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唇腭裂是人类最常见的先天性畸形之一,其群体发病率为1‰～2‰,不同国家发病率相差很大,在我国达1.82‰[1].唇腭裂病因至今尚不明了,传统上认为由多基因遗传凶素造成,与环境诱变因子有重大关系.     

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口腔黏膜下纤维性变(oral submucous fibrosis,OSF)是一种慢性、隐匿性且具有癌变倾向的疾病,主要发生于印度、巴基斯坦等东南亚国家以及我国湖南、台湾两省。OSF病因不明,咀嚼槟榔是其最主要的致病因素,且咀嚼槟榔的频率越高、年限越长,越易患OSF。所有OSF患者都有咀嚼槟榔史,咀嚼槟榔还与口腔白斑、口腔癌发病高度相关。此外,OSF的发生还与遗传因素、免疫反应、胶原相关性基因,营养缺乏等有关。本文就OSF致病因素做一简单介绍。     

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??Osteoradionecrosis of jaws is a significant complication of radiotherapy for oral and maxillofacial head and neck malignant tumor. It occurs with bone devitalization and exposure through the overlying skin or mucosa which is necrotic and punched?? accompanied by extreme pain and fetor. The quality of life of patients with osteoradionecrosis is negative. This review focuses on the definition?? risk factors?? pathophysiology and treatment of osteoradionecrosis.     

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铜是人体必需的微量元素之一,含量居第三位,仅次于铁、锌。近些年来,由于铜是主要的抗菌元素之一及铜本身的相关特性使其成为在骨植入材料应用方面研究的热点。文章就铜抗菌性和生物学活性方面的影响、作用机制及研究现状做一综述。     

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??The repair of bone defect has achieved a lot of satisfactory results with years of development of bone tissue engineering scaffold. In order to acquire better repair effects for the oral and maxillofacial bone defect??more and more domestic and foreign scholars have paid great attention to the research about combining growth factors with bone tissue engineering scaffold. This review will summarize the research progress in combination mode of bone tissue engineering scaffold with growth factor.     

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??Clinically??more and more orthodontic teeth movement has been observed in the affected teeth??especially after trauma and root canal treatment??RCT??. The problems of pulp necrosis and root resorption have also been paid attention to. Then??how to reduce the occurrence of these cases and move the affected teeth safely and effectively has become the research focus of the scholars. In order to provide theoretical basis for further research in orthodontic tooth movement of affected teeth??this review will make a summary mainly in the time and result of orthodontic tooth movement of traumatised and RCT teeth.     

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??In recent years??with the development of orthodontic technology??domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of research on how to accelerate the orthodontic tooth movement. Here we review multiple important factors accelerating the speed of orthodontic tooth movement that has been confirmed??such as hormones and drugs??electromagnetic laser and surgical methods??in order to offer the reference for future clinical treatment.     

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??Gelatinases are the fundamental components of matrix metalloproteinases??including matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9??and have the ability to degrade extracellular matrix. Recent studies have shown that gelatinases play an essential role in the pathogenesis of pulpitis and apical periodontitis. This paper makes a review on recent advances of the basic research of gelatinases and their effects on the pathogenicity??the diagnosis as well as the therapy for pulpitis and apical periodontitis.     

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??Sodium hypochlorite is the most common irrigant employed in endodontic treatment with antibacterial activity which is capable of dissolving the necrotic tissue. However some studies suggest NaOCl could interfere in organization structure?? chemical composition and the bond strength of the composite bonded to dentine. This paper reviewed the research progress.     

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根管封闭剂是根管充填的必备材料,也是保证严密封闭根管系统的重要因素。近年来,根管封闭剂的创新研究一直十分活跃。本文主要围绕根管封闭剂的研究进展做一综述。     

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??Abstract??Acellular dermal matrix??ADM??is a substitute and restorative material for human dermal tissue in recent years and was firstly used in burn patients. As a kind of natural material in tissue engineering??ADM has excellent histocompatibility and complete three-dimensional meshy scaffolds. Currently??there are a variety of acellular dermal graft products of different modes on the market??which are applied in the clinical treatment of periodontal disease. This review describes the application of ADM in the field of periodontology and its recent research progress.     

