天水市秦城区旅店业和歌舞厅卫生状况调查

为了解天水市秦城区公共场所旅店业和歌舞厅的卫生状况 ,2 0 0 1年 9月对 91家公共场所连续三年的卫生监督监测情况进行历史回顾性调查分析 ,结果表明 ,经监测的卫生指标的合格率在逐年提高 ,说明《公共场所卫生管理条例》在本区得到了较好的贯彻落实 ,旅店业的卫生状况好于歌舞厅的卫生状况。存在的问题 :旅店业公共用具的更换、消毒没有完全得到落实 ,歌舞厅的从业人员健康证持证率低 ,公共用具的消毒成为重点和难点。     

河北省公共场所公共用品用具卫生状况

为加大公共场所卫生监测力度,提高公共场所卫生管理水平,2003年对全省公共场所公共用品、用具的卫生状况进行抽样监测。旅店业公共用品以杯具、盆具、拖鞋、毛巾、卧具为主;舞厅以杯具为主。依据GB／T17220-1998(公共场所卫生监测技术规范》进行采样;依据WS205-2001《公共场所用品卫生标准》进行消毒效果评价。     

旅店业公共用品用具消毒状况调查分析

目的加强旅店业卫生管理，了解晋城市旅店业公共用品用具的消毒状况，提高旅店业消毒用品用具的卫生质量，防止传染病的发生和流行。方法依据公共场所卫生管理条例及实施细则的有关规定，采用抽样调查的方法，对晋城市不同档次的旅店，进行用品用具消毒效果监测和卫生学调查，并对结果进行统计分析。结果在45家旅店业中，绝大多数有消毒设施、制度，但消毒能正常运转的仅占66．67％；共采集217份样品，总合格率为91．25％，旅店业公共用品用具消毒效果总体良好，但不同物品卫生状况差异较大，拖鞋检测合格率仅有56．25％；对不同档次旅店业消毒效果进行统计分析，高档（星级）宾馆较好，中档（普通）宾馆较差，低档（招待所）最差（P〈0．01）；对135名从业人员消毒知识进行考核，普遍掌握较差。结论应加强旅店业公共用品用具消毒卫生管理工作。     

抚州市旅店业公共用具的消毒状况

为了解抚州市旅店业公共用具消毒情况,为今后我市旅店业卫生管理提供科学依据,于1997～2000年对我市旅店业公共用具进行了采样监测。采样按照《公共场所卫生监督监测要点》执行。监测项目:茶杯、口杯检测大肠菌群;洗漱池、浴缸、坐便     

1997年顺德市公共场所茶具消毒现状分析

旅店业、卡拉ＯＫ歌舞厅及公共浴室是我市的三大类公共场所行业，茶具是这些行业中比较大量使用的一种公共用具。为了解这些行业茶具的消毒质量，我站于１９９７年对这些单位进行了系统的监督监测。现将结果报告如下。１　对象和方法全市领取了卫生许可证的不同类型旅店业、卡拉ＯＫ歌舞厅及公共浴室提供给顾客使用的各种茶具。检查各单位采用的消毒方法及茶具保洁情况。采样检验方法采用大肠菌群快速检验纸片法。阴性合格，阳性不合格。２　结果与分析２－１　不同类型公共场所茶具消毒质量监测结果比较三类行业共抽检茶具６０９８份，消毒…     

百色市公共场所公共用品卫生状况调查

目的了解百色市所在地公共场所公共用品的卫生状况与消毒效果。方法对城区内130家公共场所各种用品用具抽检,按国家标准方法检测和评价,并对资料进行统计分析。结果共检测公共用品用具798件,合格633件,总合格率为79.32%。对不同行业及不同档次旅店业公共用品检测合格率进行比较,均具有统计学意义。结论应加强对公共场所的卫生监督与监测工作,不断提高公共场所的自身卫生管理和用品用具的消毒效果,大力开展卫生宣传教育,不断提高从业人员卫生法律意识和防病意识。     

孝感市2003～2005年公共场所公共用具监测结果分析

为了解孝感市公共场所公共用具的消毒卫生状况,以便加强对各类公共场所的卫生监督管理,现将孝感市2003~2005公共场所公共用具检测结果分析如下。1对象与方法1.1采样对象孝感市文化娱乐场所、美容美发、旅店业等为监测对象。文化娱乐场所主要为舞厅(包括OK歌厅)、酒吧、茶座、咖     

淄博市公共场所公共用品及用具卫生状况分析

为掌握我市公共场所公共用品、用具的卫生状况,进一步落实<公共场所卫生管理条例>,防止传染病通过不符合卫生要求的公共用品、用具传播,保证消费者的健康安全,我们于2004年3～9月份对全市部分旅店业、公共浴室的公共用品、用具的消毒效果进行了抽样检验.     

