颌骨骨肉瘤细胞核形态测量和DNA定理研究

为研究不同组织类型及分化程度的骨瘤在细胞核形太民及ＤＮＡ含量方面的差异，用多功能图像分析仪对４７例颌骨骨肉瘤进行了细胞核形态测量和ＮＤＡ定量研究。结果发现，随着肿瘤恶性程度的增加，骨母细胞型和软骨母细胞型骨肉瘤的细胞核面积增大，形态更加不规则；纤维母细胞型骨肉瘤的核面积则逐渐变小，细胞核趋于圆形。     

腮腺混合瘤细胞核DNA含量与复发癌变关系的初步研究

采用流式细胞光度术（ＦＣＭ）分析了４２例腮腺混合瘤、１５例复发瘤细胞核ＤＮＡ含量，探讨了ＤＮＡ指数（ＤＩ）、８％、细胞增殖指数（ＰＩ）与肿瘤的良恶性、包膜的侵犯、复发、癌变的关系，结果表明：一部分混合瘤在光镜下未出现变化时其核ＤＮＡ量已发生了改变，已具备了恶性潜力。Ｓ％、ＰＩ的增高与肿瘤浸润包膜、复发有密切关系。ＤＩ、ＰＩ随病程的增加而增高。复发瘤与初发瘤的ＤＩ、Ｓ％，ＰＩ和异倍体出现率差异有显著性意义，复发瘤相当一部分为异倍体肿瘤而病理上仍诊断为良性。     

多形性腺瘤的计量病理学研究

本研究采用多功能图像分析系统对１８例良，恶性多形性腺瘤中肿瘤性肌上皮细胞的核形态和ＤＮＡ含量进行测定，结果表明，两种肿瘤在核面积，周长，最大径，最小径，形状因子及等效圆直径上差别有显著性，在ＤＮＡ含量和近４Ｃ％含量上相同，而在近２Ｃ％和５ＣＥＲ上差别有显著性，多形性腺瘤中肿瘤性肌上皮细胞的ＤＮＡ含量和５ＣＥＲ的含量已达到恶性肿瘤细胞水平，提示该细胞的这一特性与多形性腺瘤“好种植，易复发”的生物学行     

DNA定量分析对甲氨喋呤磁液治疗移植性舌癌疗效的估价

实验研究甲氨喋呤磁液在外磁场控制下对裸鼠移植性舌癌的抑瘤效果,采用显微分光光度计对舌癌细胞治疗前后的胞核DNA相对含量进行定量分析,并与胞核面积、核分裂指数、肿瘤直径进行相关性检验。结果显示:治疗后DNA相对含量逐渐下降,第35d时下降近一半,第60d时接近正常二倍体水平。DNA含量与瘤细胞核面积、核分裂指数之间存在显著正相关关系。肿瘤直径较大时,DNA异倍体的出现率显著增高。瘤细胞干系水平分析结果:治疗前舌癌细胞以高倍异倍体(HAN)为主(占9/10);治疗后第35d异倍体(AN)占6/10;第60d异倍体明显下降2/10。肿瘤细胞恶性程度逐渐降低,以此来估价甲氨喋呤磁液对移植性舌癌有明显抑制作用,这与荷瘤裸鼠生存期相符合。     

放射线对涎腺癌细胞影响的初步研究

通过对涎腺癌细胞核形态和ＤＮＡ含量的测定。研究了两例涎腺癌细胞核的放射性改变。一例术前放疗过的低分化粘液表皮样癌，镜下可见瘤组织大片变性坏死，残余癌细胞胞浆空泡变性，核小而规则，核面积、周长、最大径、形态因子、最小径、ＤＮＡ含量均比未放疗过的低分化粘液表皮样癌者小。ＤＮＡ倍体分布：二倍体和近二倍体４３．６％、增殖倍体５６．１％，没有高倍体和非整倍体。一例术后放疗过的复发性腺癌ＤＮＡ含量比原发性腺癌低，二倍体和近二倍体６０％、增殖倍体３５．８％、高倍体和非整倍体４．２％。提示两例涎腺癌细胞增殖均缓慢。     

多形性腺瘤细胞形态测量及DNA定量分析

利用多功能图象分析仪对18例多形性腺瘤组织切片中细胞核形态参数(面积、周长、最大径、最小径、形态因子)及DNA含量进行原位定量测量,结果发现:多形性腺瘤细胞核形态及 DNA 含量与其临床病理特征密切相关,包膜侵犯者与包膜完整者比较,上皮成份为主型与粘液成份为主型比较,病史≥6年与病史≤3年比较。瘤体>2.5 cm与瘤体≤2.5 cm比较。瘤细胞核增大、DNA 含量增多,增殖更活跃。认为:1形态测量及 NDA 定量分析对多形性腺瘤合理分型诊断有价值,2多形性腺瘤在其生长过程中恶性度逐渐增大。     

