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1.
Brian Barger Catherine Rice Rebecca Wolf Andrew Roach 《Disability and health journal》2018,11(3):420-426
Background
Widely recommended developmental surveillance methods include developmental monitoring (DM) and development screening (DS). Much research has been done on DS, but very little research has compared the effectiveness of DM and DS together.Objectives
To investigate the relationship between DM and DS in Part C early intervention (EI) service receipt.Methods
Authors used data from the 2007/2008 and 2011/2012 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). Authors report the prevalence of children aged 10 months to 3 years who received (a) DM only, (b) DS only, (c) both DM and DS, and (c) no DM or DS across survey years. Authors compare the odds of EI receipt across these groups.Results
During both periods, estimated EI receipt prevalence was higher for children receiving both DM and DS (8.38% in 2007/2008; 6.47% in 2011/2012) compared to children receiving no DM or DS (1.31% in 2007/2008; 1.92% in 2011/2012), DM alone (2.74% in 2007/2008; 2.70% in 2011/2012), or DS alone (3.59% in 2007/2008; 3.09% in 2011/2012) (for both time frames, p?<?.05). From 2007/2008 to 2011/2012, the proportion of children receiving DS only and both DM and DS increased, while children receiving DM only and no DM or DS decreased.Conclusions
Children receiving DM and DS together were more likely to receive EI compared to children receiving DM alone, DS alone, or neither DM nor DS. These findings support the AAP recommendations indicating that DM and DS are complementary strategies for improving early identification and linkage to EI for young children. 相似文献2.
Michelle Miller Jolene Thomas Jenni Suen De Sheng Ong Yogesh Sharma 《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2018,118(5):896-903
Background
Undernourished patients discharged from the hospital require follow-up; however, attendance at return visits is low. Teleconsultations may allow remote follow-up of undernourished patients; however, no valid method to remotely perform physical examination, a critical component of assessing nutritional status, exists.Objective
This study aims to compare agreement between photographs taken by trained dietitians and in-person physical examinations conducted by trained dietitians to rate the overall physical examination section of the scored Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA).Design
Nested cross-sectional study.Participants/setting
Adults aged ≥60 years, admitted to the general medicine unit at Flinders Medical Centre between March 2015 and March 2016, were eligible. All components of the PG-SGA and photographs of muscle and fat sites were collected from 192 participants either in the hospital or at their place of residence after discharge.Main outcome measures
Validity of photograph-based physical examination was determined by collecting photographic and PG-SGA data from each participant at one encounter by trained dietitians. A dietitian blinded to data collection later assessed de-identified photographs on a computer.Statistical analyses performed
Percentage agreement, weighted kappa agreement, sensitivity, and specificity between the photographs and in-person physical examinations were calculated. All data collected were included in the analysis.Results
Overall, the photograph-based physical examination rating achieved a percentage agreement of 75.8% against the in-person assessment, with a weighted kappa agreement of 0.526 (95% CI: 0.416, 0.637; P<0.05) and a sensitivity-specificity pair of 66.9% (95% CI: 57.8%, 75.0%) and 92.4% (95% CI: 82.5%, 97.2%).Conclusions
Photograph-based physical examination by trained dietitians achieved a nearly acceptable percentage agreement, moderate weighted kappa, and fair sensitivity-specificity pair. Methodological refinement before field testing with other personnel may improve the agreement and accuracy of photograph-based physical examination. 相似文献3.
