Jianzhen's eastward sea-voyageOA

<正>Chunyu Jianzhen (688-763) was from the Jiangyang County,Guangling (now Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province).He was an eminent Buddhist monk and learned medical scientist of the Tang Dynasty(618-907).He is the author of Jianshen’s Secret Recipes (Jian Shang Ren Mi Fang).At the invitation of Japan,he went there and introduced Buddhism,medical and other technical knowledge to Japan,so he was honored by the Japanese people with the"Founder of Japanese Kampo Medicine"and"Master from Overseas".     

大鼠"承山"穴和坐骨神经之间的神经解剖学联系

Objective:The aim of this study is to assess the neural interconnection between the acupoint"Chéngshān(承山BL57)"and sciatic nerve from the peripheral nervous sys...     

"知信行"方法的文献学研究

Objective To master the status of"Knowledge Attitude Practice"(KAP)methodology used in China by philological research.Methods Choosing the appropriate key words to retrieve the literatures based on CNKI total library,removing the false one by intensive reading,and analyzing the valid literatures in different ways based on which subject.Results①The amount of related literatures rising steadily from the middle of 1990's and remarkably since 2000.②The over 2000 valid literatures were mostly distributed in the healthcare field,and the most common subjects related in which were disease control,nourishment,smoking control,sex,conception control,drug abuse etc.③Not all of the research reported in the literatures performed the 3 core elements of KAP, and most of the literatures did not mention about the special interference on the targets,let alone the result analysis of the interference.④There were few literature whose main topic is KAP methodology.⑤The terms used for representing the KAP concept are not standardized.Conclusion ①The KAP methodology had been introduced into China and had been widely used in many fields.but the Chinese concept and terms of which should be more standardized,and the usage of which in some special application should be more advanced.②The KAP methodology Can be used and should be useful in TCM healthcare monitoring.     

"知信行"方法的文献学研究

Objective To master the status of"Knowledge Attitude Practice"(KAP)methodology used in China by philological research.Methods Choosing the appropriate key words to retrieve the literatures based on CNKI total library,removing the false one by intensive reading,and analyzing the valid literatures in different ways based on which subject.Results①The amount of related literatures rising steadily from the middle of 1990's and remarkably since 2000.②The over 2000 valid literatures were mostly distributed in the healthcare field,and the most common subjects related in which were disease control,nourishment,smoking control,sex,conception control,drug abuse etc.③Not all of the research reported in the literatures performed the 3 core elements of KAP, and most of the literatures did not mention about the special interference on the targets,let alone the result analysis of the interference.④There were few literature whose main topic is KAP methodology.⑤The terms used for representing the KAP concept are not standardized.Conclusion ①The KAP methodology had been introduced into China and had been widely used in many fields.but the Chinese concept and terms of which should be more standardized,and the usage of which in some special application should be more advanced.②The KAP methodology Can be used and should be useful in TCM healthcare monitoring.     

Chinese yam yield is affected by soil nutrient levels and interactions among N,P, and K fertilizersOA

Objective: The current fertilization methods for Chinese yam are uneconomic and unfriend to environment. A rational one is very important to achieve desired balance of high yield of Chinese yam, economic and friend to environment. Here, we studied the effects of nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), and potassium(K) fertilizers on the yield of ’Qinfeng’ Chinese yam in shallow-groove directional cultivation.Methods: The experiments were conducted in Dehua County, Fujian Province, China using a "3414" optim...     

2015中医针灸随手拍国际摄影比赛落下帷幕(英文)

正On November 15,2015,the Award Ceremony of"2015 international photo contest of TCM acupuncturemoxibustion"was held in Beijing,China by Headquarters of the World Federation of Acupuncturemoxibustion Societies(WFAS),congratulating the5th anniversary celebration of successful application for the list of world heritage of"TCM acupuncturemoxibustion"and"World acupuncture-moxibustion week"series of activities of     

Difference in the anti-fatigue effect of moxibustion at different acupoints in one-off exhausted rats

