Raptor、Rictor与结直肠癌血管生成的相关性及其临床意义

目的检测Raptor、Rictor与血管生成相关因子HIF-1α、HIF-2α以及VEGF在结直肠癌中的表达,探讨Raptor、Rictor与结直肠癌血管生成的相关性及其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化、Western blot、RT-PCR法检测120例结直肠癌组织及60例正常结直肠黏膜组织中Raptor、Rictor及HIF-1α、HIF-2α、VEGF的表达及其差异;CD34标记微血管密度(microvascular density,MVD);分析各指标间的相关性以及与结直肠癌临床病理特征的关系。结果 Raptor、Rictor、HIF-1α、HIF-2α和VEGF蛋白在结直肠癌中的阳性率均明显高于正常结直肠黏膜组织(P0.05)。Raptor、Rictor在中、低分化结直肠癌中的表达高于高分化结直肠癌(P0.05),同时在淋巴结转移组的表达高于无淋巴结转移组(P0.05);HIF-1α、HIF-2α和VEGF在淋巴结转移组的表达高于无淋巴结转移组(P0.05);Raptor、Rictor阳性的结直肠癌组织中MVD明显高于Raptor、Rictor阴性的结直肠癌组织(P0.05);Raptor与HIF-1α、VEGF在结直肠癌中表达呈正相关(P0.01),Rictor与HIF-2α、VEGF表达呈正相关(P0.01),Raptor与Rictor在结直肠癌中表达呈负相关(P0.01)。结论 m TOR核心分子Raptor、Rictor与结直肠癌的发生、发展及血管生成密切相关,两者以不同途径协同促进结直肠癌的血管生成。     

结直肠腺癌中HIF-1α、VEGF的表达及其相关性

目的 探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在结直肠正常组织、腺瘤及腺癌组织中的表达及其之间的相关性.方法 采用免疫组织化学SP法检测64例原发性结直肠腺癌、20例腺瘤及20例正常结直肠组织中HIF-1α、VEGF蛋白的表达,分析其与临床病理特征之间的关系.结果 结直肠正常组织、腺瘤及腺癌组织中HIF-1α的阳性表达率分别为15%、25%和51.6%,正常组织与腺瘤之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),正常组织与腺癌、腺瘤与腺癌之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);VEGF在正常组织、腺瘤及腺癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为20%、30%和62.6%,VEGF在正常组织与腺瘤之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),正常组织与腺癌、腺瘤与腺癌之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).HIF-1α与结直肠腺癌Dukes分期、浸润深度、淋巴结转移及组织学分级明显相关(P<0.05);VEGF的表达与Dukes分期及淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05),与浸润深度及组织学分级无关(P>0.05).HIF-1α与VEGF的表达呈显著正相关(r=0.577,P<0.01).结论 HIF-1α及VEGF蛋白可以作为检测结直肠腺瘤癌变的指标,HIF-1α及VEGF蛋白的高表达可能在结直肠癌侵袭转移过程中发挥重要作用.     

VEGF、HIF-1α在乳腺癌患者组织中的表达及临床意义

目的:分析血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、缺氧诱导因子-1α(Hypoxia inducible factor-1 α,HIF-1α)在乳腺癌患者组织中的表达及临床意义.方法:收集2018年9月至2021年3月于本院经病理组织确诊的78例乳腺癌患者组织标本及其癌旁正常乳腺组织标本资料.采用免疫组织化学染色法检测病灶组织及癌旁正常乳腺组织中VEGF、HIF-1α蛋白表达情况,记录患者临床特征.对比乳腺癌患者的病灶组织与癌旁正常乳腺组织中VEGF、HIF-1α蛋白阳性表达率;分析对比不同临床特征的乳腺癌患者病灶组织中VEGF、HIF-1α蛋白阳性表达情况;病灶组织中VEGF、HIF-1 α蛋白阳性表达对乳腺癌患者淋巴结转移的评估价值.结果:病灶组织中VEGF、HIF-1α蛋白阳性表达率均高于癌旁正常乳腺组织(P＜0.05);有淋巴结转移的患者病灶组织中VEGF、HIF-1α蛋白阳性表达率高于无淋巴结转移的患者(P＜0.05);病灶组织中VEGF、HIF-1α蛋白对乳腺癌患者淋巴结转移评估价值的AUC分别为0.723、0.727,均有一定评估价值.结论:VEGF、HIF-1α蛋白在乳腺癌组织中阳性表达率较高,检测病灶组织中VEGF、HIF-1α蛋白阳性表达有助于评估患者淋巴结转移情况     