涎腺粘液表皮样癌预后因素的分子生物学研究

近年来 ,随着分子生物学理论和技术的不断发展和完善 ,对涎腺ＭＥＣ的分子生物学研究结果不断地被纳入对其预后的预测中。本文对影响涎腺ＭＥＣ预后的分子生物学因素研究现状综述如下。1　ＤＮＡ倍体状态及增殖分数 (ＤＮＡｐｌｏｉｄｙａｎｄｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｆｒａｃｔｉｏｎ)　　肿瘤细胞ＤＮＡ异倍体是恶性肿瘤的特征性标示之一 ,瘤细胞的增殖分数决定肿瘤的恶性程度 ,采用流式细胞术 (ｆｌｏｗｃｙｔｏｍｅｔｒｙ ,ＦＣＭ )对癌细胞ＤＮＡ倍体状态及其增殖分数进行分析 ,可为预测患者的预后提供客观的信息[1] 。Ｂａｔｓａｋ…     

正常口腔粘膜,白斑及鳞癌的细胞核DNA定量研究

采用Ｆｅｕｌｇｅｎ染色及图象分析仪测定口腔粘膜基底细胞核的ＤＮＡ含量。结果表明：从正常口腔粘膜到各级白斑、鳞癌，细胞核ＤＮＡ含量逐级升高，各组间有显著差异。随着白斑病变程度的加重，ＤＮＡ二倍体病例减少，出现非整倍体，ＤＮＡ直方图分布较正常分散，出现多峰型，超五倍体细胞（５ＣＥＲ）逐级增加。鳞癌的细胞核ＤＮＡ含量随着组织学分级的升高，有增高的趋势，ＤＮＡ直方图分布较白斑更宽且多样化。     

涎腺良恶性肌上皮肿瘤DNA含量与临床预后间关系的探讨

采用多功能图象分析技术对22例涎腺良、恶性肌上皮肿瘤进行 DNA 含量的研究表明,肌上皮瘤是一种以二倍体和近二倍体为主的肿瘤,在生物学行为上属于良性肿瘤;而肌上皮癌则以增殖倍体、高倍体和非整倍体为主,其增殖倍体大于50%;高倍体和非整倍体大于20%,是一种恶性度较高的肿瘤。良、恶性肌上皮肿瘤在核 DNA 含量上存在着明显的差异。作者讨论了 DNA 含量与临床预后之间的相互关系,并认为肿瘤中大于5C 细胞的数量是提示预后的客观指标。     

涎腺良、恶性多形性腺瘤DNA含量的流式细胞术研究

涎腺良、恶性多形性腺瘤ＤＮＡ含量的流式细胞术研究朱茜如贾问炬张贤良我们采用流式细胞术（ｆｌｏｗｃｙｔｏｍｅｔｒｙ，ＦＣＭ）技术，对正常涎腺、慢性涎腺炎、涎腺良性、交界性及恶性多形性腺瘤瘤细胞核内ＤＮＡ含量进行定量检测分析，并结合临床资料，探讨肿瘤细胞...     

Nuclear area and Feulgen DNA content of normal buccal mucosal smears

Malignant cells usually have an abnormal DNA content demonstrable by cytophotometry of Feulgen stained tissue. The diagnostic reliability of the technique is reduced because some malignant cells have a normal Feulgen DNA content. If Feulgen DNA content can be combined with measurements of additional cytological characteristics known to vary in malignancy, reliable diagnostic criteria may be forthcoming. In this study, Feulgen DNA content and nuclear area were estimated in 50 squames from the buccal mucosa in each of 14 young adults. Nuclear Feulgen DNA content was determined using an M85 microdensitometer and nuclear area was measured using a Reichert MOP image analyser.
In each specimen, Feulgen DNA content was consistent with a nonreplicating cell population. Although nuclear area varied in each specimen, the variation in mean nuclear area among the sample of 14 was not statistically significant. It is concluded that nuclear area provides an accurate baseline against which future measurements on abnormal tissue can be compared.     

