长沙市开福区婴幼儿龋的相关因素分析

目的:了解婴幼儿龋病发病的相关因素.方法:按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查的要求,对长沙市开福区5所幼儿园的459名2～4岁学龄前儿童进行龋病检查.由儿童父亲或母亲解答问卷.并对结果进行logistic回归分析.结果:婴幼儿期喂养方式与婴幼儿龋病无明显关系(P＞0.05);含奶嘴睡觉习惯、新生儿早产与婴幼儿龋病的发生有显著关系(P＜0.05).结论:含奶嘴睡觉习惯、新生儿早产是婴幼儿龋病发病的危险因素.为了预防婴幼儿龋病应提高父母素质、宣传正确的饮食方式及注意婴幼儿口腔卫生.     

儿童龋病发病现状及相关危险因素的Logistic回归分析

目的分析儿童龋病发病现状及相关危险因素Logistic回归分析。方法选择来我院体检以及就诊儿童为研究对象,采用问卷调查方式搜集儿童资料,分析儿童龋病发病现状和相关危险因素。结果共检查322例儿童,其中患龋病132例,总体患龋率为41.0%,上颌患龋率(29.5%)显著低于下颌患龋率(70.5%),P<0.05。龋病组患儿年龄、性别无统计学差异(P>0.05),嗜好甜食、睡前刷牙习惯以及刷牙频率等因素差异明显(P<0.05),Logistic回归分析显示嗜好甜食、口腔保健知识缺乏、刷牙时间过短是引起儿童龋病危险因素(P<0.05)。结论儿童患病水平较高,口腔卫生行为较差,建议定期组织小儿进行口腔检查,普及口腔保健教育。     

高发龋和无龋儿童口腔健康行为及相关因素分析

目的探讨儿童乳牙龋高发的危险因素。方法检查广州从化市401名3～4岁儿童的口腔健康状况，对儿童父母进行问卷调查，选择120例高发龋（dmft≥5）患儿及118名无龋儿童进行对照分析。结果Logistic回归分析表明，刷牙频率、甜食频率、可视菌斑指数、釉质发育缺陷和家庭收入对儿童是否高发龋的影响最为显著。结论提倡儿童每天至少刷牙两次，控制甜食摄人次数，减少釉质发育缺陷，将低收入人群作为重点人群，对于预防乳牙龋的高发均具有重要意义。     

580名学龄前儿童龋病相关因素分析报告

目的 :分析学龄前儿童产生龋病的相关因素 ,并提出预防措施。方法 :选择 5 80名 5 -6岁学龄前儿童 ,对其家庭经济状况等可能影响龋病发生的因素进行调查 ,将调查数据进行Sperman相关分析及二值多元Logis tic回归分析。结果 :婴儿期母乳喂养 ,正确刷牙习惯、经常喝牛奶等因素有利于减少龋病的发生 ,而口腔卫生习惯不良、喜食甜零食则不利于牙齿的健康。结论 :减少龋病的发生 ,应培养儿童形成良好的生活习惯。     

粤北山区早期儿童龋患病状况及危险指标调查

目的 描述粤北山区5岁儿童早期儿童龋(early childhood caries,ECC)患病状况,分析影响ECC患病的危险指标,探讨儿童ECC患病状况与留守现象的关系.方法 通过横断面调查方法对粤北山区的河源、韶关和梅州市827名5岁儿童ECC患病状况及可能的危险指标进行调查.结果 827名儿童ECC患病率为88.6％,龋均为7.8±5.7,龋面均为18.0±17.5,龋面充填率为0.28％.协方差分析结果发现,母亲受教育程度初中或以下、有釉质发育缺陷、餐间甜食频率大于2次/d、营养不良、有看牙医行为及河源连平、韶关新丰地区的儿童龋失补牙面值较高.此外,ECC随月龄的递增而加重,其严重程度与留守现象不相关.结论 粤北山区5岁儿童ECC患病状况严重,ECC充填率很低,治疗需要较高;ECC患病的危险指标是母亲受教育程度较低、有牙釉质发育缺陷、较高的餐间甜食频率和营养不良;未发现ECC的患病状况与留守现象相关.     

