大鼠心脏神经节抗氟酸性磷酸酶组织化学观察

采用抗氟酸性磷酸酶组织化学技术对大鼠心内神经七细胞进行了观察。结果发现，１０只大鼠中有３只在心房后壁及心房大血管旁有少数神经节细胞呈ＦＲＡＰ反应阳性，该类神经元属小型神经元。其形态类似假单极神经元。对心内这类神经元性质进行了讨论，提示心内该酶阳性的神经元可能为感觉性质的。     

切除卵巢大鼠心内神经NGF表达的变化（英文）

通过建立切除雌性大鼠卵巢、和切除卵巢后雌二醇替代治疗模型与正常雌性大鼠进行对照,采用免疫组织化学方法观察雌激素是否对大鼠心房后壁心内神经节神经生长因子(NGF)的表达有影响。实验结果发现各组大鼠心房后壁心内神经节均存在NGF免疫阳性神经元,但切除卵巢组大鼠心内神经节NGF免疫阳性神经元的数量与其他组相比明显减少,阳性染色明显减弱。实验结果证明心房后壁心内神经节存在NGF,并且受雌二醇影响,提示雌激素可能会影响心内神经节NGF的表达。     

大鼠心内P物质免疫反应阳性神经元——PAP法和IGSS法研究

应用Ｓｔｅｒｎｂｅｒｇｅｒ ＰＡＰ法和Ｄａｎｓｃｈｅｒ免疫金银法（ＩＧＳＳ法），在ＳＤ大鼠心脏石蜡切片，对心内Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）神经节细胞进行了免疫细胞化学研究。结果发现：在大鼠心内存在许多ＳＰ免疫反应阳性神经纤维，在心房后壁存在少数ＳＰ免疫反应阳性神经细胞。ＳＰ免疫反应阳性神经细胞通常多为椭圆形中小细胞，与感觉传导有关，ＩＧＳＳ法比ＰＡＰ法更为敏感。     

吗啡对大鼠背根节和脊髓抗氟化物酸性磷酸酶活性的影响

经过递增性注射吗啡的大鼠，已对吗啡产生了依赖性。在此基础上，应用酶组织化学方法和图像分析仪（ＭＩＡＳ），观察和测量了对吗啡依赖大鼠背根节小神经元胞体及其传入纤维终末内抗氟化物酸性磷酸酶（ｆｌｕｏｒｉｄｅｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｔａｃｉｄｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔａｓｅ，ＦＲＡＰ）活性的变化。实验结果显示：实验组大鼠背根节小神经元胞体虽然有ＦＲＡＰ阳性反应染色，但是比对照组大鼠明显减弱。实验组大鼠腰（Ｌ）３、Ｌ４、Ｌ５脊髓Ⅱ板层ＦＲＡＰ阳性反应区染色也明显减弱；两侧Ⅱ板层的阳性反应物的分布范围虽然对称，但其面积比对照组大显减少１０％。本文结果表明：吗啡可能有抑制背根节神经元合成ＦＲＡＰ的作用，从而导致其胞体及其传入纤维终末的ＦＲＡＰ活性降低     

卵巢切除大鼠心内神经节IL-6和NGF表达的变化（英文）

目的观察卵巢切除大鼠心内神经节IL-6和NGF的表达与成年雌性大鼠、卵巢切除后雌二醇替代大鼠是否有变化及其是否受雌激素影响。方法本研究采用免疫组织化学方法。结果各组大鼠心内神经节均存在IL-6阳性神经元和NGF阳性神经元,但卵巢切除组大鼠心内神经节IL-6阳性神经元明显增多,表达明显增强,而卵巢切除组大鼠心内神经节NGF阳性神经元的数量却明显减少,表达明显降低。结论心房后壁心内神经节存在IL-6和NGF,并且受雌激素影响,提示雌二醇可能影响心内神经节IL-6和NGF的表达。     

