Augmentation mentoplasty: A critical analysis

An evaluation of the senior author's mentoplasty technique by use of inorganic silicone and acrylic implants is presented, encompassing 16 years of experience. The evaluation was chiefly concerned with the silicone implant and long-term followup observations of its survival and some of its extrusions and complications.     

Augmentation mentoplasty: a critical analysis

An evaluation of the senior author's mentoplasty technique by use of inorganic silicone and acrylic implants is presented, encompassing 16 years of experience. The evaluation was chiefly concerned with the silicone implant and long-term followup observations of its survival and some of its extrusions and complications.     

自体鼻中隔软骨与膨体聚四氟乙烯假体联合隆鼻术

目的：探讨鼻中隔软骨与膨体聚四氟乙烯（expanded polytetrafluoroethylene,ePTFE）联合隆鼻治疗鼻尖过低、鼻孔显露的手术方法,以减少单纯假体隆鼻术的并发症。方法：采用鼻正中蝶形切口加双侧鼻翼缘切口取鼻中隔软骨,行鼻中隔软骨联合ePTFE加强型补片隆鼻术并治疗鼻尖低平。结果：术后随访1～6年,评价360例就医者手术效果,优157例,占43.6%;良196例,占54.4%;一般7例,占2%;无效果差的病例。结论：应用鼻中隔软骨联合ePTFE在隆鼻术中治疗鼻尖过低、鼻孔显露,可以明显减少单纯假体隆鼻术的并发症,效果理想。     

Multiple osteocartilaginous exostosis

Deformity of the lower extremities in 26 patients with multiple cartilaginous exostosis was examined radiologically. Follow-up periods ranged between 3 and 33 years (mean 10.3 years). Twenty-four patients had deformity of the joints. A femoral neck-shaft angle (FNA) of more than 150° was noted in 14 patients (26 of 51 hip joints) at diagnosis. After approximately 10 years of age, the FNA tended to decrease. Eleven patients (22 of 52 knee joints) had genu valgum (the femorotibial angle < mean –2 SD of normal control) which was caused by valgus deformity of the distal femur in one-third of the patients and that of the proximal tibia in two-thirds. Fifteen of 21 patients (29 of 42 joints) had valgus deformity of the ankle (antero-posterior mortise angle of the ankle > 94^c), and in half of them, the valgus deformity progressed with growth. Two patients (aged 10 and 11 years) underwent varus osteotomy of the tibia with partial excision of the fibula. However, their deformity relapsed. Surgical treatment for hip deformity is unnecessary during the growth stage. Progressive deformity of the knee and ankle should be detected in an early stage, and the surgical indication has to be examined.     

Tracheal reconstruction with autogenous composite nasal septal graft

We describe lateral resection of tracheal tumors and repair of the defect with a composite graft of nasal septal mucosa and cartilage. The preliminary experience with this technique in 3 patients was satisfactory. The procedure can be used for patients who are not candidates for standard resection and end-to-end anastomosis.     

改良颏截骨前徙联合假体置入治疗小颏畸形

目的 介绍一种改良的颏截骨术联合假体置入治疗小颏畸形,使隆颏术后颏部具有更佳的美容效果.方法 选择口内切口入路,采用改良的颏部水平"几"型截骨后前徙内固定术,并联合置入合适假体,达到改善颏部后缩,延长颏突度和颏长度,同时改善颏正中区域外形.结果 采用该方法共治疗11例患者,其中3例行单纯颏截骨前徙术,8例行颏截骨前徙联合假体置入术,术后颏部形态均得到明显改善,患者满意度高.结论 改良颏截骨前徙联合假体置入治疗小颏畸形,可以明显改善患者的面部外观,重新建立颏部美容曲线,效果满意.     

