老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术306例分析

目的 :探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗老年人胆囊良性病变的疗效。方法 :回顾分析 30 6例老年患者胆囊切除术的临床资料。结果 :30 6例中 ,慢性胆石性胆囊炎 2 73例 ,急性胆囊炎 6例 ,胆囊息肉 2 3例 ,其他 4例。治愈 2 97例 (97.0 6 %) ,9例发生并发症 (2 .94 %) ,无 1例死亡。结论 :只要选择好适应证和禁忌证 ,术前充分准备 ,术中术后严密监护 ,老年患者也能安全度过手术。     

17例腹腔镜胆囊切除术胆管损伤的处理及预防

胆管损伤是腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）的严重并发症之一,临床处理较为棘手。我院2000年1月至2008年6月共行腹腔镜胆囊切除术3272例．发生胆管损伤17例（0．52％）。现对我院收治的17例LC胆管损伤原因进行分析,并就其处理方法与预防措施展开讨论。     

老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术412例

目的 :总结老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC)的经验 ,并探讨预防和减少老年人LC并发症的方法。方法 :在全麻和CO2 气腹状态下 ,老年人 4 12例行LC术 ,中转剖腹手术 5例 ,行胆囊大部分切除 6例 ,5例术中经胆囊管胆道造影。结果 :全组LC手术成功率 98 8% ,中转剖腹手术 5例 ,无严重的手术并发症 ,及死亡病例。结论 :老年人常伴有其他慢性器官疾病 ,手术耐受性较差 ,LC围手术期危险性明显增高 ,应严格选择手术适应证 ,针对不同的伴随疾病采取相应的措施 ,术中应相对放宽中转开腹的指征 ,是预防和减少并发症的关键。     

老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除56例诊治体会

目的总结老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）的经验与体会。方法回顾性分析56例60岁以上的LC病人的临床资料。结果完成LC 49例,中转开腹7例,未发生严重胆管损伤等并发症。结论老年人良性胆囊疾病行LC术是安全可行的,但应严格掌握适应证,加强围术期监护,有效处理合并症及并发症。     

老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术2335例报告

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy，LC）治疗老年患者胆囊良性疾病的价值。方法1992年12月～2005年5月对2335例老年患者（60～88岁，平均68．7岁）胆囊良性疾病采用三孔法或四孔法LC。结果发现Mifizzi综合征5例，将胆囊大部切除；18例胆囊三角呈冰冻样改变，解剖不清，无法完整切除胆囊，将胆囊前壁切除，电凝器烧灼后壁黏膜。余2312例均顺利完成LC，无中转开腹手术。手术时间8～55min，平均19min；术中出血量1—50ml，平均8ml。置腹腔引流管213例，其中置双套管引流56例。住院4—16d，平均6d。1859例术后随访10d～13年，无胆管狭窄及残余小胆囊，无胆总管残余结石。结论做好围手术期处理，控制好合并症，尽量缩短手术时间，可减少体内CO2的吸收，LC对老年患者是安全可行的，是首选的手术治疗方案。     

老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术临床分析

随着人口的老年化 ,胆囊疾病患者中老年人比例增加 ,由于老年患者常伴有心肺疾患 ,影响其对气腹的耐受性 ,故老年患者是否适于行腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (laparoscopiccholecystec tomy ,LC)仍有争论。本研究对比分析我们 2 0 0 0年施行LC的老年患者与非老年患者的临床资料 ,探讨老年胆囊疾病患者行LC的安全性。临床资料一、一般资料我们 2 0 0 0年施行LC 15 32例 ,其中 65岁及 65岁以上老年组 196例 ,65岁以下非老年组 1336例。老年组男 73例 ,女12 3例 ,最大年龄 85岁 ,平均 68.78岁 ,病程 1～ 480个月 ,平均83.3个月。非老年组男 463例 ,女…     

老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术安全因素探讨

目的 :探讨保证老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术安全需采取的对策。方法 :回顾 85例老年人行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床资料。。结果 :术中逆行胆囊切除 2例。中转开腹 6例 ,其中 4例胆囊三角区严重粘连解剖不清 ,2例术中大出血。肝下放置引流 15例。术后腹腔积液 2例 ,肺部感染 1例 ,右上腹剧痛 2例 ,均经保守治疗治愈。住院 5～ 14d ,平均 7 5d。结论 :术前充分准备 ,严格掌握手术适应证 ,熟练掌握手术操作技能 ,可提高老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除的安全性     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎的效果及可行性。方法:对行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的68例急性胆囊炎患者的资料进行回顾性分析。结果:手术时间28~100 min,平均43 min,术中出血20~280 mL,平均78 mL。所有患者均未发生并发症,无中转手术者。结论:急性胆囊炎腹腔镜下胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎是安全可行的。     

