EGF、bFGF对兔自体穿透角膜移植伤口愈合的影响

目的 观察表皮生长因子（EGF）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）对自体家兔穿透性角膜移植（PKP）术后伤口愈合的影响。方法 利用家兔自体穿透性角膜移植模型,采用测量伤口愈合强度、液闪计数、AgNORs染色、VG染色和电镜等方法,观察家兔PKP术后伤口愈合情况。结果 （1）EGF、bFGF、EGF bFGF点眼均能增加伤口所能承受的极限压力和∧3H-TdR的掺入率。（2）bFGF和EGF bFGF点眼能刺激伤口处成纤维细胞及其所分泌的胶原纤维呈比较规则的排列。结论 （1）EGF、bFGF、EGF bFGF点眼均能增加PKP术后伤口愈合的强度,增加伤口愈合时DNA的合成。（2）术后14d以后EGF和bFGF联合点眼对伤口愈合的促进作用仅相当于单独用bFGF点眼的水平。（3）bFGF能提高PKP术后伤口愈合的质量。     

自体同侧旋转式穿透性角膜移植术:一种预防Peter异常症中严重不可逆弱视的早期手术方法(德)

目的:预防患有Peter异常症的婴儿中不可逆弱视是一项医学挑战。在一些角膜中央浑浊的病例中,眼的光学性虹膜切除术并不能形成清晰的视轴区。同种异体全层角膜移植术作为早期手术操作,已经因高危不可逆性植片失败的发生而呈现极差的治疗效果。本文报道了对1例患有Peter异常症的8周婴儿行自体同侧旋转式穿透性角膜移植术。病例:为预防不可逆性弱视,对1例患有Peter异常症的8周婴儿实施自体同侧旋转式穿透性角膜移植术。结果:经过8个月的随访,看到视轴区植片透明,并在伤口愈合过程中无任何并发症。角膜移植术后2个月拆除了单根缝线。术后散光…     

转化生长因子—β1对角膜移植术后外周淋巴细胞亚群的影响

目的：研究TGF－β1对全层角膜移植术后外周淋巴细胞亚群CD4，CD8活化的影响，来阐明TGF－β1的免疫抑制作用机制，为治疗角膜移植排异反应提供理论证据。方法：采用CD4，CD8免疫荧光光标记及流式细胞仪检测技术，对同种异体大鼠角膜移植术后不同时时期外周血中CD4^ 、CD8^ 的表达进行分析。结果：TGF－β1组角膜移植术后7、14、28d CD4^ 活化率明显低于阳性对照组，自体对照组及地塞米松组。结论：角膜移植术后应用外源性TGF－β1治疗，可抑制特异性抗原介导的，以及非特异性炎症介导的移植排异反应。     

穿透性角膜移植术后内皮创伤愈合的形态学定量研究

20只家兔角膜分为正常、异体穿透性角膜移植术后2周、1、2、3个月各4只,共5组,用扫描电镜观察、拍摄伤口部位内皮细胞并利用电子计算机图象分析系统测得细胞面积、周长、密度、形状系数、最大长径,面积变异系数等形态计量学指标。结果显示:术后早期内皮细胞的形态和密度与术前有明显差异;随着术后时间的推移,其形态和密度又向正常恢复,但进程缓慢;直到术后3个月仍有部分形态学指标与正常存在差异。     

冷冻保存异体神经移植实验研究

目的：寻求异体神经移植修复周围神经缺损的可能性。方法：用－３０℃保存６０天的同种异体神经桥接大鼠坐骨神经１５ｍｍ缺损；术后进行神经传导速度检测，神经功能恢复检查及组织学观察。结果：异体神经移植与自体神经移植比较，在早期有非常显著的差异性，随着恢复期延长，其差异性逐渐缩小，到６个月时已无明显差别。结论：认为用冷冻保存的异体神经移植修复周围神经缺损是有效的方法。     

自体与同种异体骨-髌腱-骨移植重建前交叉韧带早期MRI的对比观察

目的比校自体与同种异体骨-髌腱-骨(B-PT-B)移植之间存在的差异。方法按病例入选标准选出重建ACL患者50例,其中A组20例采用自体B-PT-B移植,B组30例采用同种异体B-PT-B移植,术后1周与术后1.5,3,6,9,12,15,18个月进行膝关节斜矢状位与斜冠状位及胫骨骨隧道斜轴状MRI扫描检查,观测移植物和胫骨骨隧道的演变过程。结果MRI动态观察,自体B-PT-B在体内重塑形的过程需12个月,而同种异体B-PT-B需15-18个月。移植骨瓣与骨隧道之间产生骨性愈合的时间自体组在术后3-6个月,同种异体组在术后6-12个月。术后两组各时限均有胫骨骨隧道扩大现象出现,其主要发生部位在胫骨骨隧道内口附近;其骨隧道扩大程度两组各时限均无统计学差异(均P>0.05);与术后3,6,9个月比较,两组胫骨骨隧道扩大程度均以术后6周最为显著(均P<0.05)。结论同种异体B-PT-B在人体内重塑的速率较自体B-PT-B慢,自体与同种异体B-PT-B移植重建ACL术后胫骨骨隧道扩大的程度基本相当。     