喀什市3~5岁维吾尔族儿童婴幼儿龋相关因素的主成分分析

目的:应用主成分Logistic回归分析法研究喀什市3~5岁维吾尔族儿童口腔龋病与白色念珠菌检出情况及危险因素的相关性。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方式随机抽取喀什市397名3～5岁维吾尔族健康儿童作为研究对象,对其进行口腔检查及采集牙菌斑,通过分离纯化培养及聚合酶链反应检测白色念珠菌检出情况。同时采用问卷调查家长对儿童的喂养方式、饮食习惯等。对白色念珠菌的检出情况,是否长期使用奶瓶、是否经常吃零食等20个婴幼儿龋病相关危险因素,采用方差极大正交旋转法进行主成分Logistic回归分析。结果:主成分分析结果显示特征值大于1的因子数目有7 个,分别为:细菌因素、喂养/饮食习惯和家族史因子、宿主因素作用因子、口腔卫生习惯作用因子、社会经济背景作用因子、牙周状况作用因子、使用牙线、和性别因子,对总方差的累积贡献率为70.027%。经Logistic回归分析得出牙周状况和性别无统计学意义,其他因子均与婴幼儿龋病密切相关。结论:喀什市儿童龋病的发生是由多种因素共同作用的结果,除宿主自身因素、饮食习惯等因素外,白色念珠菌的检出也与龋病密切相关。运用主成分分析法构建的综合评价模型可以消除原始变量间的信息重叠,精简数据,客观、合理、综合地评价婴幼儿龋病危险因素的相关性,为当地儿童龋病的防治提供理论依据。     

南京市城区12岁学生恒牙龋危险因素的Logistic回归分析

目的分析影响12岁学生恒牙龋病流行的相关因素,为开展龋病预防工作提供依据。方法采用多阶段、随机、整群抽样的方法抽取南京市城区小学12岁学生共750例进行问卷调查及口腔检查,调查内容包括:人口学状况、口腔卫生习惯、饮食习惯等。采用Logistic回归分析对调查结果进行分析。结果 "女性","喝牛奶","碳酸饮料","吃糖果/巧克力等甜食"是恒牙龋发生的危险因素;刷牙可以减少龋病发生。结论应加强学生口腔健康教育工作,养成良好的饮食习惯和口腔卫生习惯。     

学龄前儿童乳牙釉质发育缺陷与龋病的关系研究

本研究采用简化的DDE指数,对1074名城乡学龄前儿童进行乳牙釉质发育缺陷和龋齿的现况调查.结果发现农村儿童DDE患病率(19.4%)明显高于城市儿童(8.7%).受检儿童龋齿的患病水平较高,城乡间差异有显著性.研究结果提示:釉质发育缺陷与龋病间有明显的相关性,釉质发育缺陷可以作为评估儿童人群龋病危险性的一个参数.     

长沙市2～4岁儿童婴幼儿龋相关因素的研究

目的：调查长沙市2～4岁婴幼儿龋的关因素,为预防婴幼儿龋的发生提供依据。方法：调查长沙市2435名2～4岁儿童口腔健康情况,并抽取350名儿童进行问卷调查,对结果进行Logistc回归分析。结果：含奶瓶睡觉、怀孕时间、母乳喂养方式、每日刷牙次数、母亲文化程度及口腔知识等是婴幼儿龋的相关因素。结论：改正含奶瓶入睡习惯,保证孕期母体良好、足月生产、定时适量的母乳喂养、养成良好刷牙习惯、提高母亲文化程度、多吃粗粮可以有效减少ECC的发生。     

学龄前儿童乳牙龋病与相关因素的分析

目的研究学龄前儿童患龋情况与口腔卫生习惯、饮食情况、家庭有关因素的关系。方法1149名学龄前儿童随机分为龋病组和无龋病对照组。应用x^2检验筛选出乳牙龋患儿的相关因素，建立logistic回归模型，进行分析。结果餐后漱口、睡前吃零食、母乳喂养与乳牙龋病有关（P〈0．01），每日刷牙次数和母亲文化程度对乳牙龋病也有关（P〈0．05），而用含氟牙膏刷牙与乳牙龋病无关（P〉0．05）。结论加强对家长及儿童口腔卫生保健知识的指导，宣传科学的饮食方式可有效的预防乳牙龋病。     