多形性腺瘤的计量病理学研究

本研究采用多功能图象分析系统对18例良、恶性多形性腺瘤中肿瘤性肌上皮细胞的核形态和DNA含量进行测定。结果表明,两种肿瘤在核面积、周长、最大径、最小径、形状因子及等效圆直径上差别有显著性。在DNA含量和近4C％含量上相同,而在近2C％和5CER上差别有显著性。多形性腺瘤中肿瘤性肌上皮细胞的DNA含量和5CER的含量已达到恶性肿瘤细胞水平,提示该细胞的这一特性与多形性腺瘤“好种植,易复发”的生物学行为有着密切的关系。     

Central giant cell granulomas of the jaws. Nuclear DNA analysis using image cytometry

Giant cell nuclear DNA, in 30 giant cell lesions of the jaws, was quantified by computer-assisted image analysis. DNA content was then used to predict clinical behavior and outcome. 4 nuclei in each of 25 giant cells (total = 100 nuclei) were randomly selected and the DNA content was quantified by the Leitz Texture-Analysis-System-Plus. DNA in nuclei of normal appearing stromal fibroblasts (n = 20) was similarly measured. The DNA index was calculated as the mean nuclear DNA content of giant cells divided by the mean DNA content of control fibroblasts. The mean DNA-index of aggressive lesions (1.09, SD = 0.12) was not significantly different from that of non-aggressive lesions (1.18, SD = 0.15) (p = 0.093). The results indicate that the nuclear DNA content of giant cells is not useful as a predictor of the clinical behavior of giant cell lesions of the jaws.     

The application of microspectrocytofluorometric measurement of Feulgen nuclear DNA content in experimental tumors of rat submandibular gland, 2. The correlation between proliferative ability and nuclear DNA content of tumor tissue in autotransplanted areas

We have reported that there is a difference in the variation of the nuclear DNA content of tumor cells among cases of squamous cell carcinoma induced by 9,10-dimelhyl-1,2-benzanlhracenc (DMBA) in the rat submandibular gland. In the present investigation, the relationship between the nuclear DNA content of tumor cells in autotransplanted sections collected from primary lesions of DMBA-induced tumors and their proliferative ability in the subfascial area of the rat abdomen was examined. As a result of autotransplantation, proliferation in the autotransplanted area was observed in 6 of 14 (42.8%) cases of autotransplantation. Five of these had a keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma while the remaining one had a sareomatoid tumor. The histological type of the tumor of the proliferative lesion in the transplanted area was very similar to that of the tumor tissues in the primary lesion or the transplanted section collected from the primary lesions. In the proliferative group, marked variation of the nuclear DNA content was observed in the tumor cells of the transplanted section. The proliferative index (PI) was high for these tumor cells in this group. There was no variation in the nuclear DNA content in the tumor cells of the nonproliferative group, and the PI was also low. These results were considered to suggest that there was a correlation between the nuclear DNA content of these experimental tumor cell and their proliferative ability in the autotransplanted area. Therefore, the determination of nuclear DNA content by this method can be used as an objective index of the proliferative ability of tumor tissue.     

Evaluation of nucleolar organizer regions in maxillary osteosarcoma

Maxillary osteosarcomas are a relatively frequent malignant tumor of the oral cavity. Similarly to other skeletal osteosarcomas, they exhibit different cellular differentiation patterns, i.e. chondroblastic, osteoblastic, or fibroblastic. Although their histological features resemble those of osteosarcomas of the long bones, their pattern of evolution usually differs. Morphometric variations in silver stained Nucleolar Organizer Regions (AgNOR) have proved of value to study the biology of several tumors. However, information on the analysis of AgNOR in maxillary tumors is scarce. The aim of the present study was to analyze the variations of different morphological parameters related to AgNOR in a series of 32 cases of maxillary osteosarcoma. In each case we analyzed 100 nuclei corresponding to the prevalent cellular differentiation type, selecting the most aggressive area. We employed software previously developed at our laboratory that yields information on different AgNOR-related parameters. The results were compared with those previously reported in a study on 12 cases of osteosarcoma of long bones. Six cases of oral mucosa squamous cell carcinoma were also included for comparative purposes. Single AgNOR volume proved to be the most discriminatory and informative parameter. The value of single AgNOR volume was considerably lower in mandible osteosarcomas than in osteosarcomas of the upper maxilla (p=0.02). The values were significantly lower in maxillary osteosarcomas than in long bone osteosarcomas and in oral carcinomas. This finding would suggest a slower rate of cell activity in maxillary osteosarcomas, associated in turn to its known lower degree of aggressiveness. The present results suggest that the analysis of AgNOR is a valuable and easily applicable marker to determine the degree of malignancy and biology of maxillary osteosarcomas.     

