闭合复位老年肩关节前脱位过程中发生医源性肱骨颈骨折的成因分析和对策

目的分析在闭合复位老年肩关节前脱位的过程中发生医源性肱骨颈骨折的原因并探索避免的方法。 方法对上海市第一人民医院2012年1月至2017年1月在肩关节前脱位复位过程中发生肱骨颈骨折患者的临床资料和影像学特点进行回顾性分析。 结果共5例患者在闭合复位过程中发生肱骨颈骨折,导致肱骨头、颈分离。这些患者的特征：（1）老年女性,低能量损伤,初次肩关节脱位;（2）复位前肩关节正位片：肩关节前脱位伴大结节骨折;（3）肱骨头内移至喙突下方或内侧;（4）均为无麻醉下采取Hippocrates足蹬法复位。 结论闭合复位肩关节前脱位过程中发生肱骨颈骨折的原因与复位前遗漏盂肱关节脱位时伴随的肱骨颈骨折有关。老年肩关节前脱位有其特点,在治疗上应与年轻患者加以区别。对老年初次肩关节前脱位伴大结节骨折的患者应加以特别重视,复位前规范的影像学检查以除外肱骨颈骨折是避免此类医源性并发症的关键。     

手法整复肱骨外科颈骨折合并肩关节前脱位

手法整复肱骨外科颈骨折合并肩关节前脱位哈尔滨市大成医院（１５００１０）夏仲贤，周莉丽，孙巍，孙广肱骨外科颈骨折合并肩关节前脱位是一种少见而又严重的创伤，闭合复位极为困难，我院收治２６例，采用手法整复，小夹板外固定的方法，取得满意的效果，现报告如下临床...     

肩关节前脱位并肱骨外科颈骨折的闭合复位治疗

肩关节前脱位并肱骨外科颈骨折的闭合复位治疗广东省佛山市中医院（５２８０００）陈志维，钟广玲，陈渭良笔者于１９８０～１９９２年采用闭合性手法整复，小夹板固定治疗肩关节前脱位并肱骨外科颈骨折１９例取得较好效果，报告如下。临床资料本组１９例，男８例，女１１...     

俯卧位推按肩胛骨整复肩关节前脱位合并肱骨外髁颈骨折

目的为肩关节前脱位合并肱骨外髁颈骨折寻求新的闭合复位方法.方法本组6例患者,男4例,女2例,平均年龄42.5岁.受伤至整复时间平均3.5 h.俯卧位,一手握拳顶住肱骨头,另一手推按肩胛骨整复,透视下整复肱骨外髁颈骨折,超肩小夹板固定3周,所有病例复位成功.结果本组6例均获随访.采用Neer评定标准,优4例,满意2例,不满意为0.结论肩关节前脱位合并肱骨外髁颈骨折可以采用俯卧位推按肩胛骨获得成功,肩关节功能恢复满意.     

高龄肩关节前脱位合并肱骨解剖颈骨折的治疗

目的探讨肩关节前脱位合并肱骨解剖颈骨折的治疗方法和疗效。方法 20例肩关节前脱位合并肱骨解剖颈骨折患者中,手法复位成功外展架固定3例,切开复位内固定15例,人工肱骨头置换术2例。结果20例均获随访,时间7～22个月。手法复位成功外展架固定3例均有不同程度的关节功能障碍;切开复位锁定解剖钢板固定、术后外展架固定15例中,12例肩关节功能恢复正常,3例肩关节功能轻度受限;2例肱骨头置换术者肩关节功能基本正常。结论肩关节前脱位合并肱骨解剖颈骨折,若无手术禁忌,宜采用切开复位锁定解剖钢板内固定、术后外展架固定,肩关节功能恢复良好。     

肩前屈位牵引下手法复位治疗肩关节前脱位

肩前屈位牵引下手法复位治疗肩关节前脱位广州市黄埔区红十字会医院（５１０７６０）杨晋标笔者用肩前屈位牵引下进行手法复位，治疗肩关节前脱位２５例，功能恢复良好。现小结如下。临床资料２５例中，单纯肩关节前脱位１５例，合并大结节骨折１０例；均为１８～６５岁成...     

