颅底凹陷症合并脊髓空洞症的显微外科治疗

目的：分析76例颅底凹陷症合并脊髓空症的显微外科手术治疗效果,探讨发病机理与手术方法等。方法：采用显微外科手术方法,分别行枕下减压（A）,空洞蛛网膜下腔分流（B）,四室闩部疏通术（C）,按Tator标准进行评定,观察不同手术方法后的效果。结果：76例均有效,其中9例I期手术行A后效果不明显,又II期手术行B后仅1例症状无改善;52例同时行A＋B后,仅2例症状无改善;15例同时行A＋B＋C后效果均为优。结论：仅行A后难以奏效,A＋B＋C是最有效的手术方法。     

小脑扁桃体下疝合并脊髓空洞症治疗分析

目的分析小脑扁桃体下疝合并脊髓空洞症的治疗方法。方法选择本院2015年1月至2016年5月小脑扁桃体下疝合并脊髓空洞症患者,随机选取21例对其展开回顾性分析。其中,9例患者行枕大孔减压加空洞-蛛网膜下腔分流(A组),12例患者仅行枕大孔减压术(B组)。统计二者术后1年治疗效果。结果 A组患者总有效率达84.6%,B组患者总有效率为77.7%(P0.05)。结论针对小脑扁桃体下疝合并脊髓空洞症,应首要选择手术治疗方式,由此可改善其临床症状。     

Chiari畸形Ⅰ型显微外科手术治疗效果观察

目的探讨Chiari畸形Ⅰ型的显微外科手术治疗方法及临床效果。方法回顾性分析2013年6月至2015年6月于新乡医学院第一附属医院行显微外科手术治疗的36例Chiari畸形Ⅰ型患者的临床资料。结果 36例患者均行手术治疗,其中后颅窝骨性减压+硬脑膜扩大修补术8例,后颅窝骨性减压+蛛网膜下腔粘连松解术+硬脑膜扩大修补术6例,后颅窝骨性减压+蛛网膜下腔粘连松解术+小脑扁桃体切除(或电凝回缩)术+硬脑膜扩大修补术19例,后颅窝骨性减压+脊髓空洞-蛛网膜下腔分流术+硬脑膜扩大修补术3例。术后3个月复查评估,神经系统症状改善30例,无变化4例,加重2例。随访6~36个月,28例患者小脑扁桃体恢复至正常位置,其余8例患者较术前不同程度回缩;25例合并脊髓空洞症患者中,18例脊髓空洞不同程度缩小,5例稳定无变化,2例空洞增大。结论显微外科手术是Chiari畸形Ⅰ型有效的治疗方法,可以有效缓解患者病情。     

后颅窝减压硬脑膜成形治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症

目的探讨后颅窝减压硬脑膜成形手术治疗脊髓空洞症合并Chiari畸形的治疗方法及效果。方法27例Chiari畸形并脊髓空洞症经MRI确诊后应用显微外科技术,采用减压硬脑膜成形术,并进行3个月以上随访以判断治疗效果。结果27例患者术后症状均有不同程度的改善,术后复查头颅MRI见脊髓空洞缩小。结论该手术可使颅颈交界区充分减压,改善了脑脊液循环状态,有效地缓解了临床症状,并对脊髓空洞有明显的治疗作用。扩大修补硬脑膜有利于减少术后并发症的发生。     

后颅窝减压重建术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞

目的 探讨后颅窝减压重建手术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞的方法及效果.方法 27例Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞患者经MRI确诊后,应用后颅窝重建显微外科技术治疗,并随访3个月以上.结果 27例患者术后症状均有不同程度的改善,复查头颅MRI见脊髓空洞缩小.结论 该手术可使颅颈交界区充分减压,改善脑脊液循环,有效缓解临床症状,并对脊髓空洞症有明显的治疗作用.扩大修补硬脑膜有利于减少术后并发症的发生.     

颈枕区畸形并脊髓空洞症的外科治疗

目的：探讨颈枕区畸形并脊髓空洞症的最佳诊断和治疗方法。方法：临床上行枕下减压术、空洞腔蛛网膜下腔分流术和闩部封闭术。结果：行手术治疗的１６例患者中经２～３年随访，２例症状和体征明显改善，５例症状和体征无变化，３例症状加重，６例失访。结论：磁共振成像检查对颈枕区畸形并脊髓空洞症的诊断和治疗均是最佳的检查方法。显微外科技巧的运用是非常重要的。     

Chiari畸形并脊髓空洞症的外科治疗

目的:对Chiari畸形并脊髓空洞症(SM)的手术治疗方法进行探讨,并初步评价其治疗效果.方法:对42 例Chiari畸形病例(合并SM 29例)根据其MRI影像,分为Ⅰ型36例和Ⅱ型6例,选择不同手术方式进行治疗:24例ACM-Ⅰ型无或合并轻度SM者行后颅窝减压术,12例ACM-Ⅰ型合并SM达C2以上者行后颅窝减压并脊髓空洞切开分流术,6例ACM-Ⅱ型合并远隔节段SM者行后颅窝减压并小脑扁桃体切除术.结果:患者术后临床症状均有不同程度改善.36例获随访1～4年,其中30例(83.3％)小脑扁桃体下疝得以回纳,25例(86.2％)空洞明显缩小或消失.结论:对Chiari畸形并SM病例依据其影像学分型采取不同的手术方式,疗效满意;手术能使延颈髓充分减压,有效缓解临床症状,并对SM有明显的治疗作用.     

Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症的手术治疗

目的 探讨chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症的手术方法及疗效.方法 对31例手术患者进行回顾分析,其中28例经MRI证实的chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症患者行后路枕下减压及小脑扁桃体切除术,3例经MRI与颅骨X线证实的chiari畸形合并颅底凹陷患者行后路枕下减压及寰枕融合术并评定其疗效.结果 出院时患者症状明显改善或改善者27例,无改善但病情稳定者4例.随访26例患者,复查MRI脊髓空洞消失或基本消失20例,缩小3例,无变化3例.结论 后颅凹减压术,小脑扁桃体切除术,寰枕融合术及其不同组合是治疗chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症的有效方法.     

枕大池重建术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症

目的探讨枕大池重建术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症的操作要点及治疗效果。方法回顾分析我院及南京军区南京总医院2004年1月-2011年12月收治的43例Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症患者的临床资料,所有患者均行手术治疗,枕下正中入路,以枕骨大孔为中心,咬除枕骨鳞部及寰椎后弓,“Y”形切开硬脑膜,电灼缩小或部分切除小脑扁桃体,分离粘连开放正中孔,扩大修补硬脑膜。结果43例患者中40例症状明显改善,2例无明显好转,1例有所加重,术后复查MRI示39例患者脊髓空洞均有不同程度缩小甚至消失,4例无明显缩小,无空洞扩大。结论后颅凹减压、小脑扁桃体部分切除、开放正中孔、扩大硬膜修补能显著改善Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症的临床症状,是目前治疗该疾病的有效手术方法。     

脊髓空洞症显微外科手术治疗

目的 探讨脊髓空间症的显微外科手术治疗方法。方法 根据脊髓空洞病灶位置不同，在显微镜下分别采用Pudens硅胶管行空洞－蛛网膜下腔分流术4例；后颅凹减压＋Pudens硅胶管空洞－蛛网膜下腔分流术2例。结果 本组6例，经随访3－8年，治愈2例，好转4例，手术有效率100％。结论 后颅凹减压和／或空洞－蛛网膜下腔显微外科分流术是脊髓空洞症的一种有效的治疗方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.