Objective:To explore the difference in the anti-fatigue effect of moxibustion at different acupoints through observing the impacts of moxibustion at "Shènshù(肾俞BL23)","Zúsānlǐ(足三里ST36)","Guānyuán(关元CV4)" and "Shénquè(神阙CV8)" on energy metabolic indexes in the one-off exhausted rats.Methods:A total of 56 SPF male rats were randomized into 7 groups,named a blank group,a model group,a non-acupoint group,a "BL23" group,a "ST36" group,a "CV4" group and a "CV8" group,8 rats in each group.The one-off exhaustion model was established by weight-bearing swimming experiment.Right after the exhaustive swimming of rats in each intervention group,the mild moxibustion was applied at the corresponding acupoints for 15 min immediately.4 h after the exhaustive swimming,the blood was collected from the femoral artery and the quadriceps femoris of the left hindlimb was stripped.The levels of blood lactate(BLD),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),creatine kinase(CK) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN),the expressions of adenosine triphosphatease(ATP),fructose-6-phosphofructokinase(PFK)and malomdialdehyde(MDA) in the quadriceps femoris and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT) were detected.Results:Compared with the model group and the non-acupoint group,the levels of serum BLD,LDH,CK and BUN were all lower those in the "BL23" group,the "ST36" group,the "CV4" group and the "CV8"group,indicating a statistical significance(all P 0.05).Compared with the model group and the nonacupoint group,PFK was higher in the "BL23" group,indicating a statistical significance(both P 0.05).Compared with the model group and the non-acupoint group,PFK was higher in the "ST36" group and the "CV4" group,indicating a statistical significance(all P 0.05).Conclusion:It was found in the research that moxibustion at "BL23" "ST36" "CV4" and "CV8" regulated the energy metabolism in the one-off exhausted rats so as to bring the anti-fatigue effect into play and the effect was different among the acupoints.Moxibustion at "CV8" may work on the prevention of the protein decomposition in the skeletal muscle and moxibustion at "BL23" may be against the oxidation in the skeletal muscle.     

A discussion about influenza from the perspective of "latent dryness"

<正>WU Qian discussed dryness: "Dry domination causing cold, transforming Qi into dampness, and retaliation of abnormal changes of climate or evolutive phases to fire." As the natural environment changes in the 21st century, the average annual temperature is greater than 2 ℃ higher than before with the global population experiencing extreme heat causing a “latent dryness” within the body,     

大鼠“曲泽”,“大陵”和“中冲”穴区之间神经血管显微结构的比较（英文）

Objective:The aim of this study was to compare the microstructure of blood vessels and nerve fibers between different acupoints in the rat skin from the perspective of histology.Methods:The skin tissue at "Quze"(曲泽 PC3)""Daling(大陵 PC7)" and "Zhongchong(中冲 PC9)" regions was taken from the rat forelimb along the pericardium meridian,and cut sagittally with a freezing microtome.After that,the skin sections were stained by fluorescent histochemistry and immunohistochemistry with phalloidin and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) to reveal the microstructure of blood vessels and nerve fibers respectively,and then examined under a laser scanning confocal microscope.Results:The microstructure of blood vessels and nerve fibers was clearly labeled with phalloidin and CGRP,respectively.The blood vessels and nerve fibers were observed in the dermis of "PC3""PC7" and"PC9" regions,where the bundle of nerve fibers distribute in parallel to the blood vessels,and sent out thin branches to surround the wall of the blood vessels.In contrast,the density of blood vessels and nerve fibers in "PC3" "PC7" and "PC9" were presented orderly in an increased tendency.Conclusion:The results of present study demonstrate the differences of the neurovascular microstructure among "PC3" "PC7" and "PC9" in the rat,providing a histological view to insight into the specificity of different acupoints.     

EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE OF THE HEART MERIDIAN ACUPOINTS ON ISCHEMIC CARDIAC FUNCTION IN THE RABBIT

Subjective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of acupoints of the Heart Meridian and Lung Meridian on ischemic cardiac systolic ability for analyzing the relative specific relationship between the Heart Meridian and the heart. Methods: Acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) was produced by intravenous infusion of pituitrin (40 u + 5% glucose injection 500 ml, 60 drips/min) in the rabbit. Left intraventricular pressure (LVP), maximal rising velocity of LVP (dp/dt max), isovolumetric pressure (IP) and end-diastolic pressure (EDP) of the left cardiac ventricle were used as the indexes. Three points of Heart Meridian [HM, from "Shenmen" (HT 7) to "Lingdao" (HT 4)] and the three points of Lung Meridian [LM, from "Taiyuan" (LU 9) to "Lieque" (LU 7)] were punctured with filiform needles and stimulated with hand-manipulation and electrically with ZY2-1 EA Therapeutic Apparatus. 30 rabbits anesthetized with urethane (1 g/kg) were randomly and evenly divided into control group, HM group and LM group. Resul     

Risk assessment and analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine intervention in coronavirus disease

OBJECTIVE: To explore the advantages of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) in "prevention" and "control" of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: In this paper, we wish to estimate the effect on the virus transmission of scenarios assuming TCM were used to build the first defense line at the very early stage of the spread in Wuhan. We therefore first developed a classic susceptible infected removed(susceptible infected removed, SIR) transmission model based on the national data in...     

"发为血之余"的理论探讨

Objective: To explore the relationship of hair‘s changes with blood deficiency and testify the clinic significant of the theory of “bair being surplus of blood“. Methods: Observe patients with blood deficiency and their abnormal hair, and statistic data with regress analysis, x2 analysis and T test. Results: The degree of hair‘s abnormity correlate directly with blood deficiency;the occurrence rate of the hair‘s abnormity is higher than the control group obviously;the degree of the hair‘s abnormity also has a significant difference between case and control groups. The results prove that the theory of hair “being surplus of blood“ is right.     