The application of microspectrocytofluorometric measurement of Feulgen nuclear DNA content in experimental tumors of rat submandibular gland, 2. The correlation between proliferative ability and nuclear DNA content of tumor tissue in autotransplanted areas

We have reported that there is a difference in the variation of the nuclear DNA content of tumor cells among cases of squamous cell carcinoma induced by 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) in the rat submandibular gland. In the present investigation, the relationship between the nuclear DNA content of tumor cells in autotransplanted sections collected from primary lesions of DMBA-induced tumors and their proliferative ability in the subfascial area of the rat abdomen was examined. As a result of autotransplantation, proliferation in the autotransplanted area was observed in 6 of 14 (42.8%) cases of autotransplantation. Five of these had a keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma while the remaining one had a sarcomatoid tumor. The histological type of the tumor of the proliferative lesion in the transplanted area was very similar to that of the tumor tissues in the primary lesion or the transplanted section collected from the primary lesions. In the proliferative group, marked variation of the nuclear DNA content was observed in the tumor cells of the transplanted section. The proliferative index (PI) was high for these tumor cells in this group. There was no variation in the nuclear DNA content in the tumor cells of the nonproliferative group, and the PI was also low. These results were considered to suggest that there was a correlation between the nuclear DNA content of these experimental tumor cell and their proliferative ability in the autotransplanted area. Therefore, the determination of nuclear DNA content by this method can be used as an objective index of the proliferative ability of tumor tissue.     

计算机在涎腺肌上皮肿瘤诊断中的应用价值

采用多功能图像分析技术对４０例涎腺肿瘤（肌上皮瘤１２例，肌上皮癌１０例，多形性腺瘤１２例，多形性腺瘤中的癌６例）中的肿瘤性肌上皮细胞进行细胞核形态及ＤＮＡ含量的测定，在此基础上采用多因素分析方法判别计算机诊断与专家诊断的符合率。研究结果表明：单纯利用形态参数或ＤＮＡ含量指标判断肿瘤，计算机诊断出现较大的误差；而综合形态参数和ＤＮＡ含量指标共同判断，计算机诊断与专家诊断的符合率达１００％     

恶性成釉细胞瘤定量病理学研究

目的:探讨恶性成釉细胞瘤细胞核形态参数、DNA含量及AgNOR形态分型和计数在诊断中的意义。方法: 选取17例恶性成釉细胞瘤患者的切除标本行HE、AgNOR及DNA染色,应用图像分析仪对细胞核形态几何参数、 DNA含量及倍体、AgNOR进行定量分析。结果:在细胞核的几何参数中,恶性成釉细胞瘤细胞的面积、周长、等圆直径、短径、平均直径、圆度、轴比与良性成釉细胞瘤均有显著性差异(P<0101)。恶性成釉细胞瘤AgNOR计数和 DNA指数显著高于良性成釉细胞瘤(P<0101)。根据核形态参数和DNA指数建立了判别恶性成釉细胞瘤的回归方程。结论:细胞核DNA含量和形态参数的测定以及AgNOR分型和计数有助于恶性成釉细胞瘤的鉴别诊断。     

成釉细胞瘤中心体的检测及意义

目的:检测成釉细胞瘤(AB)中心体的改变,分析其与细胞DNA含量及细胞增殖能力的关系,探讨中心体异常与AB生物学行为的相关性.方法:采用免疫荧光及免疫组化方法检测101例AB、5例成釉细胞癌、10例正常口腔黏膜及10例口腔鳞癌(OSCC)的中心体状况和kj-67的表达,检测细胞DNA含量,采用SPSS11.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析.结果:①29.7%的AB和70.0%的OSCC表现出中心体异常,而正常口腔黏膜上皮细胞无中心体异常表现(X2=165.905,P=0.000).②AB细胞DNA含量平均为15420.37,高于正常口腔黏膜组,低于OSCC组(F=16.523,P=0.000).③AB中心体异常组和OSCC中心体异常组细胞DNA含量间存在显著差异,且均与正常口腔黏膜组存在显著差异(F=10.222,P=-0.000).AB及OSCC的中心体异常组与中心体正常组间也存在显著差异(分别为F=40.901,P=0.000和F=7.863,P=-0.023).④AB ki-67 LI平均为3.41,且随AB的复发,与恶变有增强的趋势(F=4.344,P=0.017).⑤AB中心体的异常与ki-67的表达相关(r=0.341,P=0.006),但细胞DNA含量与ki-67 u无相关(r=0.156,P=0.218).结论:部分AB中存在中心体的异常,与细胞DNA含量的增多有关,并可能与AB基因组不稳定相关.