LIPOFUSCIN PRODUCTION DURING TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION

Lipofuscin, a product of peroxidative free radical damage, may develop during prolonged total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Its presence suggests inadequate levels of antioxidants such as vitamin E and selenium.     

TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN

Total parenteral nutrition in infants and children can deliver enough energy and nutrients (macro and micro) to render their nutritional status normal and to supply requirements for growth.     

FUEL MIXTURES FOR CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS GIVEN TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION

A wide range of fuel mixtures in intravenous regimens, from pure glucose to 75 percent lipid emulsion, is capable of maintaining protein equilibrium in sick patients requiring ventilatory support. What should be used?     

TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION AND CROHN'S DISEASE

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) produced subjective and objective improvement in eight patients with Crohn's disease. TPN is useful in treating nutritional disorders caused by the disease and/or other treatment programs. Hypophosphatemia is a serious complication of TPN therapy requiring prompt attention.     

全营养素混合液(TNA)在肠外营养的应用

脂肪乳剂、葡萄糖、氨基酸、电解质、维生素及微量元素按一定程序混合配成10种全营养素混合液。在4℃14天贮存期内,10种混合液的pH和渗透压变化不大,不同混合液在不同时期的脂粒平均直径变化为0.3135±0.1012μm～0.4813±0.1893μm,94.93％脂粒的直径<0.6μm,无直径>6μm的脂粒,细菌培养阴性。74例共输全营养素混合液1,796次,无不良临床反应和异常实验室检查结果;用1周以上者大都显示氮平衡改善,用2周以上者血清转铁蛋白和白蛋白浓度可有不同程度升高。     

肠内与肠外营养对住院患者营养状况影响的研究

目的:比较肠内营养(EN)与肠外营养(PN)对住院患者营养状况的影响。方法:回顾性调查并比较北京和上海6所综合性医院的胃肠外科、心胸外科、消化内科、呼吸内科、神经内科、神经外科和重症监护病房接受EN或PN的1142例住院患者在营养支持前后体重(BW)、血红蛋白(Hb)和血清白蛋白(sALB)的变化。结果:两组BW、Hb及sALB在营养支持后均显著降低,EN组BW和sALB的下降差值显著低于PN组(BW:-1.58±2.36kgvs-2.09±2.66kg,P<0.002;sALB:-2.10±4.13g/Lvs-3.03±4.04g/L,P<0.001),而Hb的变化没有显著性意义。EN组低体重指数(BMI)和低白蛋白血症的患病率在支持后较PN组显著地降低(低体重指数:11.63%vs17.90%,P<0.01;低白蛋白血症:20.51%vs26.24%,P<0.01)。贫血的患病率在EN或PN后均增高,两组间差异无显著性意义。结论:与PN比较,EN在减少体重丢失和减少血清白蛋白降低方面,以及在改善住院患者营养不良患病率方面疗效基本一致或稍好。     

全胃肠外营养不合理处方分析

目的通过分析我院全胃肠外营养液(TPN)存在的不合理用药情况,总结我院TPN使用主要存在问题,为临床合理应用TPN提供参考。方法对我院静脉用药调配中心2010年5月～2012年4月TPN处方进行统计,并对其中不合理处方进行分析。结果我院TPN处方中的不合理用药主要有无适应证用药、处方组成不合理、电解质浓度超过TPN稳定性要求、用法用量等不合理现象。结论我院部分TPN的开具存在有不合理应用的现象,需进一步采取相应措施,提高TPN合理应用水平,以保证患者用药安全。     

SUPPLEMENTATION OF TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION SOLUTIO WITH FERROUS CITRATE

Not all iron salts are suitable for delivering iron to patients on total parenteral nutrition. New data show ferrous citrate as a promising form of iron for TPN.