Pattern and severity of early childhood caries

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between selected social and behavioural variables and the pattern and severity of early childhood caries (ECC) within a community child population. METHODS: A cross-sectional sample of 2515 children aged 4-5 years were examined in a preschool setting using decayed, missing, filled teeth/surface (dmft/dmfs) indices and a self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information regarding social, demographic, birth, infant feeding, oral and general health attitudes. Children with caries (847) were divided into anterior or posterior caries pattern groups and severe (dmfs score > or =6) or non-severe (dmfs score <6) caries groups. The data were analysed using a chi-square test and modelled using a logistic regression procedure. RESULTS: Significant variables associated with anterior ECC pattern were ethnicity other than Caucasian (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.4-3.1), sipping from the bottle during the day (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.3-2.7), male gender (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.2-2.2) and sleeping with a bottle at night (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1-2.2). Significant variables associated with severe ECC form were sipping from the bottle during the day (OR = 2, 95% CI = 1.4-2.8), maternal age at birth < or =24 years (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.3-2.7), ethnicity other than Caucasian (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1-2.5) and sleeping with a bottle at night (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1-2.2). CONCLUSIONS: Infant bottle-feeding habits (either allowing a child to sip from a bottle during the day or put to sleep at night) and ethnicity other than Caucasian were significant determinants for both anterior caries pattern and severity of ECC in 4-5-year-old Australian children.     

低出生体重儿、早产儿龋齿、釉质发育缺陷发病率及与釉质硬度关系的研究

目的:研究低出生体重儿、早产儿乳牙龋齿、釉质发育缺陷的发病率并探讨其与釉质硬度的关系.方法:选取低出生体重儿、早产儿及正常出生体重儿各200例进行乳牙龋齿、釉质发育缺陷统计调查.同时收集口腔科门诊治疗中的上述两类儿童的自然脱落的釉质发育正常的乳前牙各10颗做显微硬度测试,并与正常出生体重儿乳牙进行比较研究.结果:低出生体重儿、早产儿乳牙龋齿、釉质发育缺陷的发病率明显高于正常出生体重儿,但发育正常的乳牙釉质硬度与正常出生体重儿无显著差异.结论:低出生体重儿、早产儿乳牙龋齿发病率高与其釉质发育缺陷发病率高显著相关,而且仅与釉质发育缺陷的乳牙有关,与釉质发育正常的乳牙无关.     

Determinants of early childhood caries in a group of inner-city children.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) and severe early childhood caries (s-ECC) in inner-city children in Ghent, Belgium, and to investigate the independent impact of its determinants. METHOD AND MATERIALS: In a non-randomized cross-sectional research design, all children between 24 and 34 months of age attending the final consultation at a participating Child and Family Health Clinic were included (n = 385). Data on oral hygiene and caries were collected by oral examination. Caries prevalence and oral hygiene were determined according to established criteria. Data on oral health habits and socioeconomic status were obtained by a validated questionnaire. All analyses were performed with ECC and s-ECC as response variables. RESULTS: The mean DMFS was 0.83 (SEM = 0.14). ECC was diagnosed in 18.5% of the children and s-ECC was found in 12.2%. Treatment need was 100%. From the multiple regression analysis it became clear that ethnicity and neighborhood significantly determined ECC. From all oral health-related behavioral variables, only daily use of a bottle with sweetened drinks other than milk or water, frequency of brushing, and quality of oral hygiene as expressed by Plaque Index scores remained significantly associated with ECC. CONCLUSION: Children whose mothers had an Eastern European nationality at birth and who live in a deprived neighborhood, daily use a bottle with sweetened drinks other than milk or water, brush less than once a day, and have plaque are at higher risk for ECC and s-ECC.     