Fabio Bertapelli Stamatis Agiovlasitis Maira Rossmann Machado Raísa do Val Roso Gil Guerra-Junior 《Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association》2017,27(6):265-273
Background
The growth of youth with Down syndrome (DS) differs from that of youth without DS, and growth charts specific to DS have been developed. However, little is known about the growth of Brazilian youth with DS. The objective of this study was to construct growth charts for Brazilian youth with DS and compare the growth data with the Child Growth Standards of the World Health Organization (WHO) and charts for children with DS from other studies.Methods
Mixed longitudinal and cross-sectional data were collected at University of Campinas, 48 specialized centers for people with intellectual disabilities, and two foundations for people with DS between 2012 and 2015. A total of 10,516 growth measurements from birth to 20 years of age were available from 938 youth with DS (53.7% boys) born between 1980 and 2013. The Lambda Mu Sigma method was applied to construct the curves using generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape.Results
Length/height-for-age, weight-for-age, and head circumference-for-age percentile curves were generated for Brazilian boys and girls from birth to 20 years of age. Differences in growth of Brazilian youth ranged from ?0.8 to ?3.2 z-scores compared to WHO standards, and ?1.9 to +1.3 compared to children with DS in other studies.Conclusions
These specific growth charts may guide clinicians and families in monitoring the growth of Brazilian children and adolescents with DS. 相似文献4.
Andrew R. Zullo Tingting Zhang Francesca L. Beaudoin Yoojin Lee Kevin W. McConeghy Douglas P. Kiel Lori A. Daiello Vincent Mor Sarah D. Berry 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2018,19(2):174-176
Objectives
To examine the association between use of opioids versus other analgesics with death and functioning after hip fracture in older nursing home (NH) residents.Design
Retrospective cohort using national Medicare fee-for-service claims linked to the Minimum Data Set.Setting
US NHs.Participants
NH residents aged ≥65 years who became a long-stay resident (>100 days in the NH) between January 2008 and December 2009, had a hospitalized hip fracture, and returned to the NH.Exposure
New use of opioid versus nonopioid analgesics (acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) within 14 days post hip fracture.Measurements
Follow-up began on the index date and continued until the first occurrence of death, significant functional decline (3-point increase on MDS Activities of Daily Living scale), or 120 days of follow-up. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for outcomes were estimated using inverse probability of treatment–weighted multinomial logistic regression models.Results
Among the 2755 NH residents with a hip fracture included in our study, 1155 (41.9%) were opioid users, and 1600 (58.1%) were nonopioid analgesic users. The mean age was 86.3 years, 73.8% were female, and 86.0% were white. Opioid use was associated with a significantly lower likelihood of death (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.39-0.56) and a nonsignificant decrease in functional decline (OR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.58-1.03).Conclusion
A rigorous study that addresses the limitations of this study is critical to validate our preliminary findings and provide evidence about the effect of using opioid versus nonopioid analgesics to optimize acute pain in NH residents with a hip fracture. 相似文献5.
Nicole Larson Qi Wang Katherine Grannon Susan Wei Marilyn S. Nanney Caitlin Caspi 《Journal of nutrition education and behavior》2018,50(2):125-132.e1
Objective
Evaluate the impact of a grab-and-go component embedded within a larger intervention designed to promote School Breakfast Program (SBP) participation.Design
Secondary data analysis.Setting
Rural Minnesota high schools.Participants
Eight schools were enrolled in the grab-and-go only intervention component. An at-risk sample of students (n = 364) who reported eating breakfast ≤3 d/wk at baseline was enrolled at these schools.Interventions
Grab-and-go style breakfast carts and policies were introduced to allow all students to eat outside the cafeteria.Main Outcome Measures
Administrative records were used to determine percent SBP participation (proportion of non-absent days on which fully reimbursable meals were received) for each student and school-level averages.Analysis
Linear mixed models.Results
School-level increases in SBP participation from baseline to the school year of intervention implementation were observed for schools enrolled in the grab-and-go only component (13.0% to 22.6%). Student-level increases in SBP participation were observed among the at-risk sample (7.6% to 21.9%) and among subgroups defined by free- or reduced-price meal eligibility and ethnic or racial background. Participation in SBP increased among students eligible for free or reduced-price meals from 13.9% to 30.7% and among ineligible students from 4.3% to 17.2%.Conclusions and Implications
Increasing access to the SBP and social support for eating breakfast are effective promotion strategies. 相似文献6.