SDF-1/CXCR4及VEGF在结直肠腺癌中的表达及其意义

目的:研究VEGF、SDF-1及CXCR4在结直肠腺癌中的表达及其与临床病理学参数之间的相关性;探讨SDF-1/CXCR4轴与VEGF在结直肠腺癌发生发展浸润转移中的作用。方法:利用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-q PCR)法及免疫组织化学SP法检测80例结直肠腺癌及其对应癌旁组织中SDF-1、CXCR4和VEGF mRNA及蛋白的表达。结果:在mRNA水平上,结直肠癌组中SDF-1、CXCR4、VEGF的表达显著高于对应的癌旁组织。免疫组化结果显示,肿瘤中c蛋白表达阳性率分别为78.7%、60%和66.3%高于对应癌旁组织的37.5%、42.5%和28.8%,差异显著(P0.05);结直肠癌中SDF-1表达水平与肿瘤细胞淋巴结转移、远处转移及TNM分期密切相关(P0.05),与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤的大小、浸润深度等无关;CXCR4的表达与患者的淋巴结转移及TNM分期密切相关;SDF-1的表达与CXCR4及VEGF的表达成显著正相关。结论:SDF-1/CXCR4及VEGF在结直肠癌组织中高表达,并且与肿瘤生物学行为密切相关,提示其在肿瘤的发生发展浸润转移过程中发挥重要作用。     

HER-2、HIF-1a、GLUT-1及VEGF表达在乳腺浸润性导管癌淋巴结转移中作用

目的 研究人表皮生长因子2(HER-2)与乏氧诱导因子1a(HIF-1a)、葡萄糖转运蛋白1(GLUT-1)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达,探讨它们在乳腺浸润性导管癌淋巴结转移中的作用.方法 应用免疫组化SP法检测80例乳腺浸润性导管癌(腋淋巴结转移者36例、无腋淋巴结转移者44例)的HER-2、HIF-1a、GLUT-1及VEGF的表达情况,统计分析HER-2、HIF-1a、GLUT-1及VEGF与乳腺浸润性导管癌淋巴结转移的作用及其相关性.结果 HER-2、HIF-1a、GLUT-1及VEGF在乳腺浸润性导管癌腋淋巴结转移组比无腋淋巴结转移组明显高表达(P<0.05);HER-2与HIF-1a的表达呈正相关(r=0.411,P=0.000);HIF-1a与GLUT-1的表达呈正相关(r=0.389,P=0.000);HIF-1a与VEGF的表达呈正相关(r=0.425,P=0.000).结论 HER-2、HIF-1a、GLUT-1及VEGF在乳腺浸润性导管癌淋巴结转移中发挥重要作用,HER-2可能通过HIF-1a对GLUT-1、VEGF进行调控.     

人核糖体蛋白S15a在胃腺癌中的表达

目的:研究RPS15a在胃腺癌中的表达及意义。方法:免疫组化方法检测RPS15a在100例胃腺癌及癌旁组织中的表达。结果:胃腺癌中RPS15a蛋白阳性率为78.0%(78/100),癌旁组织中RPS15a蛋白阳性率为44.0%(44/100)。RPS15a蛋白在胃腺癌组织中表达明显高于癌旁组织(P<0.05),且与胃腺癌组织浆膜浸润、淋巴结转移有明显相关性(P<0.05)。结论:RPS15a可能在胃腺癌发生、发展中起重要作用。     

结直肠癌中miR-21的表达及其临床病理学意义

目的 探讨结直肠癌组织中miR-21的表达及其临床病理学意义.方法 采用TaqMan实时定量RT-PCR法检测43例结直肠癌组织及其癌旁正常组织中miR-21的表达,分析miR-21的表达与结直肠癌临床病理因素之间的关系.结果 miR-21在结直肠癌组织中的表达明显高于癌旁正常组织(P<0.05),结直肠癌组织中miR-21的表达与肿瘤病理学分级、淋巴结转移及术后生存率密切相关(P<0.05),与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤部位等无明显相关性(P>0.05).结论 miR-21在结直肠癌中表达升高,miR-21高表达同结直肠癌病理学分级、淋巴结转移及术后生存率密切相关,miR-21可能在大肠癌的发生、发展过程中发挥重要作用.     