Impact of low birthweight on early childhood caries in 6–36 months old infants in Uganda: A cross-sectional study

Objective. Focusing on 6–36 months old infants, this study assessed (1) whether socio-economic status, current anthropometric status, presence of enamel hypoplasia, number of erupted teeth, oral hygiene and consumption of sugared snacks varied between children with normal birthweight (NBW) and low birthweight (LBW) and (2) the association between ECC and birthweight whilst adjusting for covariates of ECC, such as current anthropometric status. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kampala in 2007, involving 816 child/caretaker pairs. All caretakers completed face-to-face interviews. Children were examined for ECC and enamel defects using WHO (1997) criteria and the developmental defects of enamel (DDE) index. Weight at birth was obtained from hospital records and current anthropometric status was assessed using z-scores for weight-for-length (WLZ), length-for-age (LAZ) and weight-for-age (WAZ). Results. Prevalence of LBW (< 2500 g) and ECC were estimated to 11.5% and 18.1%, respectively. Children with LBW and those with ECC presented with more visible plaque, higher sugar consumption and more current underweight (WAZ < ?2) than children with normal birth weight (NBW) and no caries; 26.7% of LBW vs 17.3% (p < 0.001) of NBW children presented with ECC. Enamel defects (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.6–4.8) and presence of visible plaque (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.3–4.1), but not LBW, were associated with ECC in multiple variable logistic regression analyses. Conclusion. Both LBW and ECC were associated with poor oral hygiene, high intake of sugars and current underweight. Enamel defects were associated with ECC. Adjusting for covariates there were no clear association between LBW and ECC. Studies using a prospective study design are needed for further investigation.     

早产对脑性瘫痪儿童乳牙釉质发育的影响

目的研究早产因素对脑瘫儿童乳牙釉质发育缺陷的影响。方法选择135名脑瘫患儿,与62名正常儿童对比,进行乳牙釉质发育缺陷状况的统计调查。同时比较脑瘫儿童中早产与乳牙釉质发育缺陷发生的关系。结果脑瘫儿童组中早产儿童乳牙釉质发育缺陷的患病率明显高于足月组,有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论早产的脑瘫儿童更容易发生乳牙釉质发育缺陷。     

乳牙釉质发育缺陷临床特点的研究

目的　探讨低出生体重儿和早产儿乳牙釉质发育缺陷的临床特点及其发生机制。方法　选择 1 76名低出生体重儿和早产儿 ,检查乳牙釉质发育缺陷的状况 ,结合出生前、出生时及出生后的病史 ,研究釉质发育缺陷的临床特点及其发生机制。结果　低出生体重儿和早产儿乳牙釉质发育缺陷的患病率为 77 3% ,其患病率男女性别间无显著性差异。乳牙釉质混浊好发于上下第二乳磨牙 ,而乳牙釉质发育不全好发于上下乳切牙和上第一乳磨牙 ,且无论是乳牙釉质混浊还是发育不全 ,基本是对称发生。结论　乳牙釉质发育缺陷主要是由出生时及出生后 1年内全身状况的紊乱所致.     

低出生体重儿和早产儿乳牙釉质发育缺陷与龋齿易感性的研究

目的从临床和实验研究两方面探讨乳牙釉质发育缺陷与龋齿易感性的关系。方法选择１７６例３～８岁的低出生体重儿和早产儿，分析乳牙釉质发育缺陷与龋齿的相关性；将４颗自然脱落的釉质发育不全乳前牙用于釉质溶解度的研究，比较发育不全部位和正常部位釉粉的溶解度。结果临床研究发现乳牙釉质发育缺陷与龋齿的发生显著相关；乳牙釉质混浊和釉质发育不全分别与龋齿的发生显著相关。溶解度研究发现发育不全的釉质溶解度大，且达到平衡的时间短。结论釉质发育缺陷（釉质发育不全和釉质混浊）增加了牙齿对龋的易感性     

早产儿乳牙釉质发育缺陷及患龋状况的临床研究

目的研究早产儿乳牙釉质发育缺陷及龋病的发病率,并探讨两者的相关关系。方法选取3～7岁早产儿及足月出生儿两组各173名,进行乳牙釉质发育缺陷及患龋情况的调查统计和数据对比分析。结果早产儿组釉质发育缺陷(DDE)的患病率(63.58%)明显高于正常出生组DDE的患病率(34.10%),其患病率男女性别间无明显差异。DDE好发于上颌切牙。早产儿组的患龋率(69.36%)与正常出生组的患龋率(71.68%)无明显差异。结论早产儿的乳牙釉质发育缺陷率较高,做好早产儿的口腔保健及父母的口腔健康知识教育是非常重要的。