丝线环扎及改良张力带钢丝内固定治疗髌骨骨折的比较

丝线环扎及改良张力带钢丝内固定治疗髌骨骨折的比较王立建孙凤翔包庆武王桂仁刘庆鹏我们从１９９０９～１９９５６分别以丝线环扎和改良张力带钢丝内固定治疗髌骨骨折５９例和４５例，经随诊观察，两组疗效相近，对于粉碎性骨折的治疗以丝线环扎组较优，报告如...     

治疗髌骨骨折2种方法的体会

目的探讨一种操作简便、复位满意、固定可靠的髌骨粉碎性骨折治疗方法。方法采用张力带钢丝内固定和丝线环扎内固定方法分别治疗髌骨骨折89例。结果89例髌骨粉碎性骨折全部愈合，骨折平均愈合时间7周。结论张力带内固定疗效优于丝线环扎内固定，是目前髌骨粉碎性骨折较理想的治疗方法。     

Pyrford钢丝环扎张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折的生物力学分析及临床研究

[目的] 测试Pvrford钢丝环扎加张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折的生物力学特性，为临床治疗提供理论依据。[方法] 采集新鲜牛尸体膝关节标本，制成髌骨骨折模型，用Pyrford钢丝环扎加张力带固定，并与克氏针张力带、单纯钢丝环扎进行对照比较。[结果]Pyrford钢丝环扎加张力带内固定其强度和刚度相当于传统的8字形克氏针张力带，而且髌骨的应变、位移很小。临床应用Pyrford钢丝环扎加张力带内固定治疗髌骨骨折105例，随访6～23个月，优良率达98％。[结论]Pyrford钢丝环扎加张力带固定完全符合髌骨的生物力学性能，且能达到解剖复位，操作简便，固定牢固，适应早期功能锻炼的目的。     

改良张力带钢丝内固定治疗粉碎性髌骨骨折

髌骨骨折占全部骨骼损伤的1．65％，可由直接或间接外伤所致。髌骨骨折造成的直接影响是伸膝装置的连续性丧失及潜在的髌股关节失常。利用环扎髌骨及髌前张力带钢丝固定技术治疗粉碎性髌骨骨折仍存在切除髌骨的问题。2000年1月-2005年1月设计先用克氏针将骨折块复位固定，再用钢丝环扎髌骨及髌前“8”字张力带钢丝固定治疗粉碎性髌骨骨折，取得满意疗效。     

二种髌骨骨折内固定术比较

５３例髌骨骨折患者分别接受粗丝环扎固定术（３９例）和张力带网丝内固定术（１４例）治疗。术后三个月疗效对比显示，环扎组优良率高于张力带组，张力带组因术后克氏针尾触痛，活动功能的恢复反而普通慢于环扎组，作者认为，对髌骨骨折在选择切开复位内固定时，粗丝线环扎术应为首选。     

横形张力带加钢丝环扎治疗髌骨骨折简

目的探讨横形张力带加钢丝环扎治疗髌骨骨折的疗效。方法针对横断、不同程度粉碎性骨折采用横形张力带、横形张力带加钢丝环扎的方法作内固定。自2007年至今共治疗36例,其中男23例,女13例;年龄20～70岁,平均45岁。全部为闭合性新鲜骨折,横断骨折16例采用横形张力带固定。粉碎性20例采用横形张力带加钢丝环扎治疗。伤后3d内手术。结果术后随访1～5年,所有切口均I期愈合,无切I-A感染。骨折全部一期愈合,无延迟愈合及不愈合,关节功能恢复好。按胥少汀等疗效标准评定,优25例,良10例,中1例,优良率97．2％。结论横形张力带加钢丝环扎内固定治疗髌骨骨折,关节面形态恢复好,内固定坚强,能最大限度地进行早期功能锻炼,无不良并发症。关节功能恢复好。     

空心螺钉钢丝环扎加克氏针钢丝张力带治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折

目的探讨空心螺钉（俗称赫氏钉）钢丝环扎加克氏针钢丝张力带固定治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法采用空心螺钉钢丝环扎加克氏针张力带固定对23例髌骨粉碎性骨折患者行切开复位内固定。结果23例髌骨粉碎性骨折患者均达到解剖复位,优19例,良3例,可1例,无差级病例。优良率95．65％。结论空心螺钉钢丝环扎加克氏针张力带固定治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折,具有优越的生物力学性能,适应证广泛,固定牢固,可早期行膝关节伸屈功能锻炼,是治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折的理想方法。     

改良张力带内固定与钢丝环扎治疗髌骨骨折对比研究

目的：研究改良张力带内固定与钢丝环扎治疗髌骨骨折的疗效。方法：将98例患者回顾性分为观察组和对照组,每组各49例。前者给予改良张力带内固定术治疗,后者给予钢丝环扎内固定术治疗。结果：观察组总有效率98.0%对照组85.6%。观察组膝盖屈伸活动范围21°～40°者3例、41°～90°者19例、大于90°者27例;对照组小于20°者7例,40°者11例,90°者19例,大于90°者12例。两组患者均无不良反应和术后并发症。结论：改良张力带内固定术和钢丝环扎内固定术都能有效复位髌骨,满足治疗要求,但改良张力带力学性能优越,疗效更佳,疼痛指数更低。     