Henry Brodaty Liesbeth Aerts Fleur Harrison Tiffany Jessop Monica Cations Lynn Chenoweth Allan Shell Gordana C. Popovic Megan Heffernan Sarah Hilmer Perminder S. Sachdev Brian Draper 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2018,19(7):592-600.e7
Objectives
Despite limited efficacy and significant safety concerns, antipsychotic medications are frequently used to treat behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in long-term residential care. This study evaluates the sustained reduction of antipsychotic use for BPSD through a deprescribing intervention and education of health care professionals.Design
Repeated-measures, longitudinal, single-arm study.Setting
Long-term residential care of older adults.Participants
Nursing staff from 23 nursing homes recruited 139 residents taking regular antipsychotic medication for ≥3 months, without primary psychotic illness, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, or severe BPSD.Intervention
An antipsychotic deprescribing protocol was established. Education of general practitioners, pharmacists, and residential care nurses focused on nonpharmacological prevention and management of BPSD.Measurements
The primary outcome was antipsychotic use over 12-month follow-up; secondary outcomes were BPSD (Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, and social withdrawal) and adverse outcomes (falls, hospitalizations, and cognitive decline).Results
The number of older adults on regular antipsychotics over 12 months reduced by 81.7% (95% confidence interval: 72.4-89.0). Withdrawal was not accompanied by drug substitution or a significant increase in pro-re-nata antipsychotic or benzodiazepine administration. There was no change in BPSD or in adverse outcomes.Conclusion
In a selected sample of older adults living in long-term residential care, sustained reduction in regular antipsychotic use is feasible without an increase of BPSD. 相似文献7.
8.
Ashlea Braun James Portner Elizabeth M. Grainger Emily B. Hill Gregory S. Young Steven K. Clinton Colleen K. Spees 《Journal of nutrition education and behavior》2018,50(1):19-32.e1
Objective
Determine the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of tele-Motivational Interviewing (MI) for overweight cancer survivors.Design
Six-month nonrandomized phase 2 clinical trial.Setting
Urban garden and remote platforms.Participants
Overweight and obese cancer survivors post active treatment.Intervention
Remote tele-MI from a trained registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN).Main Outcome Measures
Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy.Analysis
Groups were stratified as users and nonusers based on tele-MI use. Qualitative survey data and remote MI interaction logs were analyzed for trends. Two-sample t tests were performed to assess pre-post intervention changes in physical activity and dietary behaviors, quality of life, self-efficacy, and clinical biomarkers.Results
A total of 29 participants completed the intervention. There were 17 tele-MI users (59%) and 12 nonusers (41%). Users were primarily female (88%), breast cancer survivors (59%), college educated (82%), with a mean age of 58 years. Users set 50% more goals, lost more weight (4.8 vs 2.6 kg), significantly improved quality of life (P = .03), and trended more positively in clinical biomarkers (eg, cholesterol, blood pressure) than did nonusers.Conclusions and Implications
Findings from this study indicate that tele-MI is a feasible and acceptable intervention for overweight cancer survivors after active therapy. Larger randomized trials are needed to establish efficacy and generalizability to a variety of demographic populations. 相似文献9.
Leah M. Panek-Shirley Carol DeNysschen Erin O’Brien Jennifer L. Temple 《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2018,118(10):1832-1843
Background
Caffeine is frequently added to dietary supplements with claims it facilitates weight loss.Objective
The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that caffeine administration reduces laboratory and free-living food intake by reducing appetite and that these effects vary by body mass index (BMI).Participants/setting
Fifty adults aged 18 to 50 years completed the study (42% male). Exclusion criteria included no previous experience with caffeine, previous adverse event following caffeine consumption, taking any medications or having a medical condition contraindicating caffeine or stimulant consumption or affecting appetite or eating, and reported tobacco use within the past 6 months.Design and intervention
Participants visited the laboratory on four separate occasions to complete a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study. On the first three visits, participants consumed a beverage containing 0, 1, or 3 mg/kg caffeine (order randomized). Thirty minutes later, participants consumed a buffet breakfast, ad libitum. After leaving the laboratory, participants completed hourly appetite assessments and dietary habit books until midnight or bedtime. The fourth session consisted of questionnaires, debriefing, and compensation.Main outcome measures
Total and macronutrient intake and appetite sensations in and out of the laboratory were measured.Statistical analyses performed
Intake data were analyzed using mixed analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Appetite sensations were analyzed using repeated measures mixed ANCOVA.Results
Total laboratory energy intake was lower (～10%) after 1 mg/kg caffeine (650.4±52.2 kcal at 1 mg/kg; 721.2±63.2 at 0 mg/kg; 714.7±79.0 at 3 mg/kg) (P=0.046). In the laboratory, appetite sensations were not significantly different by caffeine treatment. Out of the laboratory, neither total intake nor appetite was significantly different by caffeine treatment. There were no significant interactions between caffeine treatment and BMI on intake and appetite sensations in or out of the laboratory.Conclusions
These results suggest caffeine has weak, transient effects on energy intake and do not support caffeine as an effective appetite suppressant. 相似文献10.