Food-medicine can promote cross-culture communication between East and WestOA

<正>Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC), the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has set an action plan for the Construction of a Healthy China Program, insisting on putting people’s health in the strategic position of prioritizing development. As an important part of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) culture in China, food-medicines,     

A new strategy based on acid-alkali complexation for rapidly and accurately fishing phytochemicals in Sennae Folium

Objective: There are some anthraquinones, anthraquinones and flavonones in Sennae Folium which exhibited significant acidity, such as sennoside A/B and sennoside C/D. The current strategies used in separating these components are mainly based on conventional column chromatography which is time consuming,laborious and costly. This study is aimed at exploring a method of precipitation extraction of acid components in Sennae Folium. Using alkaloid as a "hook", it is reasonable to use the principle of "acid-alkali complexation" to "fish" the acidic components in Sennae Folium.Methods: Isothermal titration calorimeter(ITC) was used to measure the extraction efficiency of different alkaloids. Then, alkaloid determined by ITC was mixed with extracting solution of Sennae Folium to form complex. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS2)was used to investigate the ingredients "fished" by berberine(Ber). The mechanism of "fishing" process was explained by ITC, optical activity, fluorescence spectrometry and scanning electron microscope.Results: The ITC results proved that the choice of "hook" was particularly important in the process of"fishing". Among the hooks, the fishing efficiency of the isoquinoline alkaloids(Ber) was the highest,reaching 10.3%. Nine ingredients were detected and determined by HPLC-MS2, and the main components were sennoside A/B and sennoside C/D. Based on ITC test of Ber and sennoside A, the combination mechanism of the two ingredients was a chemical reaction with a nearly binding ratio(2:1). Fluorescence and optical properties of the active ingredients were changed after complexation. By scanning electron microscope, we found that two types of components had obviously self-assembled behavior during the formation process.Conclusion: Ber successfully "fished" the main acidic components, sennoside A/B and sennoside C/D,from Sennae Folium. Combined with different characterizations, the "fishing" process was determined as a chemical association reaction induced by electrostatic interaction or π-π stacking. Therefore, with special identification ability, the "fishing" process had the potential of practical application.     

Sanchen powder extract combined with vancomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusOA

Objective: To explore the effects of the extract of Sanchen powder(ESCP) combined with vancomycin on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) planktonic cells, biofilms, and virulence factors.Methods: The herbs in Sanchen powder(SCP) were extracted separately with 50% ethanol. Then, the content of hydroxysafflower yellow A(HSYA) and cholic acid in the extract of artificial cattle bezoar(artificial Calculus bovis) and safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.) was measured by ultraviolet visible...     

EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON THE IMMUNOREACTIVITY OF FOCAL CUTANEOUS μ-OPIOID RECEPTOR IMMUNOREACTION-POSITIVE FIBERS IN ADJUVANT ARTHRITIC RATS

Objective: To study the effect of μ-opioid receptor (MOR) expression in the inflammatory skin tissue and the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the topical immunoreaction (IR) of MOR positive fibers in adjuvant arthritic (AA) rats. Methods: A total of 48 SD rats were randomized into control (n = 8), model (n = 10), focus-side-EA (n = 10), non-acupoint-EA (n = 10), and healthy-side-EA (n = 10) groups. AA model was established by subcutaneous injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA, 50 μL) into the left hind paw. EA (4-16 Hz, 0.5-1.5 V) was applied to "Huantiao" (环跳 GB 30) and "Yanglingquan" (阳陵泉 GB 34) on the focus or healthy side and non-acupoints for 30 min. Non-acupoints used were the two sites 5 mm to GB 30 and GB 34 on the healthy side. The topical MOR IR-positive fibers in the dermal and subcutaneous tissues of the focus was stained with immunohistochemical method. The severity of pain was detected by foot (ankle-joint)-bending test. Results: Compared with model group, the "foot-bending test" score decreased significantly in focus-side-EA group on the 9th and 11th day (P<0.05) and in non-acupoint-EA group on the 8th, 9th and 11th d after injection of CFA (P < 0.05), indicating that EA of bilateral GB 30 and GB 34 and non-acupoints all can relieve pain. From the 13th day on, no significant differences were found in "foot-bending test" scores among the 3 EA groups and model group (P >0.05). In comparison with control group, the area values of MOR IR-positive nerve fibers in the focus tissue were significantly higher in 3 EA groups (P<0.05). The area values of MOR IR-positive nerve fibers in the focus in model group and 3 EA groups were significant higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the area values of MOR IR-positive fibers in focus-side-EA group and healthy-side-EA group increased significantly (P<0.05); while those of MOR IR-positive fibers in non-acupoint-EA group and healthy-side-EA group were significantly lower than that in focus-side-EA group (P<0.05), and no significant differences were found among model group, healthy-side-EA group and non-acupoint-EA group in the area of MOR IR-positive fibers (P>0.05), indicating a stronger effect of EA of acupoints on the focus side. Conclusion: EA of GB 30 and GB 34 can relieve inflammatory pain and up-regulate the expression of MOR IR-positive fibers in the focal skin tissues in AA rats, exerting anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.     