结直肠癌Stat3表达与细胞增殖、凋亡及预后的关系

目的探讨结直肠癌Stat3蛋白表达与细胞增殖、凋亡、临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学及DNA末端标记(TUNEL)技术分别检测129例结直肠癌及癌旁组织芯片中Stat3、Cyclin D1蛋白表达及凋亡指数(AI),分析Stat3表达与临床病理特征和预后的关系及其与增殖、凋亡之间的相关性。结果结直肠癌组织中Stat3、Cyclin D1阳性表达率分别为67.4%和79.8%,均高于癌旁组织的43.4%和5.4%(P0.05),结直肠癌组织AI(5.62)低于癌旁(7.86)(P0.05)。Stat3的表达与结直肠癌的Dukes分期、淋巴结转移、肿瘤发生部位明显相关(P0.05)。结直肠癌组织中Stat3和Cyclin D1的表达呈正相关(P0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示Stat3、Dukes分期、淋巴结转移及凋亡指数与生存期相关(P0.05);Cox回归分析显示Dukes分期为独立的风险预后因子。结论 Stat3可能参与了结直肠癌的发生发展,检测Stat3可作为评估结直肠癌患者预后及淋巴结转移的指标。     

AQP-1和AQP-5在结直肠癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:检测水通道蛋白-1,5(AQP-1,5)在结直肠癌组织中的表达情况,分析其在大肠癌发病中的临床意义。方法:采用免疫组织化学的方法检测确诊为结直肠癌的80患者癌组织及80例癌旁正常组织中AQP-1及AQP-5的表达情况。结果:AQP-1及AQP5在结直肠癌组织表达丰富(分别为68.75%及60%),高于癌旁正常组织的表达(38.75%及16.25%),两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。AQP-1及AQP-5的表达与肿瘤的浸润深度、淋巴结转移及分化程度相关(P<0.05)。结论:AQP-1及AQP-5在结直肠癌组织中高表达,其在结直肠癌的发生、发展及转移过程中可能起重要作用。     

结直肠癌中PHLPP2、PTEN与p-Akt1表达的相关性及其临床意义

目的检测PHLPP2、PTEN与p-Akt1及其下游分子VEGF、BCL-2及Cyclin D1在结直肠癌中的表达,探讨蛋白表达的相关性及其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化En Vision法和RT-PCR法检测结直肠癌及正常结直肠黏膜组织中PHLPP2、PTEN、p-Akt1、VEGF、BCL-2及Cyclin D1的表达,并分析蛋白表达与临床病理特征及预后的相关性。结果结直肠癌组织中PHLPP2和PTEN阳性率低于正常结直肠黏膜组织;p-Akt1、VEGF、BCL-2及Cyclin D1在结直肠癌组织中的阳性率明显高于正常结直肠黏膜组织(P0.05)。结直肠癌中PHLPP2与p-Akt1、VEGF、BCL-2、Cyclin D1表达均呈负相关(P0.05)。PHLPP2、PTEN均阳性的结直肠癌组织中p-Akt1阳性率明显低于其他组;PHLPP2、PTEN均阴性结直肠癌组中p-Akt1阳性率明显高于其他分组(P0.05)。PHLPP2、PTEN蛋白表达水平与分化程度及淋巴结转移具有相关性;p-Akt1蛋白表达水平与分化程度、浸润深度和淋巴结转移密切相关(P0.05)。Kaplan-Meier分析显示,PHLPP2、PTEN、p-Akt1与结直肠癌患者预后相关。Cox回归模型分析显示,PHLPP2、PTEN、p-Akt1、分化程度及淋巴结转移是结直肠癌预后的独立危险因素。结论 PHLPP2与PTEN做为抑癌基因共同影响Akt1磷酸化,PHLPP2在结直肠癌中表达缺失与肿瘤的发生、发展及转移密切相关,可作为评估结直肠癌患者预后的潜在分子标志物。     

Rates of oxygen consumption and of anaerobic glycolysis in renal cortex and medulla of adult and new-born rats and guinea-pigs

