients with reflux but no endoscopic esophagitis; and group C (n=25), symptomatic patients with both ulcerative or complicated esophagitis and pathological reflux. RESULTS: All groups were similar in age distribution. Groups B and C had a higher prevalence of hiatal hernia and reflux symptoms. Manometry revealed similar LES pressures in groups A and B, but lower LES pressure in group C (P < 0.005). In groups A and B, supine reflux, in terms of percentage of time with pH < 4, was less pronounced than upright reflux (P < 0.0001). In contrast, group C supine reflux was as pronounced as the upright reflux. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients reflux in the upright position. Only patients with complicated esophagitis have significant bipositional acid reflux. These findings suggest that unless the patient has severe reflux disease, postural measures may not be indicated.