砷中毒患者心肌酶谱的动态变化

为观察砷中毒患者心肌酶的变化。在患者于砷中毒后第１ ,３ ,７ ,１４ 天空腹采血栓查天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（ Ａ Ｓ Ｔ） 、肌酸激酶（ Ｃ Ｋ） 、及同工酶（ Ｃ Ｋ Ｍ Ｂ） ,乳酸脱氢酶（ Ｌ Ｄ Ｈ） 及同工酶（ Ｌ Ｄ １） 、α 羟丁酸脱氢酶（α Ｈ Ｂ Ｈ Ｄ） 。结果：与健康人比较, 砷中毒患者 Ａ Ｓ Ｔ, Ｃ Ｋ, Ｃ Ｋ Ｍ Ｂ, Ｌ Ｄ Ｈ, Ｌ Ｄ １ ,α Ｈ Ｂ Ｄ Ｈ 明显升高（ Ｐ＜ ００１） , Ｃ Ｋ Ｍ Ｂ／ Ｃ Ｋ 比值正常。结果提示, 砷中毒患者中毒后第１ 天即有 Ａ Ｓ Ｔ, Ｃ Ｋ 升高,第３ 天达到高峰,以后逐渐下降。     

大肠癌患者血清脂蛋白、血脂、癌胚抗原分析

目的：观察大肠癌患者术前术后血清脂白、血脂、癌胚抗原的变化。方法：对４６例大肠癌病人和４０例正常人检测血清ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＣＥＡ术前术后的改变。结果：术前大肠癌血清ＴＣ和ＨＤＬ－Ｃ水平明显低于正常组,ＣＥＡ水平明显高于正常组,差异非常显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）;术后大肠癌血清ＴＣ、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、ＣＥＡ水平与正常组对照有显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）,大肠癌恶性程度高则血清ＴＣ和ＨＤＬ－Ｃ水平     

健身跑对中老年人血脂、脂蛋白及载脂蛋白的影响

中老年健身跑８６例和对照组８０例进行血脂、脂蛋白及载脂蛋白Ａ１·Ｂ（ＡＰＯＡ１·Ｂ）水平的测量。结果两组间胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）水平无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），健身跑组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）、ＡＰＯＡ１水平及ＡＰＯＡ１／ＡＰＯＢ比值则显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。研究变量包括年龄、身高、体重、吸烟及ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡＰＯＡ１·Ｂ等。多变量相关分析表明，超重和吸烟与ＴＧ、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡＰＯＡ１·Ｂ水平有显著相关性。     

进驻高原不同海拔高度不同时间健康青年血清心肌酶活性的变化

为探讨进驻高原不同海拔高度和不同居住时间健康青年血清心肌酶活性的变化,对从平原（海拔１４００ｍ）进驻海拔３７００ｍ和５３８０ｍ高度第７天及半年的８４名青年,进行血清ＡＳＴ、ＣＫ、ＬＤＨ．ａ－ＨＢＤＨ检测,并与平原健康青年作对照。结果表明,进驻高原ＡＳＴ、ＣＫ、ＬＤＨ及ａ—ＨＢＤＨ均显著高于平原（Ｐ＜００５或Ｐ＜００１）。进驻海拔达３７００ｍ,第七天较居住半年时ＬＤＨ显著增高（Ｐ＜００５）,ＡＳＴ、ＣＫ、ａ—ＨＢＤＨ虽然增高但无统计学差异（Ｐ＜００５）,进驻５３８０ｍ第７天较居住半年时的Ａ…     

雌激素替代疗法对绝经后妇女冠心病患者血脂及胰岛素抵抗的近期影响

为探索小剂量雌激素（Ｅ）及Ｅ与孕激素（Ｐ）联合应用对妇女冠心病（ＣＨＤ）的防治机制。将１０８例绝经１年以上的ＣＨＤ患者随机分为３组各３６例，甲组口服ｐｒｅｍａｒｉｎ（倍美力）０．６２５ｍｇ１／ｄ，乙组口服ｌｉｖｉａｌ（利维爱）２．５ｍｇ，１／ｄ，丙组口服安慰剂１片／ｄ，于服药前及服药第３、６个月末检测血浆性激素、血脂谱、糖代谢等各项指标的变化情况。结果显示，ｐｒｅｍａｒｉｎ治疗３个月后可使ＴＣ降低１２．８％，ＴＧ降低１７％，ＬＤＬ－Ｃ降低２９％，ＨＤＬ－Ｃ上升１４．６％，Ｉｎｓ降低３７．８％，１／ＳＧ．Ｉｎｓ上升１倍（Ｐ均＜０．０１），６个月时与３个月治疗效果相同。而ＳＧ治疗前后无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ｌｉｖｉａｌ治疗３个月及６个月时ＴＣ降低８．７％，ＴＧ分别降低１５．６４及３３．８％、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ降低１９．７％及２８．３％（Ｐ均＜０．０１），ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、Ｉｎｓ、ＳＧ水平１／ＳＧ．Ｉｎｓ比值治疗前后无显著变化。安慰剂组治疗前后各指标均无显著变化。表明单用小剂量Ｅ可显著改善绝经后妇女ＣＨＤ患者的异常血脂谱、胰岛素抵抗，其作用显著优于Ｅ＋Ｐ联合疗法。     

