稳定型咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病疼痛症状的研究

目的：探讨稳定型咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）疼痛的疗效。方法：TMD疼痛患者61例，急性组28例（男11例，女17例）；慢性组33例（男18例，女15例）。记录治疗前后疼痛指数，双侧颞肌前束（temporal anterior，TA）和咬肌（masseter muscle，MM）牙尖交错位最大紧咬时电位及最大紧咬时咬合接触情况。结果：（1）2组治疗后1月疼痛指数均明显低于治疗前（P〈0．05），治疗前后疼痛强度差值及显效率2组之间无显著差异（P〉0．05）。（2）治疗后无论是急性组还是慢性组TA及MM最大紧咬电位症状侧均较治疗前明显升高（P〈0．05），而非症状侧治疗前后无明显差异（P〉0．05）。（3）治疗后急性组TA和MM肌电不对称指数与治疗前相比均明显降低（P〈0．05）。治疗后肌电不对称指数TA慢性组明显高于急性组（P〈0．05），而MM无明显差异（P〉0．05）。（4）2组治疗前后左、右两侧咬合接触点数、以及咬合接触不对称指数无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：稳定型咬合板治疗可以明显缓解TMD疼痛，但对急、慢性疼痛的缓解程度无明显差异。其机制可能与肌功能活动情况易于得到明显改善等生理学基础有关。     

咬合板对颞下颌关节紊乱病相关颌面部疼痛的影响

颞下颌关节紊乱病（temporomandibular disorders, TMD）是口颌面部慢性痛的主要来源,严重干扰日常活动。咬合板是颞下颌关节紊乱病的最常用的治疗方法之一,但其疗效尚未完全明了。学者们多年来致力于对咬合板的作用机制、疗效的研究,但至今尚未得出统一的结果。该文将对咬合板的作用机制、咬合板的分类、TMD相关疼痛的种类与咬合板的选择、TMD的其他保守治疗与咬合板的关系四个方面对于咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病相关颌面部疼痛的疗效进行进行综述。     

微型咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的临床研究

采用微型咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病（ＴＭＤ）８８例,男２５例,女６３例,年龄１４～４８岁,平均２７．５岁．结果：症状完全消失４０例（４５．５％）,症状改善４５例（５１．１％）,症状无变化３例（３．４％）．结果表明微型咬合板是治疗ＴＭＤ的一种简便而有较好疗效的保守疗法     

上颌咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病

为寻找治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的有效方法。方法 对３４例颞下颌关节紊乱病伴前牙深覆 Ｈｅ患者给予上颌Ｈｅ板治疗。结果 上颌咬合板对颞下凳关节疼痛，弹响以及张口受限等临床症状有明显缓解作用。结论上颌咬合板可作为治疗颞下颌关节乱紊乱病的方法之一。     

稳定性咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的咀嚼肌肌电图研究

目的：通过对颞下颌关节紊乱病（Temporomandibular disorders,TMD）患者进行稳定性咬合板的可逆性咬合治疗,然后利用肌电图仪测量治疗前后患者的咀嚼肌（TA和MM）的肌电情况,分析探讨用稳定性咬合板对颞下颌关节紊乱病患者咀嚼肌肌电图的影响。方法：选取来我院就诊的10例咀嚼肌功能紊乱患者,在稳定性咬合板治疗前和治疗后3个月时,分别用肌电图仪对其咀嚼肌（TA和MM）进行肌电检查,并通过比较治疗前后的咀嚼肌活动不对称指数情况。结果：戴入稳定性咬合板3个月后,颞肌前束与咬肌的MPP和ICP高电位降低（P〈0.05）;最大紧咬时双侧咀嚼肌总体不对称性指数（Astot）、双侧颞肌不对称性指数（ASTA）和双侧咬肌不对称性指数（ASMM）均降低（P〈0.05）。结论：颞下颌关节紊乱病患者通过稳定性咬合板进行咬合治疗后,使患者双侧咀嚼肌的MPP和ICP高电位较治疗前有明显的降低,最大紧咬时双侧咀嚼肌活动不对称性得到明显的改善。     