粗丝线双荷包加双“X”形内固定治疗髌骨骨折

髌骨骨折的发生率约占全身各部骨折的1．65％。目前广泛应用的内固定方法主要有：胥氏改良张力带钢丝、Magnu∞n钢丝、AO张力带钢丝、“8”字张力带钢丝、可吸收张力带等。笔者自1997—2002年对20例髌骨骨折采用双10号丝线双荷包加双“X”字内固定，取得满意疗效，现总结报告     

克氏针张力带内固定和喙锁钢丝环扎内固定治疗肩锁关节脱位的疗效对比

目的 探讨克氏针张力带内固定和喙锁钢丝环扎内固定治疗肩锁关节脱位的疗效差异.方法 将38例新鲜肩锁关节脱位随机分为2组,A组17例用克氏针张力带内固定治疗,B组21例用喙锁钢丝环扎内固定治疗,2组皆对喙锁韧带进行修补.结果 2种方法在手术操作难易方面具有统计学差异(P＜0.05),在肩关节再脱位等并发症发生率方面有明显统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论 喙锁钢丝环扎内固定治疗肩锁关节脱位是一种操作简单、创伤小、术后并发症少且疗效确切的有效方法.     

三种不同内固定方法治疗髌骨骨折疗效分析

目的：比较三种髌骨骨折内固定的疗效。方法：手术治疗髌骨骨折98例，其中20例采用粗丝线环形缝合固定，36例采用克氏针张力带固定，42例采用镍钛聚髌器（NT－PC）固定。结果：粗丝线环形缝合固定组：优7例，良11例，中2例；克氏针张力带固定组：优18例，良16例，中2例，镍钛聚髌器固定组；优39例，良3例。结论：三种不同内固定方法比较结果表明镍钛聚髌器固定效果最好，其优良率达100％。     

A Biomechanical Investigation of a Knotless Tension Band in Medial Malleolar Fracture Models in Composite Sawbones®

The present study introduces a knotless tension band construct and compares its biomechanical behavior with that of a traditional stainless steel tension band construct. Fourth-generation composite tibial Sawbones^® were used in the present study. Fracture models were created to mimic Orthopaedic Trauma Association type 44-B2.2 ankle fractures. A total of 20 specimens were randomized evenly into a stainless steel tension band group (control group); or a knotless tension band group. The fixation constructs were mechanically tested, and the stiffness and failure strengths were calculated. Two failure strengths were determined: the engineering-based failure strength, defined as the greatest tensile load tolerated by the construct; and the clinical failure strength, defined as the force required to displace the fracture by 2 mm. We used 2-tailed independent samples t tests to compare and identify significant differences. The knotless tension band construct was 7.7% stronger and 33.2% stiffer and required a 36.7% greater force to displace the fracture by 2 mm. Independent sample t tests confirmed that differences in mean stiffness (p = .003) and clinical failure strength (p = .003) were statistically significant. Although the mean engineering strength for the knotless group was greater than that for the stainless steel group, this difference was not statistically significant (p = .170). This knotless tension band construct could potentially offer both clinical and biomechanical advantages compared with the current stainless steel standard.     

丝线与钢丝固定治疗髌骨骨折的比较

本组介绍了Magnuson法及横形钻洞丝线固定的方法,并与环形钢丝固定法的疗效做比较.经122例、4～69个月随访,总优率;两种丝线固定法合计66.67%,钢丝环形固定法是32.08%.作者认为丝线固定法好于钢丝环形内固定法;且简单易行,宜于推广.     

Treatment of Patellar Lower Pole Fracture with Modified Titanium Cable Tension Band Plus Patellar Tibial Tunnel Steel “8” Reduction Band

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of modified titanium tension band plus patellar tendon tunnel steel 8 “reduction band” versus titanium cable tension band fixation for the treatment of patellar lower pole fracture. Materials and Methods: 58 patients with lower patella fracture were enrolled in this study, including 30 patients treated with modified titanium cable tension band plus patellar tibial tunnel wire “8” tension band internal fixation (modified group), and 28 patients with titanium cable tension band fixation. All patients were followed up for 9～15 months with an average of 11.6 months. Results: Knee flexion was significantly improved in the modified group than in the titanium cable tension band group (111.33 ± 13 degrees versus 98.21 ± 21.70 degrees, P = 0.004). The fracture healing time showed no significant difference. At the end of the follow-up, the improvement excellent rate was 93.33% in the modified group, and 82.14% in the titanium cable tension band group. Titanium cable tension band internal fixation loosening was found in 2 cases, including 1 case of treatment by two surgeries without loose internal fixation. Conclusions: The modified titanium cable tension band with “8” tension band fixation showed better efficacy for lower patella fractures than titanium cable tension band fixation.     