肩关节前脱位合并肱骨外科颈骨折的临床治疗探讨

目的　探讨肩关节前脱位合并肱骨外科颈骨折的临床治疗方法和疗效。方法　本组 32例肩关节前脱位合并肱骨外科颈骨折中 ,手法复位成功 8例 ,手术切开复位内固定 2 2例 ,人工肱骨头置换术 2例。对其临床资料进行分析和探讨。结果　随访 30例 ,随访时间 8～ 2 4个月 ,平均 16个月。手法复位成功石膏夹板固定 8例 ,3例肩关节功能恢复正常 ,占 37.5 %。5例均有不同程度的关节功能障碍。手术切开复位钢板固定 ,术后外展架固定 2 0例中 ,14例肩关节功能恢复正常 ,占 70 % ,6例肩关节功能只有轻度受限 ,两组肩关节功能恢复经统计学 (X2 )处理 ,有显著性差异(P<0 .0 5 )、2例肱骨头置换术 ,肩关节功能基本正常。结论　肩关节前脱位合并肱骨外科颈骨折 ,若无手术禁忌 ,手术切开复位钢板内固定 ,术后外展架固定 ,肩关节功能比其他治疗方法效果好。     

肩关节前脱位的外展复位法

外伤性启关节前脱位为骨科临床常见病、多发病。我们于1991年2月～1994年12月用外展复位法治疗肩关节前脱位40例，效果满意，兹报告如下：一般资料本组40例。男性28例，女性12例；年龄以17岁～71岁；伤后来院就诊时间，24小时内30例，25小时至48小时6例，48小时以上4例，最长为74小时；入院前曾在外院或本院行传统手法复位次数，未治疗26例，复位1次失败8例，2次失败5例，3次失败1例；合并肱骨大结节撕脱骨折9例；合并肱骨外科颈骨折1例。治疗前后均有X线片证实。治疗方法与结果患侧肩关节一般不需麻醉或为了减轻疼痛可行血肿内麻醉或臂丛…     

肩关节脱位合并肱骨外科颈骨折：17例临床报告

肩关节脱位合并肱骨外科颈骨折（１７例临床报告）梅炯，马仁治，郭荻萍肩关节脱位合并肱骨外科颈骨折是一种较为复杂的创伤，治疗效果不甚满意，常遗有较严重的肩关节功能障碍。本文报告１７例，多数以闭合复位治疗。１临床资料１．１一般资料本组１７例，１６例为肩关节...     

陈旧性肱骨解剖颈骨折并肩关节前脱位的手术治疗

目的：探讨陈旧性肱骨解剖颈骨折并肩关节前脱位的手术治疗效果。方法：手术切开行肩关节复位、解剖颈复位及螺丝钉固定,肩关节稳定性差者以克氏针固定,术后行康复治疗。结果：随访１８～３６月,未发现肱骨头坏死,肩关节功能大部恢复,肩部活动时痛３例,合神经损伤病例肌力恢复至Ⅳ级。结论：制定细致的手术及康复方案能治愈陈旧性肱骨解剖颈骨折并肩关节前脱位,并获得较好的功能恢复。     

Volar dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the ring finger. Report of two cases.

Volar dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the finger is a rare injury. Two cases of an isolated volar dislocation of the ring finger metacarpophalangeal joint are reported. The dislocation was treated successfully by closed reduction shortly after injury in both cases. Closed reduction should be attempted in all cases of this injury because successful reduction may be possible.     

床旁快速牵引复位在治疗颈椎脱位关节突交锁中的作用

目的探讨床旁快速牵引复位在治疗颈椎关节突脱位交锁中的作用,以期找到快速牵引的适用情况。方法回顾性分析1992年6月～2004年3月颈椎外伤致关节突脱位交锁术前行颅骨牵引快速复位的33例患者的临床资料。双侧关节突脱位交锁21例,单侧关节突交锁12例。常见脱位节段:C4,4 8例、C5,6 15例和C6,7 10例。所有患者均采用床旁颅骨牵引快速复位法,牵引复位成功者均采用颈椎前路间盘切除植骨融合;复位失败者行颈后路切开复位内固定术。结果双侧颈椎关节突脱位交锁者牵引复位成功率为85.7%,单侧颈椎关节突脱位交锁患者牵引复位成功率为16.6%,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。23例患者获平均21.6个月(13～36个月)随访。随访病例中植骨融合者均获骨性愈合,颈椎序列良好。结论床旁颅骨快速牵引复位法适用于双侧颈椎关节突脱位交锁患者;双侧关节突脱位交锁患者可先行颅骨快速牵引复位,复位后行颈前路间盘切除植骨融合术;单侧颈椎关节突脱位交锁患者宜行后路切开复位。     

下颈椎小关节突脱位前路稳定手术疗效分析

目的探讨下颈椎小关节脱位前路融合内固定的临床效果。方法39例新鲜下颈椎小关节脱位患者,首先在透视下行颅骨牵引复位,34例复位成功(87％)。其中32例完成了颈前路减压、植骨内固定,5例未成功者和3例陈旧性脱位,先行后路切开复位,再一期行前路减压、植骨内固定。结果全部患者均获骨性融合,无迟发性不稳和后凸畸形,术前神经功能正常者术后无一例出现神经损害症状,不全瘫患者术后均有不同程度恢复。结论前路减压融合是治疗下颈椎小关节脱位安全、有效的方法,可获良好的生物学稳定。     

Double Dislocation of Interphalangeal Joints Accompanied with Contralateral Shoulder Dislocation: A Case Report