老年人复杂的腹腔镜胆囊切除术

为探讨基层医院对老年人复杂的腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC)的可行性及处理方法 ,笔者回顾分析 3年间 2 58例老年人复杂的LC的临床资料。其中有并存症者 1 2 2例 ,腹部手术史 63例 ,肥胖者 (体重>75kg) 2 6例。急性胆囊炎 92例 ,慢性萎缩性胆囊炎 86例 ,胆囊周围广泛粘连 2 4例 ,胆囊三角冰冻粘连 1 8例。 2 52例LC获成功 ,6例中转开腹。术后 1例因迟发性胆漏行再次手术 ;术后 5例并发肺部感染 ,2例腹壁皮下气肿 ,均治愈。提示只要做好围手术期处理 ,并由具有丰富经验的腹腔镜手术医生施行手术 ,复杂的难度大的LC对于老年患者仍是安全可行的     

复杂性胆囊三角的腹腔镜处理

笔者在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中对60例复杂性胆囊三角患者通过采用不同的方法处理取得满意结果。该组除8例中转开腹外，其余52例（87.7%）手术成功。精细处理胆囊三角，注重手术技巧是手术成功的关键。     

Role of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the early management of acute gallbladder disease

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the role of laparoscopic surgery in the early management of acute gallbladder disease in a single large UK teaching hospital. METHODS: Details of all emergency admissions for acute gallbladder disease from January 2000 to December 2001 were identified and additional information from the hospital records was reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Three hundred and eighty-five patients with gallstone disease (243 acute biliary pain, 142 acute cholecystitis) and 15 with acalculous disease were identified. The conversion rate was higher during early laparoscopic surgery for acute calculous cholecystitis than in operations for acute biliary pain (19 versus 4 per cent; P = 0.002). In patients with acute calculous cholecystitis the conversion rate was significantly lower in operations within 48 h of admission (one of 26) than when surgery was delayed beyond 48 h (14 of 52) or subsequently carried out electively (seven of 21) (P = 0.014). Elective surgery for previous acute cholecystitis was associated with a higher conversion rate (seven of 21 patients) than elective surgery for biliary pain (three of 65) (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis should be performed, where possible, within the first 48 h of admission.     

Symptomatic gallbladder agenesis in an elderly woman: Diagnosis and management dilemma

Gallbladder agenesis is an uncommon clinical entity where there is an isolated congenital absence of the gallbladder and the cystic duct. It is usually asymptomatic and many are not detected. There is, however, increasing diagnosis on account of available new imaging techniques. The symptomatic group typically presents with right upper quadrant pain of biliary colic, nausea and vomiting and obstructive jaundice. I report a case of an elderly woman presenting for the first time with agenesis of the gallbladder and painful obstructive jaundice.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术病人的体位改进

将 90例腹腔镜胆囊切除术病人随机分为对照组和观察组各 45例 ,对照组术中采用常规体位 ,观察组采用床头 (上半身 )抬高 30°,右侧高左侧低 (手术床侧斜 30°) ,膝关节处垫一小软枕的体位。结果观察组体位改变后静脉压 ( 30 .0± 4.0 )cmH2 O ,对照组 ( 39.8± 3 .3)cmH2 O ,两组比较 ,差异有极显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1)。提示腹腔镜胆囊切除术病人采取上半身抬高 30° ,有利于下肢静脉血回流 ,减少下肢静脉瘀滞、血栓形成等并发症。     

A 30-year review of the management of gallbladder disease at a children's hospital

Fifty-eight patients between the ages of six weeks and 20 years had cholecystectomies during a 30-year period at Children's Hospital of Los Angeles. There were 29 females and 29 males. Twenty patients had associated hemolytic disease and nine had associated anatomical lesions. Abdominal pain was the most common complaint, and right upper quadrant abdominal tenderness was the most frequent physical finding. Radiologic studies aided diagnosis in 41 patients. Cholecystectomy was accomplished in all patients, and common duct exploration was performed in 13. Stones were present in 45 patients, and common duct stones were present in six.     

Systematic review of management of gallbladder disease in patients undergoing minimally invasive bariatric surgery

The introduction and subsequent widespread adaptation of minimally invasive approaches for bariatric surgery have not only changed the outcomes of bariatric surgery but also called into question the management of co-morbid surgical conditions, in particular gallbladder disease. The American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Foregut Committee performed a systematic review of the published literature from 1995–2018 on management of gallbladder disease in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The papers reviewed generated the following results. (1) Routine prophylactic cholecystectomy at the time of bariatric surgery is not recommended. (2) In symptomatic patients who are undergoing bariatric surgery, concomitant cholecystectomy is acceptable and safe. (3) Ursodeoxycholic acid may be considered for gallstone formation prophylaxis during the period of rapid weight loss. (4) Routine preoperative screening and postoperative surveillance ultrasound is not recommended in asymptomatic patients. In the era of minimally invasive surgery, the management of gallbladder disease in patients undergoing bariatric surgery continues to evolve.