脑出血并发多脏器功能障碍综合征临床分析

目的对脑出血并发多脏器功能障碍综合征（MODS）患者进行临床分析。方法对我院收治的346例急性脑出血并发MODS患者及未并发者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果脑出血并MODS的患者病死率高于同期未并发者（P〈0．01）。脑出血破入脑室系统者MODS的发生率高于未破入脑室系统者（P〈0．01）。既往患2种及2种以上慢性疾病的患者发生MODS的机会明显多于慢性疾患少于2种的患者（P〈0．05）。脏器衰竭多发脏器以肺、胃肠、肾为多;脏器衰竭的数目越多,病死率越高（P〈0．05）。结论脑出血后易发生MODS、病死率增高,尤以破入脑室系统为著;受累器官越多,病死率越高。综合救治是降低病死率和致残率的关键手段。     

脑血管意外后遗症并发肺部感染致多脏器功能衰竭的临床分析

目的探讨脑血管意外后遗症患者并发肺部感染与多脏器功能衰竭的关系及治疗。方法选择135例脑血管意外后遗症并发肺部感染合并多脏器功能衰竭的患者的临床资料进行回顾性调查分析。结果脑血管意外后遗症并发肺部感染的患者中,首发的脏器功能衰竭为肺,累及脏器越多、病死率越高。结论肺部感染多为脑血管意外后遗症患者并发脏器功能衰竭的启动因素。     

肺心病并发多器官功能衰竭63例临床分析

目的总结肺心病并发多器官功能衰竭（MOF）的防治经验。方法回顾性分析8年来我院收治的慢性肺心病280例,其中合并MOF者63例。结果63例肺心病合并MOF者中,死亡43例,总死亡率68%;并发2个器官衰竭者死亡率52%（15/29）;并发3个器官衰竭者死亡率65%（11/17）;并发4个以上器官衰竭者死亡率100%（17/17）。结论肺心病合并MOF,受累器官越多,病死率越高,年龄越大,病死率越高。减少死亡率的关键在于控制感染,预防发生脑、肾、胃肠、肝、DIC等并发症。     

急性脑血管病患者下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺功能检测及意义

ACVD并发多脏器功能衰竭 ( MOF)的机制目前尚不清楚。我们观察了 1 67例 ACVD患者的下丘脑 -垂体 -甲状腺轴功能变化规律 ,旨在探讨其变化与ACVD转归及 ACVD并发 MOF的内在联系 ,为临床早期防治重症 ACVD并发 MOF提供依据。1　资料与方法1 .1　临床资料　 ACVD患者中 ,男 98例 ,女 69例 ;年龄 42 - 84岁 ,平均 63± 1 3.1岁 ;均经颅脑 CT证实诊断。其中脑梗死 87例 ,脑出血 64例 ,蛛网膜下腔出血 ( SAH) 1 6例。按陈德昌、刘大为提出的 MOF诊断标准 (评分法 ) [1] ,ACVD并 MOF32例 ,其中脑梗死1 4例 ,脑出血 1 5例 ,MO…     

急性脑血管病并发多脏器功能障碍综合征临床分析

回顾性分析急性脑血管病（ACVD）662例有无并发多脏器功能障碍（MODS）的临床资料。结果MODS组病死率42．47％,无MODS组病死率6．95％,两组病死率差异具有非常显著性（P〈0．01）。容易受累的脏器依次为肺脏、心血管系统、脑、肾脏、消化道、肝脏;随着所累及器官越多,病死率就越高。认为对ACVD患者应采取早期预防、正确的治疗及严密的观察,降低MODS的发生率。一旦发生MODS则应紧急采取措施加以控制,尽快去除诱因,治疗原发病,以免累及更多脏器。     

老年人慢性阻塞性肺部疾病并多器官衰竭的相关因素分析

目的了解老年慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)并多器官衰竭(MOF)的临床特征.方法回顾性分析159例老年COPD并MOF患者的临床资料.结果老年COPD并MOF的发生率为75.0%,病死率为31.4%,发生衰竭的器官依次为肺、心、脑、肾、肝、胃肠和血液,出现肾功能衰竭和弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)者全部死亡.pH值越低、氧分压越低、二氧化碳分压短期内迅速上升、器官衰竭数目越多,病死率越高.结论老年人COPD并MOF发生初期应重点防治肺、心两个器官,病死率随着器官衰竭数目的增加而上升,与器官衰竭的种类、严重程度有关.     

难治性肺结核并发多脏器衰竭50例临床分析

难治性肺结核传染期长、病死率高、治疗效果差,易发生肺部感染,可发展为多脏器功能衰竭(MOF).2001年1月～2006年12月,我院共收治难治性肺结核并发MOF患者50例,现对其临床资料进行回顾性分析.     

慢性肺原性心脏病与多脏器功能衰竭

报告 36 0例慢性肺原性心脏病急性发作期患者并发多脏器功能衰竭 (MSOF) 119例 ,占33.1% ,其中并发呼吸衰竭及心力衰竭最多 (各为 96 .6 %及 95 % ) ;肾功能衰竭占 6 1.3%。 119例中死亡 2 0例 ,病死率为 16 .8% ,明显高于未发生 MSOF者 (7.9% ) ,病死率为 16 .8% ,明显高于未发生 MSOF者 (7.9% ) ,病死率与衰竭脏器数、缺氧程度呈正比。文中还对其发生机理进行了探讨     

老年人脑出血并发肺部感染相关分析

目的　探讨老年人脑出血后并发肺部感染的相关因素。方法　老年人脑出血后并发肺部感染 2 16例 ,无肺部感染 3 49例。两组均系同期住院患者。对资料进行 χ2 检验。结果　老年人脑出血并发肺部感染的时间多在病后一周内 (78.7% ) ,其相关因素有糖尿病史、慢性肺病史、卒中史 ,脑出血的量、部位、脑组织中线是否移位和血肿破入脑室、意识情况及血糖水平 (P均 <0 .0 0 5 ) ;并发肺部感染的病死率明显增高。结论　老年人脑出血急性期应积极加强防治肺部感染 ,以降低其病死率     

急性期脑卒中并发肺部感染86例临床分析

目的：探讨脑卒中急性期并发肺部感染的相关临床因素及对预后的影响。方法：收集673例急性脑卒中住院患者的临床资料,分析86例并发肺部感染与相关临床因素的关系。结果：本纽673例急性脑卒中并发肺部感染率为12．8％。意识障碍、吞咽障碍以及慢性肺部疾病史与肺部感染的发生有显著性关系（P〈0．01）;高龄、脑卒中类型、脑卒中史等与肺部感染发生有显著性关系（P〈0．05）。脑卒中病情越重,肺部感染发生率越高,肺部感染组病死率为15．1％明显高于非肺部感染组的3．6％（P〈0．01）。结论：脑卒中急性期患者肺部感染是由于多种因素相互作用的结果,严重影响其预后。     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.