博莱霉素致大鼠肺泡上皮通透性的改变及糖皮质类固醇对其的影响

目的观察博莱霉素（ＢＭ）致肺间质纤维化大鼠肺泡上皮通透性（ＬＥＰ）的改变及糖皮质类固醇（ＧＣ）对其的影响。方法将５８只成年雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠分为对照组及疾病组（包括７天、１４天非治疗组及ＧＣ治疗组）。气管内一次性注入ＢＭ，制作肺间质纤维化模型，雾化吸入９９ｍＴｃＤＴＰＡ气溶胶测定ＬＥＰ。结果ＧＣ治疗组第７天时，ＬＥＰ较非治疗组降低，支气管肺泡灌洗液中白蛋白及碱性磷酸酶较非治疗组明显下降，但仍高于对照组；ＬＥＰ与支气管肺泡灌洗液中白蛋白及碱性磷酸酶呈正相关（ｒ＝０７８和０７６，Ｐ均＝００１）。结论ＧＣ可降低ＢＭ致肺间质纤维化早期的ＬＥＰ；ＬＥＰ愈高，肺泡上皮的损伤愈重，ＬＥＰ可作为检测肺泡上皮损伤的敏感、无创性指标     

内皮素等指标检测与Ⅱ型糖尿病并发症

用放免分析（ＲＩＡ）法对３５例正常人和４７例Ⅱ型糖尿病人进行了内皮素（ＥＴ）水平检测；利用酶学终点法和免疫透射比浊法对ＴＧ、ＴＣ、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ和ａｐｏＡＩ及ａｐｏＢ分别进行了测定，用酶联免疫吸附（ＥＬＩＳＡ）法测定了ａｐｏＥ水平。结果Ⅱ型糖尿病时ａｐｏＡＩ及ＨＤＬ－Ｃ均明显低于正常人（Ｐ＜０００１），其余指标均较正常人明显偏高（Ｐ＜００５或Ｐ＜０００１）；糖尿病控制好坏血浆ＥＴ－１水平在短期内变化不明显，但随糖尿病病情加重ＥＴ－１水平增高，高胰岛素与ＴＧ的变化在Ⅱ型糖尿病时呈显著正相关（Ｐ＜００５），多数指标在Ⅱ型糖尿病合并心血管疾病时的变化比未合并心血管疾病时的变化更显著。提示Ⅱ型糖尿病的治疗思路应当是控制血糖，降低胰岛素和血脂水平，增强患者体内抗氧化能力以及减少内皮细胞损伤     

民航飞行人员高血压的血压水平评估及其体重、血脂、血糖水平分析

目的了解民航飞行人员高血压的血压水平,探究飞行人员高血压与体重、血脂、血糖的关系。方法以某航空公司飞行人员年度体检鉴定中检出的１１２名高血压飞行人员（其中确诊高血压３３人,临界高血压７９人）作为对象,按工种、年龄随机配对设置对照组,分析各组收缩压（ＳＰ）、舒张压（ＤＰ）、体重指数（ＢＭＩ）、血清总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三脂（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）和空腹血糖水平。结果高血压组ＳＰ、ＤＰ、ＴＣ、ＢＭＩ水平明显高于非高血压组（Ｐ＜０．０１）;超重高血压组ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ／ＨＤＬ、ＴＣ／ＨＤＬ明显高于非超重高血压组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,超重高血压组临界高血压者ＨＤＬ－Ｃ明显低于非超重高血压组（Ｐ＜０．０５）．各组之间血糖无明显差异。结论民航飞行人员高血压的血压水平较高;超重是心血管疾病危害最大的危险因素,积极减重和控制体重是预防心血管疾病的主要环节;建议对飞行人员高血压治疗进行有效的医学指导,并建议对血压应控制的适宜水平和胰岛素抵抗（ＩＲ）与高血压的关系进行研究。     

铝对大鼠骨质明胶诱导性异位骨形成及矿化影响的研究

采用不脱钙骨切片技术，配合四环素双标记和骨组织形态计量学及铝染色，研究了不同的铝浓度在肾功能正常与肾功能不全时对诱导性异位骨形成及矿化的影响。实验大鼠分为５组：对照组（Ｃ）；低剂量铝组（ＬＤＡ）；高剂量铝组（ＨＤＡ）；慢性肾功能不全组（ＣＲＦ）；慢性肾功能不全加高剂量铝组（ＣＲＦ－ＨＤＡ）；实验结果表明：ＬＤＡ、ＣＲＦ组与Ｃ组之间无明显差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）；ＨＤＡ及ＣＲＦ－ＨＤＡ组骨组织内四环素荧     

绞股蓝及运动训练对中年大鼠主动脉壁脂质氧化水平和血脂含量的影响

测定了中年大鼠主动脉壁脂质过氧化水平和抗氧化酶活性以及血脂的变化。２４只１２月龄的雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠随机分为４组：对照组、服药组、训练组和服药＋训练组。后二组在跑台上训练８周（５天／周，每天训练２０～３０分钟，速度１５～２０米／分，坡度５％）。结果如下：（１）服药、训练组体重明显下降。（２）与对照组比，服药组和训练组ＭＤＡ含量明显下降，ＳＯＤ和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）；服药＋训练组与对照组比较，ＭＤＡ含量以及ＳＯＤ和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；服药＋训练组ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性高于服药组和训练组，差异有显著性。（３）与对照组比较，后三组血清ＨＤＬ－Ｃ以及ＨＤＬ－Ｃ／ＴＣ明显增加，服药组与服药＋训练组ＴＧ和ＴＣ含量下降明显，而训练组ＴＧ和ＴＣ变化不显著。提示绞股蓝及运动训练在抗脂质过氧化和调节脂代谢方面有显著作用。文章探讨了绞股蓝和运动训练抗动脉粥样硬化的可能机制。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.