咬合板高度对TMD患者咀嚼肌肌电的影响

目的:研究不同高度的咬合板对颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)患者颞肌前束、咬肌肌电的影响。方法:73例TMD患者随机分为3组,戴用不同高度咬合板使咬合距离分别增加3mm、5mm、7mm,比较分析戴板前和戴板后即刻测量的双侧颞肌前束(TA)和咬肌(MM)肌电电位。结果:在静息及紧咬状态下,戴用不同高度咬合板即刻测量的TA及MM肌电电位均明显低于戴板前的测量值(P<0.05);紧咬状态下5mm和7mm咬合板对MM肌电电位的降低程度显著高于3mm组。结论:咬合板是治疗肌功能紊乱的有效方法。高度为5mm和7mm的咬合板降低咀嚼肌肌电的能力较3mm咬合板更强。     

上颌咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病

目的为寻找治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的有效方法。方法对34例颞下颌关节紊乱病伴前牙深覆患者给予上颌板治疗。结果上颌咬合板对颞下颌关节疼痛、弹响以及张口受限等临床症状有明显的缓解作用。结论上颌咬合板可作为治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的方法之一。     

再定位咬合板对颞下颌关节紊乱病的临床治疗体会

颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disor ders,TMD)是指诸多原因导致的颞下颌关节及周围咀嚼肌群出现的结构、功能及器质性改变。其发病率较高,约25%～88%。患者主要表现为咀嚼肌及关节区肌肉疼痛、开闭口关节弹响及下颌运动障碍等。严重者可伴有头疼、耳疼、眩晕及听力障碍。本科自2002年2月以来应用再定位咬合板治疗此类患者35例,取得满意疗效,现报告如下。     

不同咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病对患者上气道影响的CBCT研究

目的:分析稳定性咬合板(stabilization splint,SS)及前导性再定位咬合板(anterior repositioning splint,ARS)治疗前后颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorders,TMDs)患者上气道变化.方法:选择56例厦门医学院附属口腔医院就诊的双侧髁...     

Fabrication of Easily Reproducible Occlusal Splints

Occlusal splints have been used for many years and for many dental problems. The ability to easily fabricate occlusal splints which are accurate and require a minimum of chair-time is an important consideration.

This article describes a method of occlusal splint fabrication which will produce an occlusal splint that meets the above criteria and also allows for duplicate splints to be easily made. During the process of fabrication, a mold of the splint occlusal form is made which can be used at a later date to reproduce the original splint. This will reduce inconvenience for the patient and reduce the dentist's chair-time.     

Application of Soft Occlusal Splints in Patients Suffering from Clicking Temporomandibular Joints

This clinical study evaluated the application of prefabricated soft occlusal splints in 42 patients from a population of 84 patients with pain and dysfunction associated with clicking in the temporomandibular joints (TMJ).The soft occlusal splints were a temporary therapeutic and diagnostic modality for the relief of pain, dysfunction, and TMJ clicking over a 10- to 20-day-interim period between initial consultation and insertion of a custom-fabricated, full arch, hard acrylic, occlusal appliance or equilibration. The favorable results of this study support the use of the prefabricated, soft occlusal splints as a temporary treatment and diagnostic modality in patients suffering from reducible disk derangements of the temporomandibular joints.     

TMD患者咬合接触情况与牙弓宽度的测量分析

目的：通过测量和比较正常人群与TMD患者在牙尖交错位时的咬合接触情况及牙弓宽度情况,探讨这2个解剖特征与TMD发病的相关性。方法：收集120个临床病例分为2组,A组TMD患者50例,B组正常人群（对照组）70例,通过对2组人群的咬合接触情况、牙弓宽度进行测量分析,探讨这2个解剖特征与TMD发病的相关性。结果：牙尖交错位时,TMD患者的无咬合接触牙齿数高于正常人群;牙弓宽度较正常人群窄（P﹤0.05）。结论：TMD发病与咬合接触少,牙弓宽度窄这2个解剖特征有关。     

Influence of Stabilization Occlusal Splints on Sternocleidomastoid and Masseter Electromyographic Activity

The present work was conducted in order to determine the effect of stabilization occlusal splints on electromyographic (EMG) activity of sternocleidomastoid and masseter muscles, in subjects with tenderness to palpation in these muscles. A full-arch maxillary stabilization occlusal splint was made for each of 14 subjects. Tonic EMG activity, as well as during saliva swallowing and maximal voluntary clenching, was recorded with and without a stabilization occlusal splint inserted. Similar tonic, as well as maximal voluntary clenching EMG activity, with and without the stabilization occlusal splint, was observed. During saliva swallowing, the activity in both muscles was significantly lower with the stabilization occlusal splint. This suggests that daytime use of the stabilization occlusal splint might improve tenderness to palpation in the studied muscles, since the frequency of swallowing function is higher during waking hours.     