刺激中脑防御反应区诱导延髓PGL、NRO的c－Fos表达

为从形态学上明确中缝隐核（ＮＲＯ）、巨细胞旁外侧核（ＰＧＬ）与防御反应的关系，并分析为防御性心血管活动激活的ＮＲＯ神经元的性质，本实验采用免疫细胞化学Ｆｏｓ诱导显示ＡＢＣ－ＤＡＢ法及Ｆｏｓ＋５－ＨＴ双标法，分别观察电刺激中脑导水管周围灰质背侧部（ｄＰＡＧ）、改变刺激强度或表达时间诱导的ＮＲＯ、ＰＧＬ的Ｆｏｓ样免疫阳性反应（ＦＬＩ）细胞及刺激ｄＰＡＧ诱导的ＮＲＯ的Ｆｏｓ＋５－ＨＴ双标细胞的分布。实验在戊巴比妥钠麻醉的Ｓｐｒａｇｕｅ－Ｄａｗｌｅｙ（ＳＤ）大鼠上进行。结果显示，刺激ｄＰＡＧ所诱导的ＮＲＯ、ＰＧＬ的ＦＬＩ细胞数均较对照组明显增加（Ｐ＜０．００１），并与刺激电流的强度有一定的依从关系，而刺激后间隔３ｈ灌流的Ｆｏｓ表达程度显著高于间隔１ｈ者；在刺激ｄＰＡＧ诱导中缝隐核Ｆｏｓ表达并在ＡＢＣ－ＤＡＢ法显示的基础上，再以免疫组化法作５－ＨＴ抗体标记，结果ＮＲＯ未见双标细胞，提示ＮＲＯ、ＰＧＬ神经元参与了防御性心血管活动，一定强度的刺激可能导致ＮＲＯ、ＰＧＬ内神经元功能长时程的改变；参与防御性心血管活动的ＮＲＯ神经元可能为非５－ＨＴ神经元。     

大鼠心内一氧化氮能神经结构的研究

以还原型尼可酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸硫辛酰胺脱氢酶（ＮＡＤＰＨｄ）组织化学技术系统观察了大鼠心房壁与心室壁各层、冠状动脉、主动脉与肺动脉根部、窦房结、房室结及Ｐｕｒｋｉｎｊｅ细胞的一氧化氮（ＮＯ）能神经构造。证实心脏各部均接受ＮＯ能神经支配，传导系与冠状动脉壁的神经纤维最为丰富；心内神经节中２５．８％为ＮＯ阳性神经细胞，部分ＮＯ强阳性神经细胞突起穿过神经节进入心房肌层，终于心肌细胞表面。     

睫状神经营养因子对应激大鼠行为和海马神经元的影响

目的探讨睫状神经营养因子（ＣＮＴＦ）对应激大鼠行为和海马神经元的影响。方法采用海马ＣＡ１区微注法，旷场试验法，Ｎｉｓｓｌ染色法和细胞计数观察应激大鼠的行为和海马神经元数量的变化及１００Ｕ、５００Ｕ、１０００Ｕ的ＣＮＴＦ对它们的作用。数据以ｘ±ｓ表示，经ｔ检验。结果５００Ｕ和１０００Ｕ的ＣＮＴＦ可显著增加慢性应激大鼠的水平活动和垂直活动（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），明显减少应激大鼠海马神经元细胞的丢失（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论ＣＮＴＦ对慢性应激大鼠海马神经元损伤具有保护作用，并可能通过海马神经元介导增加慢性应激大鼠的行为活动     

大鼠坐骨神经缺损的神经移植对脊神经节的P物质阳性神？…

目的：研究大鼠坐骨神经缺损的神经移植对脊神经节的Ｐ物质阳性神经元的影响。方法：ＳＤ大鼠１５只,切除右侧坐骨神经１ｃｍ,在手术显微镜下将异体或自体右侧坐骨神经１ｃｍ移植于神经缺损处。对照组只切除右侧坐骨神经１ｃｍ,不进行神经移植。术后１２周取两侧脊神经节,冰冻切片,免疫细胞化学染色显示Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）,对ＳＰ阳性神经元进行图像分析。结果：ＳＰ阳性神经元为中、小型细胞,分散于大的脊神经节细胞中。手术侧与     

犬心脏表面主要神经节丛的组织学观察

目的：为了研究犬心房和心室表现神经节丛的分布。方法：用尼氏染色法光镜下观察犬心脏表现主要神经节丛。结果：在犬心房表面的右房侧壁、左房背介、房间隔区脂肪垫内和心室表面们于主动脉和肺动态之间、主动脉右侧、左冠状动脉根部周围脂肪垫内有许多神经节和神经纤维交织成的神经节丛。心房与心室表面各神经节丛内神经节和神经元分布不均衡，ＲＡＧＰ、ＤＡＧＰ和Ａ－ＰＧＰ内神经节和神经元较多。在犬心脏各部位脂肪垫内和心肌间隙等处均见有大量神经纤维，聚集成束或丛，有的与神经节相连。结论：犬心脏表现神经节和神经元分布不均衡。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.