翻转移位型肱骨外髁骨折116例治疗探讨

自1965～1989年共收治翻转移位型肱骨外髁骨折116例,采用丝线内固定72例,克氏针内固定44例。经1～24年,平均12.5年随访116例,优良率为81.9％。对翻转移位型肱骨外髁骨折不主张手法整复,强调术中解剖对位及维持解剖对位至骨折连接。手术时间越早骨块解剖对位率越高,治疗效果也越好。间断部分切断伸肌群肌筋膜,可保护骨块血供,避免骨块完全游离。     

FiberWire is superior in strength to stainless steel wire for tension band fixation of transverse patellar fractures

Background

The metal implants used to achieve fixation of displaced transverse patellar fractures are associated with implant failure, postoperative pain and a significant re-operation rate. Recent studies have examined braided suture as a possible alternative to stainless steel wire to increase patient satisfaction and decrease re-operation rates, but suture has not demonstrated clearly superior fixation strength. FiberWire^® is a reinforced braided polyblend suture that has demonstrated superior characteristics to the previous sutures studied and has not to our knowledge been examined as a material for tension band fixation of transverse patellar fractures.

Methods

Materials testing was performed on repeated samples of No. 5 FiberWire suture and 18-gauge stainless steel wire. The strength and stiffness of each material was measured. The two materials were then used for tension band fixation on a novel transverse patellar fracture model and tested to failure by three-point bending. The constructs included a single stainless steel wire, a single-strand FiberWire tied with a sliding knot, double-strand FiberWire tied with sliding knots and double-strand FiberWire tied with a Wagoner's Hitch. The fixation strength and stiffness of the constructs were measured.

Findings

Unlike stainless steel, FiberWire maintained its initial stiffness until failure. Furthermore, during three-point-bend testing, double-strand FiberWire was found to have a significantly higher failure load than stainless steel wire when the suture was tied and locked under the tension produced by a modified Wagoner's Hitch.

Interpretation

FiberWire is a potentially superior alternative to stainless steel wire in tension band fixation of transverse patellar fractures.     

Medial malleolar fractures: a biomechanical study of fixation techniques

Fracture fixation of the medial malleolus in rotationally unstable ankle fractures typically results in healing with current fixation methods. However, when failure occurs, pullout of the screws from tension, compression, and rotational forces is predictable. We sought to biomechanically test a relatively new technique of bicortical screw fixation for medial malleoli fractures. Also, the AO group recommends tension-band fixation of small avulsion type fractures of the medial malleolus that are unacceptable for screw fixation. A well-documented complication of this technique is prominent symptomatic implants and secondary surgery for implant removal. Replacing stainless steel 18-gauge wire with FiberWire suture could theoretically decrease symptomatic implants. Therefore, a second goal was to biomechanically compare these 2 tension-band constructs. Using a tibial Sawbones model, 2 bicortical screws were compared with 2 unicortical cancellous screws on a servohydraulic test frame in offset axial, transverse, and tension loading. Second, tension-band fixation using stainless steel wire was compared with FiberWire under tensile loads. Bicortical screw fixation was statistically the stiffest construct under tension loading conditions compared to unicortical screw fixation and tension-band techniques with FiberWire or stainless steel wire. In fact, unicortical screw fixation had only 10% of the stiffness as demonstrated in the bicortical technique. In a direct comparison, tension-band fixation using stainless steel wire was statistically stiffer than the FiberWire construct.     

生物可吸收张力带治疗髌骨骨折

作者采用Biofix可吸收固定棒代克氏针和Biopoly人工韧带代钢丝形成可吸收张力带治疗髌骨骨折共31例,其中28例获随访,随访时间8～24个月,平均15个月。结果:优23例,良3例,可2例。术后未出现骨折再移位,无伤口感染,平均骨折愈合时间为8周。作者认为生物可吸收张力带具有无需二期手术、简单方便的优点,是治疗髌骨骨折较理想的方法之一。     

髌骨骨折的手术方法探讨

目的分析比较改良式张力带内固定与镍钛聚髌器手术治疗髌骨骨折的临床疗效和应用价值。方法回顾性分析收治的髌骨骨折患者84例。随机分为两组,治疗组采用改良式张力带内固定手术治疗;对照组采用镍钛聚髌器固定手术治疗。对两组临床资料和治疗效果进行分析比较。结果治疗组优良率为95.24%;对照组优良率92.86%。临床疗效两者无明显差异,两组术后平均下床时间、术后平均正常行走时间、膝关节达90°平均时间、临床愈合时间无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗组手术时间和二次手术时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05),费用-效用明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论改良式张力带内固定手术治疗髌骨骨折手术简单、操作安全、固定牢靠、创伤小、费用低。值得临床进一步推广。