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??In the 1950s??studies had found that mechanical stress could rearrange the charges and produce electricity on the surface of the bone. This is called piezoelectric effect. Piezoelectric properties of the bone imply that adding a certain of active electric ingredients to transplant materials may increase the formation speed and the quality of the bone. With the development of science and technology??the piezoelectric materials in industry have been widely introduced into medical field as the bone substitute materials??generating charges on the surface of the bone to promote the bone healing. In this paper??we briefly introduce the piezoelectric effect of the bone, osteogenesis mechanism of piezoelectric materials??and review the progress of the research on piezoelectric materials for bone replacement.     

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??The periodontal attachment loss is intimately related to orthodontic treatment. Naturally??existing dehiscences and fenestrations will influence the effect of orthodontic treatment??and inappropriate treatment can lead to or acceleratedehiscences and fenestrations. The review will focus on the etiology??prone position and clinical characters of the periodontal attachment loss, as well as the interaction between it and the orthodontic treatment.     

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颅面生长是遗传和环境因素共同作用的结果,咀嚼肌功能被认为是调节颅面生长发育的重要环境因素,它与颅面形态相互作用,使颅面复合体始终处于一种动态平衡之中.本文就近年来有关咀嚼肌形态和功能与颅面形态关系的研究进展做一综述.     

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矫形治疗Ⅱ类错[牙合]是正畸学中常见的治疗方式。矫形治疗的疗效,特别是对颞下颌关节（temporomandibular joint,TMJ）的影响一直以来是人们关注的焦点。随着影像学技术的发展,国内外很多学者利用不同的影像学手段对此问题进行研究。本文就Ⅱ类错[牙合]矫形治疗对TMJ影响的影像学研究做一综述。     

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??Composite resins are widely used as clinical restoration materials because of good aesthetic properties??easy handling??thermal insulation and better conservation of tooth structures. However??its polymerization shrinkage can lead to the gap between the tooth structure and composite resin called microleakage??which can result in the failure of restorations. Cervical lesions usually have little enamel in Class?? cavities??so it’s more difficult to avoid the microleakage. Microleakage is a complicated process caused by various factors and there are many studies about it reported. Based on literature reviews??this paper summarized the influence factors of microleakage in Class?? composite restorations??hoping to offer some reference and help in clinical treatment.     

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根管封闭性能是影响弯曲根管治疗成功与否的主要因素之一,本文就近20年来有关中重度弯曲根管封闭性的影响因素研究进展做一综述。     

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????Synovial sarcoma accounts for about 6%??9% of soft tissue sarcomas?? most commonly affecting the extremity of adults. Synovial sarcomas often develop in para-articular regions of the extremity?? and they almost never arise within the joint. Synovial sarcomas have always been considered high-grade and carry a particularly different molecular mechanism and its pathological diagnosis remains distinct. Given the rapid growth and infiltrative nature of the disease?? local and systemic control is challenging and tough to surgeons?? radio-oncologists and chemo-therapists. Head and neck synovial sarcomas are rare entities in adults?? accounting for only about 3%??5% of all synovial sarcomas. Therefore?? the medical literature on synovial sarcomas of the head and neck is so far limited. After reviewing the latest published articles and summarizing the cases in our hospital?? we advocate surgery and post-surgical radiation as the primary treatment modality. As for chemotherapy?? the potential survival benefit remains controversial.     

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分泌型天冬氨酸蛋白酶(secreted aspartyl proteinase,SAP)是白色念珠菌的毒力因素之一,它参与白色念珠菌的黏附与侵袭,在白色念珠菌致病过程中发挥了重要作用.目前对于SAP的研究主要集中在其结构、理化性质、基因调控、抑制因素等方面,也有涉及其与相关口腔黏膜病的关系.本文就近年来有关SAP的研究进展做一综述.     

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??Chronic periapical periodontitis??CAP??is a common kind of chronic inflammation of periapical tissue. Under the conditions of failure of root canal treatment or retreatment??serious variation of root canal anatomy and definite diagnosis after exploratory operation??endodontic microsurgery has its unique application value. This paper summarized the current situation of clinical application and development trend of microscopic endodontic microsurgery in the treatment of chronic periapical periodontitis??providing references to the diagnosis and treatment of chronic periapical periodontitis in clinical work.