Ruth M. Tappen David Newman Peter Huckfeldt Zhiyou Yang Gabriella Engstrom David G. Wolf Jill Shutes Carolina Rojido Joseph G. Ouslander 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2018,19(10):907-913.e1
Background
Medicare incentivizes the reduction of hospitalizations of nursing facility (NF) residents. The effects of these incentives on resident safety have not been examined.Objective
Examine safety indicators in NFs participating in a randomized, controlled trial of the INTERACT Quality Improvement Program.Design
Secondary analysis of a randomized trial in which intervention NFs exhibited a statistically nonsignificant reduction in hospitalizations.Setting
NFs with adequate on-site medical, radiography, laboratory, and pharmacy services, and capability for online training and data input were eligible.Participants
264 NFs randomized into intervention and comparison groups stratified by previous INTERACT use and self-reported hospital readmission rates.Intervention
NFs randomized to the intervention group received INTERACT materials, access to online training and a series of training webinars, feedback on hospitalization rates and root-cause analysis data, and monthly telephonic support.Measures
Minimum data set (MDS) data for unintentional weight loss, malnutrition, hip fracture, pneumonia, wound infection, septicemia, urinary tract infection, and falls with injury for the intervention year and the year prior; unintentional weight loss, dehydration, changes in rates of falls, pressure ulcers, severe pain, and unexpected deaths obtained from the NFs participating in the intervention through monthly telephone calls.Results
No adverse effects on resident safety, and no significant differences in safety indicators between intervention and comparison group NFs were identified, with 1 exception. Intervention NFs with high levels of INTERACT tool use reported significantly lower rates of severe pain.Conclusions/Implications
Resident safety was not compromised during implementation of a quality improvement program designed to reduce unnecessary hospitalization of NF residents. 相似文献11.
Hiroyuki Shimada Hyuma Makizako Takehiko Doi Hyuntae Park Kota Tsutsumimoto Joe Verghese Takao Suzuki 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2018,19(7):584-591
Importance
Although participation in physical and cognitive activities is encouraged to reduce the risk of dementia, the preventive efficacy of these activities for patients with mild cognitive impairment is unestablished.Objective
To compare the cognitive and mobility effects of a 40-week program of combined cognitive and physical activity with those of a health education program.Design
A randomized, parallel, single-blind controlled trial.Setting
A population-based study of participants recruited from Obu, a residential suburb of Nagoya, Japan.Participants
Between August 2011 and February 2012, we evaluated 945 adults 65?years or older with mild cognitive impairment, enrolled 308, and randomly assigned them to the combined activity group (n?=?154) or the health education control group (n?=?154).Interventions
The combined activity program involved weekly 90-minute sessions for 40?weeks focused on physical and cognitive activities. The control group attended 90-minute health promotion classes thrice during the 40-week trial period.Measurement
The outcome measures were assessed at the study's beginning and end by personnel blinded to mild cognitive impairment subtype and group. The primary endpoints were postintervention changes in scores on (1) the Mini-Mental State Examination as a measure of general cognitive status and memory, (2) the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised–Logical Memory II, and (3) the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. We applied mobility assessments and assessed brain atrophy with magnetic resonance imaging.Results
Compared with the control group, the combined activity group showed significantly greater scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (difference?=?0.8 points, P?=?.012) and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised–Logical Memory II (difference?=?1.0, P?=?.004), significant improvements in mobility and the nonmemory domains and reduced left medial temporal lobe atrophy in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (Z-score difference?=??31.3, P?<?.05).Conclusion
Combined physical and cognitive activity improves or maintains cognitive and physical performance in older adults with mild cognitive impairment, especially the amnestic type. 相似文献12.