人工髋关节再置换术中骨移植的应用

目的比较自体骨移植、同种异体骨移植以及混合骨移植的愈后及差别。方法４１例病人移植骨使用自体髂骨和本单位贮存低温冷冻股骨头。自体骨移植１８例,同种异体骨移植８例,混合骨移植１５例。分别在６周、３、６、１２个月及１２个月以上观察Ｘ线片。结果６周时,移植骨为吸收像,约３１％（１３／４１）;３个月时,出现愈合征象约８８％（３６／４１）;６个月时,移植骨重塑开始约３９％（１６／４１）;１２个月时,除４例假体松动的病人外,其余３７例全部出现重塑。４例假体松动的病人中,３例细菌性感染,１例移植骨坏死吸收。另外５例并发症为：术后人工股骨头脱臼１例,股骨干骨折３例,股骨大粗隆不愈合１例。结论移植骨愈合过程中,自体骨与同种异体骨之间,混合骨与自体骨或同种异体骨之间愈合速度及愈合状态无明显差异     

脱细胞异体真皮加微粒皮移植治疗深度烧伤创面的研究

目的:为大面积深度烧伤创面修复寻找理想的真皮替代物,以解决自体中厚皮源不足的难题。方法:对23例大面积深度烧伤患者的功能部位行手术切、削痂后分为二组植皮:试验组创面移植脱细胞异体真皮加自体微粒皮(简称复合皮),对照组创面单行自体微粒皮移植。术后观察两组移植皮肤的临床疗效,并采用光镜及透射电镜观察组织学变化。结果:术后6周试验组移植的复合皮成活率达87%(20/23),对照组为91.3%(21/23),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后6、12个月复诊见复合皮的外观、质地、耐磨性及关节功能等方面明显优于对照组。组织学检查:术后6周见试验组的复合皮融合为一体,角质层连续而成熟,对照组自体表皮轻微增生;术后3～12个月试验组脱细胞异体真皮中胶原纤维粗细基本一致、排列规则,对照组自体真皮中胶原纤维粗细不一、排列不规则。结论:对大面积深度烧伤患者功能部位进行复合皮移植,可减轻瘢痕增生、改善创面外观及关节功能。     

角膜移植患者术前,术后IL—6,IL—8及T淋巴细胞亚群的测定

目的：探讨ＩＬ－６，ＩＬ－８与角膜移植的关系，方法：采集１９例角膜移植患者术前１ｄ及术后３～５ｄ空腹静脉血，应用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定血清中ｓＩＬ－６ｓＩＬ－８水平，应用流式细胞仪测定Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群的变化，结果：患者术前ｓＩＬ－６，ｓＩＬ－８水平接近正常人，术后明显升高，而Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群的改变我统计学意义，结论：ＩＬ－６，ＩＬ－８作为细胞因子转早参与了角膜移植术后的免疫反应。     

基质细胞衍生因子-1与趋化因子受体4在大鼠角膜移植排斥反应中的作用

目的探讨基质细胞衍生因子-1（SDF-1）与基质细胞衍生因子-1（CXCR4）在大鼠角膜组织中的表达及其在角膜移植术后 免疫排斥反应中的作用。方法取15只Wistar大鼠作为正常对照组;取22只Wistar大鼠行自体角膜移植术作为自体组;取22只 SD大鼠与44只Wistar大鼠,以SD大鼠为供体,Wistar大鼠为受体行穿透性角膜移植,术后随机抽取22只归入典必殊组,术眼滴 典必殊眼液（每日2次）,剩余22只归入异体组,术眼滴同等量生理盐水,共一个月。参照Larkin法对各组角膜植片进行临床评 估;分别于术后第5、9天取术眼角膜植片,行组织病理学观察、免疫组化检查、实时荧光定量PCR检测。结果自体组不发生排 斥反应,典必殊组角膜存活时间为24±0.32 d,远高于异体组10±0.36 d（P<0.001）。组织病理学检查发现异体组角膜有大量炎 性细胞浸润以及新生血管形成。SDF-1和CXCR4 mRNA在异体组角膜组织中表达水平明显升高（第5天P<0.001,第9天P< 0.01）,典必殊组较异体组明显降低。免疫组化检查发现SDF-1/CXCR4主要表达在角膜植片的上皮层与基质层,异体组角膜组 织SDF-1和CXCR4含量明显升高。结论SDF-1/CXCR4可能参与了大鼠角膜移植术后早期的排斥反应,其机制可能为SDF-1 特异性诱导CXCR4+细胞成熟和朝着排斥部位趋化,并促进角膜新生血管形成。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.