经皮骨移植增强的有限元研究

目的利用腰椎三维有限元模型,探讨松质骨粒(cancellous bone granule,CBG)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethylmethacrylate,PMMA)增强后对治疗节段和相邻非治疗节段椎体生物力学影响。方法 L1～L2的三维功能脊柱单位的有限元模型由脊柱尸体标本CT扫描后形成。分别模拟骨质疏松模型、CBG和PMMA增强,分析轴向压缩、前屈和后伸3种加载状态下手术前后治疗节段和相邻非治疗节段椎体应力和应变的变化。结果在压缩、前屈和后伸3种加载状态下,松质骨粒增强模型强化区最大的Von Mises应力/应变分别为0.457、0.469、0.499 MPa/0.459%、0.471%、0.501%;PMMA增强模型为0.864、0.824、0.966 MPa/0.029%、0.028%、0.033%;骨质疏松模型相应区域为0.237、0.253、0.258 MPa/0.698%、0.752%、0.759%。与骨质疏松模型比较,治疗节段增强区域的应力/应变明显改变。结论 CBG和PMMA均增强治疗节段的总体强度和刚度水平,有利于椎体功能的重建,但就材料力学相容性和生物相容性而言,CBG的增强优于PMMA增强。     

颏水平截骨联合置入假体治疗严重小颏畸形

目的介绍一种治疗严重小颏畸形,重塑颏部外形的有效方法.方法采用口内切口颏部水平截骨前移固定后,再联合利用在颏部置入合适假体的隆颏术,以进一步增加颏突度和颏长度,改善颏部形态.结果共治疗9例,术后患者颏部形态均得到明显改善,重塑的颏部外形符合美学标准,达到患者术前的预期要求.随访6个月至2年,效果稳定满意,无明显并发症出现.结论利用颏水平截骨联合置入假体的颏成形术治疗严重小颏畸形,使重塑的颏部形态达到了美学标准,面部轮廓比例协调,效果显著.     

Augmentation of distal radius fracture fixation with coralline hydroxyapatite bone graft substitute.

We implanted coralline hydroxyapatite bone graft as a substitute for autogenous bone graft to support the reduced articular surface of 21 consecutive patients with distal radius fractures treated with external fixation and K-wires. The purpose of this single-cohort retrospective study was to report the outcomes of treatment with this material, complications associated with its use, and its efficacy in supporting the articular surface reduction. Eighteen patients were available for independent evaluation of motion, subjective outcome analysis, and final radiographic analysis at an average of 35 months after surgery. Wrist motion averaged 90% of the uninjured wrist and grip strength measured 75% of the uninjured side. Results in 17 of the 18 cases were rated as good or excellent by the criteria of Gartland and Werley; 12 by the criteria of Green and O'Brien. Seventeen had good or excellent radiographic results by the modified Lidstrom radiographic scoring system. The average DASH functional/symptom score was 90.3 (maximum, 100). Radiographic parameters were restored to an average of 12 mm radial length, 4 degrees volar tilt, 23 degrees radial inclination, and 0.6 mm positive ulnar variance. Articular reduction was maintained in all patients. A complication related to the use of coral was a 0.5 mm prominence of coralline hydroxyapatite beyond the subchondral line at the radiocarpal joint in 1 patient, which was not present on final radiographs. Coralline hydroxyapatite was effective at maintaining articular surface reduction when used in combination with external fixation and K-wires and had a safety profile comparable to other forms of treatment.     

EPTFE隆鼻与耳软骨移植做支架纠正鼻背低平伴鼻头肥大低垂

目的:探讨耳软骨移植做支架鼻翼软骨缝合,同时EPTFE隆鼻并用,纠正鼻背低平伴鼻头肥大低垂的整形手术方法。方法:设计鼻小柱开放式切口,取自体耳软骨做鼻翼软骨内侧脚间支柱和盾形移植,同时进行鼻翼软骨内侧脚顶部缝合,膨体进行隆鼻。结果:本组患者36例,术后随访3～24个月,全部患者术后鼻部美学效果明显改善,术后效果理想。结论:自体耳软骨做鼻翼软骨内侧脚间支柱和盾形移植,同时鼻翼软骨内侧脚顶缝合,EPTFE隆鼻,是纠正女性鼻背低平伴鼻头肥大低垂的有效手术方法。     