2种不同牙合垫治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的临床疗效分析

目的:对比分析稳定型牙合垫和再定位牙合垫对治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的临床疗效。方法:对采用牙合垫治疗的32例颞下颌关节紊乱病患者进行随访分析,其中使用稳定型牙合垫治疗的病例18人,再定位牙合垫14人,对比分析2组患者在治疗前、治疗后、治疗后3个月、6个月、12个月时关节弹响、疼痛程度(VAS)的变化。结果:2组患者治疗后疼痛程度及关节弹响状况与术前比较均明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两种牙合垫对关节弹响的治疗效果无显著性差异,稳定型牙合垫组患者治疗后及治疗后3个月、6个月、12个月时的VAS低于再定位牙合垫组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:2种牙合垫均可有效地治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病,再定位牙合垫主要用于治疗可复性关节盘前移位,稳定型牙合垫治疗关节疼痛的疗效优于再定位牙合垫。     

Influence of Occlusal Splints on Bilateral Anterior Temporal EMG Activity during Swallowing of Saliva in Patients with Craniomandibular Dysfunction

A full-arch maxillary stabilization occlusal splint was made for each of 10 patients with craniomandibular dysfunction. These splints were divided into three sections (one anterior and two posterior). This procedure allowed variation in the anteroposterior centric localization of occlusal contacts, thus permitting the recording of the EMG effects produced by the different occlusal splint sections. The integrated EMG activity was recorded from the right and left anterior temporal muscles during swallowing of saliva in habitual occlusion and with the different occlusal splint sections inserted. EMG activity during swallowing of saliva was significantly lower with the different occlusal splints than in habitual occlusion. This supports the rationale for diurnal wear of the occlusal splint. No differences in EMG activity were found during swallowing of saliva when different sections of the occlusal splints were used. This fact points out the possibility for therapeutic use of different occlusal splints for improving swallowing function.     

调(牙合)治疗颞颌关节紊乱病疼痛效果及其可能机制的初步研究

目的:探讨调牙合对TMD疼痛的疗效及可能的机制。方法:TMD疼痛患者58例,将无以下3种咬合表现者归为A组(35例):内倾型深覆牙合、上下后牙同名牙尖相对、反牙合或锁牙合牙≥3处,有其表现者归为B组(23例)。结果:1)A组治疗后即刻及1月时VAS值都降低(P<0.01),B组仅治疗1月后降低(P<0.05);2)治疗1月后咬肌和颞肌前束肌电对称性A组升高(P<0.05),B组无变化(P>0.05);3)治疗1月后A组咬合接触点数及对称性增加(P<0.05),B组无变化(P>0.05);4)上述疗效与TM J病变程度、病程、年龄等因素无密切关系。结论:调牙合治疗可以缓解无明显诱因而发病的TMD疼痛,但其疗效受咬合类型的影响。     

老年人颞下颌关节紊乱病的临床研究

目的 :研究老年人颞下颌关节紊乱病 (TMD)的临床表现、诊断和治疗的特点。方法 :对56例60岁以上的TMD患者进行治疗观察 ,对临床资料进行总结分析。结果 :老年人TMD占同期TMD患者总数的 9.9%。男女之比为 1∶1.7。经采用综合措施治疗 ,结果显效39.3%、有效53.6%、无效7.1%。结论 :老年人TMD器质变化型明显增多 ,牙齿缺失与磨损是老年人TMD的重要病因 ,治疗应采取综合措施 ,咬合板、封闭和义齿修复是主要的治疗方法。     

舌体鳞癌患者两种区域性颈淋巴清扫术式疗效的比较

目的：通过对舌体鳞癌患者两种区域性颈淋巴清扫术式疗效的比较,为颈清术式的选择提供参考。方法：对235例行舌骨上或肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术且有完整随访资料的T1CN0和T2CN0期舌体鳞癌患者进行回顾性研究,比较两种区域性颈清术式的疗效。结果采用卡方检验。结果：舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术和肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术术后颈部复发率分别为16．0％和10．5％,肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术在防止术后颈部复发方面疗效明显优于舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术（P〈0．05）。结论：肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术的术后颈部复发率低于舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术,建议作为T1CN0和T2CN0期舌体鳞癌患者区域性颈淋巴清扫的优选术式。