慈溪市2009—2010年旅店业卫生监测分析

随着社会经济文化的发展,大酒店、宾馆、旅馆等住宿公共场所日益成为人们日常生活中重要的活动场所[1]。为了解慈溪市旅店业卫生状况,为今后的卫生监督监测和技术指导提供依据,现就2009—2010年慈溪市旅店业公共用具卫生状况监测结果分析如下。     

2006-2010年龙口市公共场所公用物品消毒效果监测

<正>为了解龙口市创城工作取得的成效,提高公共场所公共用品消毒卫生质量,对龙口市2006-2010年公共场所公共用品用具消毒效果监测情况进行分析。1对象与方法1.1监测对象和物品对全市公共场所公共用品进行消毒效果监测,旅店业监测床单、被套等棉织品和拖鞋;浴池监测浴衣、     

Salmonellas in pigs and animal feeding stuffs in England and Wales and in Denmark

A comparison has been made between the incidence of salmonellas in pigs and feeding stuffs in England and Wales and in Denmark. In Denmark there is veterinary legislation requiring the sterilization of imported and home produced feed ingredients of animal origin. There is no such legislation in England and Wales. In Denmark 0·3% of resterilized imported meat and bone meal was contaminated with salmonellas. This compared with 23% of meat and bone meal in England and Wales and 20-27% of other ingredients of animal origin. In England and Wales salmonellas were isolated from 7% of caecal samples and 6% of lymph node samples, while in Denmark they were isolated from 3% of caecal samples and 4% of lymph node samples. In England and Wales 25 serotypes were found in both pigs and feeds and these included nearly all the most prevalent human pathogens. In Denmark four of the six serotypes in pigs had been found in resterilized feed. One notable difference between the two studies was the very wide range of serotypes found in pigs in England and Wales and the narrow range in Denmark. A second was that Salmonella typhimurium formed 15% of all Salmonella strains isolated from pigs in England and Wales, and 60% of those in Denmark.     

Lunasin is prevalent in barley and is bioavailable and bioactive in in vivo and in vitro studies

Lunasin, a unique 43-amino acid peptide found in a number of seeds, has been shown to be chemopreventive in mammalian cells and in a skin cancer mouse model. To elucidate the role of cereals in cancer prevention, we report here the prevalence, bioavailability, and bioactivity of lunasin from barley. Lunasin is present in all cultivars of barley analyzed. The liver and kidney of rats fed with lunasin-enriched barley (LEB) show the presence of lunasin in Western blot. Lunasin extracted from the kidney and liver inhibits the activities of HATs (histone acetyl transferases), yGCN5 by 20% and 18% at 100 nM, and PCAF activity by 25% and 24% at 100 nM, confirming that the peptide is intact and bioactive. Purified barley lunasin localizes in the nuclei of NIH 3T3 cells. Barley lunasin added to NIH 3T3 cells in the presence of the chemical carcinogen MCA activates the expression of tumor suppressors p21 and p15 by 45% and 47%, decreases cyclin D1 by 98%, and inhibits Rb hyperphosphorylation by 45% compared with the MCA treatment alone. We conclude that lunasin is prevalent in barley, bioavailable, and bioactive and that consumption of barley could play an important role of cancer prevention in barley-consuming populations.     

Management of pregnancy and childbirth in England and Wales and in France

This paper reviews national data on obstetric and neonatal practices in England and Wales, and in France between 1970 and 1980. The data have been derived from national statistics and surveys on national samples of births in 1970, 1975 and 1980 in England and Wales, and 1972, 1976 and 1981 in France. The analysis shows that there was no major difference in pregnancy outcome, but wide variations in medical practices, and their trend over time. The main differences were: in England and Wales a higher number of antenatal visits, a higher percentage of inpatient admissions during pregnancy, a higher rate of induction, more episiotomies, a higher rate of resuscitation at birth, and admission to neonatal special care units; in France, a higher rate of caesarean sections before and during labour, some evidence of a more active management of labour, and a longer hospital post-natal stay. These differences in practice reflect differences in objectives and assessment of the effectiveness of care between the two countries: they point out the need for better monitoring and evaluation of obstetric and neonatal practices.     

Research and teaching in social and preventive medicine and in public health

Summary Both public health and social and preventive medicine are characterised by the common goal of promoting, maintaining and improving health and preventing disease, and both are concerned with a population-related, preventive and environmental perspective. But whereas public health is interdisciplinary and goes far beyond the medical focus, social and preventive medicine is medically based and forms a bridge between public health and medical practice. Research in a department of social and preventive medicine serves to support preventive and medico-social activities in medical practice as well as in public health. This is illustrated by results from research conducted at the author's department during the last twenty years. Examples are research in support of smoking cessation activities, and research used for the planning of care for the elderly. Both the research and the teaching activities of the department take into account the population focus of public health as well as the focus on individual medicine in clinical practice.