Mary J. Christoph Nicole Larson Melissa N. Laska Dianne Neumark-Sztainer 《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2018,118(2):217-228
Background
Nutrition labels are a low-cost tool with the potential to encourage healthy eating habits.Objective
To investigate correlates of frequent Nutrition Facts label use, describe the types of label information most often used, and measure how label use relates to dietary intake in young adults.Design
Cross-sectional population-based study of young adults participating in Project Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults-IV.Participants/setting
Surveys and food frequency questionnaires were completed during 2015-2016 by young adults (N=1,817; weighted sample=49% women) aged 25 to 36 years.Main outcome measures
Nutrition Facts label use, frequency of using specific information on labels, and dietary intake.Statistical analyses performed
Relative risks and adjusted means were used to examine how demographic, behavior, and weight-related factors were associated with Nutrition Facts panel use, and how label use related to dietary outcomes. Associations with P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results
Approximately one-third (31.4%) of participants used Nutrition Facts labels “frequently.” Use was significantly higher for women; for participants with high education and income; among those who prepared food regularly; among those who were physically active; among those with a weight status classified as overweight; and among those who were trying to lose, gain, or maintain weight. Label components used most often included sugars (74.1%), total calories (72.9%), serving size (67.9%), and the ingredient list (65.8%). Nutrition Facts label users consumed significantly more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and fewer sugar-sweetened beverages, compared with nonusers. Nutrition Facts label users ate significantly more frequently at sit-down restaurants but less frequently at fast-food restaurants compared with nonusers.Conclusions
Although Nutrition Facts label use was associated with markers of better dietary quality in a population-based sample of young adults, only one-third of participants used labels frequently. Methods to improve label use should be studied, particularly through leveraging weight- or health-related goals (eg, interest in making healthier food choices), and meeting consumer preferences concerning label content. 相似文献13.
Davide Liborio Vetrano Emanuele Rocco Villani Giulia Grande Silvia Giovannini Maria Camilla Cipriani Ester Manes-Gravina Roberto Bernabei Graziano Onder 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2018,19(8):710-713
Objectives
To test the association between polypharmacy and 1-year change in physical and cognitive function among nursing home (NH) residents.Design
Longitudinal multicenter cohort study based on data from the Services and Health for Elderly in Long TERm care (SHELTER) study.Setting
NH in Europe (n = 50) and Israel (n = 7).Participants
3234 NH older residents.Measurements
Participants were assessed through the interRAI long-term care facility instrument. Polypharmacy was defined as the concurrent use of 5 to 9 drugs and excessive polypharmacy as the use of ≥10 drugs. Cognitive function was assessed through the Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS). Functional status was evaluated through the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Hierarchy scale. The change in CPS and ADL score, based on repeated assessments, was the outcome, and their association with polypharmacy was modeled via linear mixed models. The interaction between polypharmacy and time was reported [beta and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs)].Results
A total of 1630 (50%) residents presented with polypharmacy and 781 (24%) excessive polypharmacy. After adjusting for potential confounders, residents on polypharmacy (beta 0.10, 95% CI 0.01-0.20) and those on excessive polypharmacy (beta 0.13, 95% CI 0.01-0.24) had a significantly higher decline in CPS score compared to those using <5 drugs. No statistically (P > .05) significant change according to polypharmacy status was shown for ADL score.Conclusions
Polypharmacy is highly prevalent among older NH residents and, over 1 year, it is associated with worsening cognitive function but not functional decline. 相似文献14.