髂骨片移植辅助鼻翼软骨悬吊矫正唇裂鼻畸形

目的探讨一种矫正单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形的有效、可靠方法。方法对61例单侧唇裂鼻畸形患者,采用患侧鼻翼外侧脚基底部颌骨骨膜下皮质骨片贴敷移植,鼻翼软骨内侧脚间植入髂骨皮质骨片,依健侧鼻孔形态,选择鼻翼软骨截断部位和悬吊方式,重建鼻翼软骨肌肉环,术后保持3个月。结果本组61例患者随访3～24个月,56例效果稳定,5例术后出现轻度复发。结论单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形成因复杂,通过颌骨、鼻翼软骨、鼻唇肌肉组织的综合矫治,可有效地改善畸形;稳定牢固地悬吊可增强疗效稳定性、减少畸形的复发率。     

The olecranon bone graft for nasal augmentation

The olecranon bone graft offers an alternative to the cranial bone when autogenous material is preferred in the repair of moderate deficiencies of the nasal dorsum. The predictably thick cortex of the olecranon allow the crafting of a customized implant, and minimal donor site morbidity makes it a safe alternative to the cranial graft.     

Railway graft for internal nasal valve reconstruction

Background

Although many methods have been proposed to restore the internal nasal valve (INV) such as suture techniques, various grafts, upper lateral cartilage folding techniques, and combined techniques, the most popular and effective one remains spreader grafts. The aim of the present study is to propose a new graft design for INV reconstruction and to test the reliability and feasibility of the technique.

Methods

Thirty-two primary septorhinoplasty patients divided in three groups underwent surgery with railway, spreader, and no graft techniques. The functional results were evaluated with the Nasal Obstruction Evaluation Scale (NOSE) scores subjectively.

Results

Significant improvements were observed comparing preoperative and postoperative NOSE scores in railway and spreader grafts groups. However, there was no significant difference in NOSE scores between those groups of patients.

Conclusions

Railway graft is an effective method that can be recommended if septal cartilage is limited for reconstruction of INV. Level of Evidence: Level IV, therapeutic study.     

自体鼻中隔软骨移植鼻背延长术的临床应用

目的 探讨鼻中隔软骨移植治疗鼻孔显露的有效方法.方法 取鼻中隔软骨固定在鼻尖与鼻中隔前缘之间,延长鼻背,减小鼻唇角,同时修整鼻翼,改善鼻孔的形态.伴有鼻梁低平的患者,同期行硅胶假体隆鼻术.结果 本组共156例患者,术后均随访3个月以上,形态满意,其中2例因排异反应取出硅胶假体,6个月后再次置人硅胶假体,效果满意.结论 鼻中隔软骨移植鼻背延长术,其方法简单易行,效果可靠,值得临床推广应用.     

Augmentation of coronary bypass graft flow induced by dipyridamole and its relation to bypass graft patency

To evaluate the effect of dipyridamole on coronary bypass graft flow, 10 mg of dipyridamole was injected intravenously, during the measurement of graft flow, at the time of surgery. Its concentration in serum was measured and compared with that after oral administration. In 50 individual vein grafts performed on 35 patients, graft flow increased from 65 ±37 to 96±55 ml/min (p<0.001) after the dipyridamole injection and the arterial pressure decreased slightly. In 40 grafts whose graft flow was increased by more than 10 ml/min by dipyridamole, the patency rate (at 5 weeks) was 98 per cent, whereas that of the 10 other grafts, which responded poorly, was only 50 per cent (p<0.01). The serum concentration of dipyridamole, 3 minutes after intravenous injection, was 1.46±0.68 μg/ml, while the level of orally administrated dipyridamole, in 3 groups of patients who were given 50 mg, 75 mg and 100 mg, three times a day, respectively, was steady, being 0.68±0.20 μg/ml, 1.43±0.41 μg/ml and 1.73±0.50 μg/ml, 2 hours following ingestion. We concluded that intravenous dipyridamole increases the graft flow and that a better patency is obtained in those grafts in which the graft flow is increased by more than 10 ml/min. It is also expected that routine doses of oral dipyridamole possibly increase the graft flow after coronary bypass surgery. This paper was presented at the Xth World Congress of Cardiology held in Washington DC, USA, September 14–19, 1986