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Forschung und Lehre in Sozial-und Präventivmedizin und öffentlicher Gesundheit

Zusammenfassung Sowohl das Gebiet der öffentlichen Gesundheit als auch dasjenige der Sozial-und Präventivmedizin sind durch das Ziel der Förderung, Erhaltung und Verbesserung der Gesundheit sowie der Krankheitsvorbeugung gekennzeichnet, und beide beschäftigen sich mit einer bevölkerungsbezogenen, präventiven und umweltbezogenen Perspektive. Aber während die öffentliche Gesundheit stark interdisziplinär ist und weit über den medizinischen Fokus hinausreicht, ist die Sozial-und Präventivmedizin ein medizinisches Fach und stellt eine Brücke zwischen der öffentlichen Gesundheit und der ärztlichen Praxis dar. Die Forschung in einem Institut für Sozial-und Präventivmedizin dient der Förderung präventiver und sozialmedizinischer Tätigkeiten in der ärztlichen Praxis wie auch in der öffentlichen Gesundheit. Dies wird durch die Forschungstätigkeit des Instituts des Autors aus den letzten 20 Jahren illustriert, wobei Beispiele aus den Gebieten der Förderung der Raucherentwöhnung und der Betreuung behinderter Betagter dargestellt werden. Sowohl in den Forschungs-als auch in den Lehrtätigkeiten des Instituts finden der Bevölkerungsbezug der öffentlichen Gesundheit wie auch der individualmedizinische Ansatz der ärztlichen Praxis ihren Ausdruck.

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La recherche et l'ensignement en médecine sociale et préventive et en santé publique

Résumé La santé publique aussi bien que la médecine sociale et préventive sont caractérisées par le but commun de promouvoir, maintenir et améliorer l'état de santé et de prévenir les maladies, et elles s'orientent vers une perspective de population, de prévention et environnementale. Mais la santé publique est interdisciplinaire et va loin au-delà de la médecine, tandis que la médecine sociale et préventive est basée sur la médecine et représente le lien entre la santé publique et la pratique médicale. La recherche d'un institut de médecine sociale et préventive sert à appuyer les activités préventives et médico-sociales au cabinet médical aussi bien qu'en santé publique. Cela est illustré par des résultats de recherches conduites dans les vingt années passées à l'institut de l'auteur, et les exemples sont tirés de la recherche en appui de la promotion de la cessation de fumée et de la planification de la prise en charge des personnes âgées et handicapées. Les activités de recherche et de l'enseignement de l'institut tiennent compte de la perspective de population cacactéristique de la santé publique, aussi bien que de la dimension de médecine individuelle caractéristique de la pratique clinique.

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Paper presented at a symposium on The Public Health Perspective of Social and Preventive Medicine, in celebration of the 20th anniversary of the Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Berne, 25 June 1992 in Berne.     

Eggs enriched in omega-3 fatty acids and alterations in lipid concentrations in plasma and lipoproteins and in blood pressure

Effects of dietary eggs enriched with omega-3 fatty acids on lipid concentrations in plasma and lipoproteins and blood pressure were determined in 11 men and women in two groups. Group 1 consumed four omega-3 eggs per day during the first 4-wk period and four control eggs for the second 4-wk period. Group 2 ate the same number of eggs in the reverse order. Mean plasma cholesterol concentration was significantly increased by control eggs (P less than 0.01) but unchanged by omega-3 eggs. Mean plasma triglyceride concentration was decreased by omega-3 eggs but increased by control eggs. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly lowered by omega-3 eggs in group 1 whereas only systolic pressure was significantly decreased on omega-3 eggs in group 2. The control eggs did not change blood pressure. In conclusion, the omega-3 eggs may be more healthful than the control eggs.     

Bacteriology and constitutional health--genomics and proteomics: concepts in medicine and concepts in health insurance in the past and future

Future discussions on health issues on the individual or society level will be fundamentally linked to genetic dispositions. This genetic world will become reality in the same way the world of hygiene and bacteriology has become real for everyone. Approaches of molecular medicine for public health issues have not yet been created so far. The secret dreams of molecular eugenics must be made public and critically discussed. Up to now only a few monogenetically recessive hereditary diseases can be detected by screening. This kind of screening should be carefully considered. However, for the sciences, for medicine and thus for the physicians in practice, for health care sciences as well as for public health care, new tasks will emerge from genetics and molecular medicine. In individual as well as public health these new tasks will at first mainly turn in on the sphere of diagnosis and specific screening as well as health education and consultation. With regard to the considerable social implications the public health care sector should be aware of the coming issues of molecular medicine in time.     

Prevalence and Trends in Overweight in Mexican-American Adults and Children

Overweight and obesity have been increasing in many countries. Our objective is to describe the trends in overweight and obesity occurring in the Mexican-American population in the United States. Data on measured height and weight for Mexican Americans come from the following surveys: the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES, 1982–84), the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988–94), and NHANES 1999–2002. In 1999–2002, 73% of Mexican-American adults were overweight and 33% were obese. Obesity increased between NHANES III and NHANES 1999–2002, from 24% to 27% for men and from 35% to 38% for women. Increases were also seen for children and adolescents. The Mexican-American population in the United States, both children and adults, is showing trends in overweight and obesity over time that are similar to those seen in other segments of the U.S. population and indeed in many countries