Dislocation of any joint is an orthopaedic emergency and needs immediate attention by the attending physician. A delay in reducing a dislocated joint can lead to disastrous complications both immediately as well as in the long run. Although anterior dislocation of a shoulder joint is by far the commonest dislocation encountered by any emergency care physician, other joints may also get dislocated. In certain cases two joints may get dislocated simultaneously. Such dislocation is known as a double dislocation. Double dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint and the distal interphalangeal joint in the same finger is a rare injury. High impact loading at the fingertip is the primary cause in most cases and it is often associated with younger individuals playing contact sports. The right little finger is the digit commonly involved and this injury is evident in football players more often than not. Although closed reduction is a preferred treatment, it may not be always successful. Time of presentation, tendon interposition, associated swelling and co‐existent phalangeal fractures are certain key impediments to a successful closed reduction manoeuvre. In patients with an open injury, a thorough wash out and appropriate antibiotic cover is mandatory. We report a rare case of double dislocation of the interphalangeal joints accompanied with contralateral shoulder dislocation in an elderly man sustained after a fall which was treated successfully with closed reduction and early mobilization.     

Dislocation of a polished femoral stem following a cemented total hip arthroplasty: a report of 2 cases

We report 2 cases of hip dislocation after a total hip arthroplasty, which could not be successfully reduced by closed method. Post-manipulation radiographs revealed proximal migration of the prosthesis in both cases, which required open reduction. The pathogenesis and treatment of this hip dislocation is discussed.     

Proximal tibiofibular dislocation: a case report and review of literature

An isolated dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint is uncommon. The mechanism of this injury is usually sports related. We present a case where initial X-rays did not show the tibiofibular joint dislocation conclusively. It was diagnosed after comparative bilateral AP X-rays of the knees were obtained. A closed reduction was performed and followed by unrestricted mobilization after 1 week of rest. A review of the literature was conducted on PubMed MEDLINE. Thirty cases of isolated acute proximal tibiofibular joint dislocations were identified in a search from 1974. The most common direction of the dislocation was anterolateral, and common causes were sports injury or high velocity accident related. More than 75 % of the cases were successfully treated by closed reduction. Complaints, if any, at the last follow-up (averaging 10 months, range 0–108) were, in the worst cases, pain during sporting activities. We advise comparative knee X-rays if there is a presentation of lateral knee pain after injury and diagnosis is uncertain. Closed reduction is usually successful if a dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint is diagnosed. There is no standard for after-care, but early mobilization appears safe if there are no other knee injuries.     

创伤性肩关节后脱位的诊断与治疗

目的探讨创伤性肩关节后脱位的诊断方法和治疗效果。方法对2005年5月～2010年10月本院诊治的5例肩关节后脱位进行回顾性研究。5例患者中,本院漏诊1例酒精戒断症状发作后肩关节后脱位,本院及时正确诊断2例,分别为癫痫发作和车祸外伤后肩关节后脱位,外院漏诊2例,分别为车祸和坠落伤。早期正确诊断的2例中,1例行早期闭合复位,1例行切开复位;3例漏诊致陈旧性脱位患者,其中2例行改良McLaughlin手术切开治疗,1例放弃复位治疗。结果随访2～4年（平均32个月）,早期闭合复位的1例UCLA肩关节评分33分,早期正确诊断并行切开复位的1例UCLA肩关节评分31分,漏诊的陈旧性肩关节后脱位中2例手术治疗的UCLA肩关节评分分别为27分和30分,未予复位者UCLA肩关节评分22分,但随访时对结果表示满意。结论临床上对肩关节后脱位缺乏足够认识是造成漏诊的主要原因,早期诊断、早期复位是获得良好肩关节功能的重要保证。     

Preliminary treatment of congenital hip dislocation using physical therapy based on neurophysiology

Adductor tightness is a typical symptom in CDH. In cases of subluxation and complete dislocation even a rigid abduction contracture can occur, preventing reduction and favouring redislocation. The contracture of the hip joint is the result of neurophysiological disorders, which can be treated by an exercise program on a neurophysiological basis. 62 children with 73 severely contracted and 5 hypotonic hip dislocations have been treated by the so-called "Vojta-program" before reduction. In a prospective study over 5 years this kind of treatment has been very successful: the incidence of necrosis of the femoral head could be reduced to 4%, long-lasting traction was not necessary anymore and the rigid hip joints required open reduction only in 2 cases.     

颈椎脱位的闭合复位

1985年5月～1996年3月,我们经治34例单纯颈椎脱位患者,30例行Crutchfield颅骨牵引闭合复位,20例成功,占66.6％。在成功组中,牵引重量最大为18kg,无一例出现神经损害加重。不全瘫均有不同程度恢复。尸体头颅标本测定,Crutchfield颅骨牵引承受的最大抗拨出力为60.3kg,在治疗颈椎脱位时,颅骨牵引是安全有效的闭合复位方法。