Mechanism of mitochondrial protection by the Buyin Qianzheng formula in a Parkin overexpression cell modelOA

Objective: To identify the molecular mechanisms of the effects of the Buyin Qianzheng formula(BYQZF)on the mitochondrial dynamics in a Parkin overexpression Parkinson’s disease(PD) cell model.Methods: First, a stable Parkin overexpression cell model was constructed using plasmid transfection.Then, we examined the protective effect of BYQZF on the mitochondrial dysfunction of the Parkin overexpression PD cell model induced by neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion(MPPt). The m RNA expression ...     

Rolling manipulation

Rolling manipulation, one of the characteristic manipulations of traditional Chinese massage, is the main therapeutic manipulation of the rolling-Tuina massage school. It plays an important roll in basic technical teaching of Chinese massage and the clinical treatment. The original meaning of "Rolling" in an ancient Chinese book called Shuowenjiezi (<说文解字>) is "turning". This manipulation, founded by Mr. DING Ji-feng, gives the patient a sensation of a ball rolling on the surface of the body. Besides, this manipulation should be performed by hands, so it is named "Rolling".     

THE EXTENSIVENESS AND SPECIFICITY OF EFFECT OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT DIFFERENT ACUPOINTS ON NOCICEPTIVE RESPONSE OF CONVERGENT NEURONS IN TRIGEMINAL NUCLEUS CAUDALIS

Experiments were carried out on rats anaesthetized with uraethane. The sponta-neous discharges and nociceptive responses of convergent neurons in the right trigerninal nucleus cau-dalis(TNC) to noxious stimuli at receptive field (cheek) were recorded extracellularly with glass mi-cro-electrode. Electroacupuncture (EA ) was applied at bilateral " Xiaguan" (ST 7 on face ) or "Zusanli" (ST 36 on shank) acupoint with Iow (2V) and high (18V) intensity. The noclceptive re-sponse of convergent neurons in TNC could be inhihited by low intensity EA applied at "Xiaguan" butnot "Zusanlil", showing the specificity of acupoints. High intensity EA at either "Xiaguan" or "Zusan-li" also reduced the nociceptive responses, showing the analgesic extensiveness of acupoints. We sug-gest that "the gate of control" mechanism plays a main role in low intensity EA and "diffuse noxiousinhibitory controls" (DNIC) rnechanism does so in high intensity EA.The results suggest that we should pay attention to the location of acupoints,     

INFLUENCE OF “WARMING YANG AND NOURISHING QI” ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT ON SERUM IL-12 AND IL-18 EXPRESSION LEVELS IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE MYASTHENIA GRAVIS AND ITS MECHANISM

Objective: To observe the influence of the "Warming yang and Nourishing qi" acupuncture treatment on the serum interleukin-12(IL-12) and interleukin-18(IL-18) expression levels in rats with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis(EAMG) and to analyze the mechanism of acupuncture in treatment of myasthenia gravis(MG).Methods: AchRα1 129-145 peptide fragments were used to immune the female Lewis rats to establish EAMG rat models.Thirty EAMG model rats were randomly divided into acupuncture treatment group, drug control group and model control group(n=10); the unmodeled 10 rats purchased at the same period were used as the blank control group.The rats in acupuncture treatment group were treated by "Warming yang and Nourishing qi" acupuncture treatment, 30 min, once a day, 7 d for a period, 1 d rest between two periods, and two periods of continuous treatment.The rats in drug control group were treated by the pyridostigmine lavaged treatment, 18.5 mg/(kg·d), continuous treatment for 15 d.The rats in the other two groups had no any special treatments.After treatment, the blood samples from the vein of tail root of the rats in 4 groups were collected, and the serum expression levels of IL-12 and IL-18 were detected with ELISA method.Results: After treatment, compared with the model control group, the serum IL-12 and IL-18 expression levels of the EAMG rats in the acupuncture treatment group and the drugcontrol group were significantly decreased(P0.05 or P0.01).Compared between the acupuncture treatment group and the drug control group, the serum IL-12 and IL-18 expression levels of the EAMG rats were not significantly different(P0.05).Conclusion: "Warming yang and Nourishing qi" acupuncture treatment can reduce the serum IL-12 and IL-18 expression levels of EAMG rats.For the treatment of MG, the effect of acupuncture was similar to pyridostigmine.