1. Rates of oxygen uptake and of anaerobic glycolysis were estimated in slices from the renal cortex and medulla (a) of adult rats and guinea-pigs, (b) of new-born (1-, 5- and 21-day-old) rats and of guinea-pigs of 1, 12, 21, 24 and 120 hr age.2. In the adult rat, Q(O2) values for the cortex were 12.55 +/- 0.20 (22) and for the medulla: 8.56 +/- 0.17 (22) mul./hr.mg dry weight, while in the new-born rat (24 hr old) they were 10.99 +/- 0.46 (12) and 9.33 +/- 0.18 (9) mul./hr.mg dry weight respectively.3. Values for Q(CO2) (N2) (anaerobic glycolysis) in the 14 hr old new-born rat were in the renal cortex 9.65 +/- 0.35 (5) and in the medulla 7.39 +/- 0.43 (5) mul./hr.mg dry weight; while in the adult they were 2.25 +/- 0.08 (16) and 5.76 +/- 0.14 (16) mul./hr.mg dry weight, respectively.4. In the adult guinea-pig values for Q(CO2) (N2) were of the same order as in the adult rat, though the rate of O(2) uptake was for the cortex 8.12 +/- 0.22 (12) and for the medulla 5.02 +/- 0.23 (11) mul./hr.mg dry weight.5. Though the Q(O2) values in the renal cortex and medulla were smaller in the 1 hr old new-born guinea-pig, they were already increasing in the 12 hr old neonate.6. The results are discussed in the light of enzyme changes occurring during the process of maturation of the nephron as indicated by histochemical observations.     

Timing and intensity of early fevers and the development of allergies and asthma

BACKGROUND: Early childhood fevers appear to protect against later allergies and asthma. What is not known is the time in which fevers exert this effect and whether the degree of temperature increase is important. OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine the relationship between the time and degree of early fevers and later allergies and asthma. METHODS: Eight hundred thirty-five children from southeast Michigan were enrolled at birth. Clinic records from their first 2 years were abstracted for episodes of fever. At age 6 to 7 years, children underwent allergy testing. We examined fevers occurring within 6-month intervals in the first 2 years of life and outcomes at age 6 to 7 years. The primary outcome measures were allergic sensitization, asthma, asthma with allergic sensitization, and asthma without allergic sensitization. RESULTS: In the unadjusted analysis each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months of age was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.54-0.93) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.90) at age 6 to 7 years. Likewise, every 1 degrees C increase in the maximum temperature between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61-0.96) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.94). After adjusting for potential confounders, each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower likelihood of asthma with allergic sensitization (adjusted OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11-0.94) at age 6 to 7 years. CONCLUSIONS: Both the timing and intensity of childhood fevers appear to be important factors in the development of allergies and asthma.     

Modes of reinforcement and gender and culture of experimenter and subject: effects of "alien" and external reinforcement for Japanese and American men and women

In this study, we examined external and "alien" reinforcement (ER and AR. respectively) as a factor in social learning, and studied the combined effects of culture and reinforcement mode. A female (Experiment 1) and a male (Experiment 2) experimenters conducted experimental sessions. Both men and women, who grew up in the same culture as the experimenter, participated and performed the experimental task. A three-way interaction effect of experimenter gender, culture, and reinforcement mode was found on task performance. And the effect was more pronounced for a Japanese experimenter. A female and a male experimenters conducted Experiments 3 and 4, respectively; however participants this time were men and women who grew up in different cultures than the experimenter. Results indicated that the pattern of the subject gender and reinforcement mode interaction effect, when the experimenter was Japanese with American subjects, was exactly opposite to that when the experimenter was American. These experiments showed that AR was as effective for social learning as ER, and that the cultural backgrounds of experimenter and subject influenced AR and ER effectiveness.     

纳米水平分子成像与诊疗一体化研究进展与挑战

分子成像能以非侵入性的方式重现活体细胞的生理功能和生物学过程,提高疾病的早期和特异性诊断水平。纳米颗粒/材料具有物理性质可控性高、易于表面修饰、血液循环时间长和可功能化等优点,在疾病诊断与治疗中显示出巨大潜力。但如何阐明纳米材料多功能间的内在联系、解决其代谢及安全性等关键机制难题、实现纳米颗粒/材料多功能性到临床多功能...