Laura Saarelainen Anna-Maija Tolppanen Marjaana Koponen Antti Tanskanen Reijo Sund Jari Tiihonen Sirpa Hartikainen Heidi Taipale 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2017,18(1):87.e15-87.e21
Objectives
To investigate the association between benzodiazepine and related drug (BZDR) use and hip fracture as well as postfracture mortality and duration of hospital stay in community-dwellers with and without Alzheimer disease (AD).Design
Retrospective cohort study.Setting
The register-based Medication Use and Alzheimer's disease (MEDALZ) study, including all community-dwelling persons diagnosed with AD in Finland during 2005–2011 (n = 70,718) and their matched comparison persons without AD.Participants
Persons without BZDR use during the year preceding the AD diagnosis or the corresponding matching date as well as persons without history of hip fracture were included in this study.Measurements
We investigated the risk of hip fracture associated with BZDR use compared with nonuse separately in persons with and without AD. Further, we investigated the association between BZDR use during hip fracture and 1-year mortality as well as longer than a 4-month hospital stay after hip fracture. Associations were reported as hazard ratios and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results
BZDR use was associated with an increased risk of hip fracture in persons with and without AD (adjusted hazard ratio 1.4 [95% CI 1.2–1.7] and 1.6 [95% CI 1.3–1.9], respectively). BZDR use during hip fracture was associated with longer than 4-month postfracture hospital stay in persons with AD [adjusted odds ratio 1.9 (95% CI 1.3–2.8)] but not in comparison persons. One-year mortality was not associated with BZDR use during hip fracture.Conclusions
Higher threshold in prescribing BZDRs for neuropsychiatric symptoms might decrease the hip fracture rate and affect the length of hospital stay in persons with AD. 相似文献15.
Xiaonan Ma Patricia A. Sharpe Bethany A. Bell Jihong Liu Kellee White Angela D. Liese 《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2018,118(10):1844-1854
Background
Little is known about the food acquisition and shopping habits of residents living in food deserts.Objective
To identify distinct food acquisition and shopping patterns among residents, most of whom (81%) live in food desert (low income and low access) census tracts, and characterize these patterns with respect to the residents’ socioeconomic status, nutrition knowledge, and perceptions of their food environment.Design
This is a cross-sectional study.Participants/setting
Four hundred sixty-six primary food shoppers were included from two counties in South Carolina during 2013-2014.Main outcome measures
Participants’ self-reported food acquisition and shopping habits, including shopping distance; frequency; store type; transportation mode; use of farmers’ markets, food banks/pantries, and church/social service organizations, were used to develop shopping patterns and group residents. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participation, food security, income, and education, nutrition knowledge, and perceptions of the food environment were used to characterize these groups.Statistical analyses performed
Latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression were used to identify and characterize patterns, respectively.Results
Three patterns were identified, including those who use community food resources, are infrequent grocery shoppers, and use someone else’s car or public transportation when shopping (Class 1) (35%), those who use community food resources and are more frequent and proximal shoppers (Class 2) (41%), and those who do not use community food resources and are distal shoppers (Class 3) (24%). Compared with Class 3, Class 1 had comparatively lower socioeconomic status. Class 2 also had comparatively lower socioeconomic attributes except for income. Class 2 was not significantly different from Class 1 except that a higher proportion in Class 1 saw food access as a problem. No significant differences across classes were found regarding fruit and vegetable recommendation knowledge.Conclusions
Shopping frequency, use of community food resources, transportation methods, and shopping distance were the key factors that defined distinct patterns among residents living in low-income areas. Future interventions to increase healthy food access in underserved areas should not only consider accessibility but also community food resource use. 相似文献16.
Véronique Bissonnette-Maheux Audrée-Anne Dumas Véronique Provencher Annie Lapointe Marilyn Dugrenier Sharon Straus Marie-Pierre Gagnon Sophie Desroches 《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2018,118(7):1220-1227.e3
Background
Healthy eating blogs are knowledge translation tools used by nutrition and dietetics practitioners for helping people improve their health behaviors and food choices.Objective
Our aim was to explore women’s perceptions of the usefulness and ease of use of healthy eating blog (HEB) characteristics that might increase potential users’ intention to use them as tools to improve their dietary habits.Design
We conducted qualitative research using semi-structured individual interviews.Participants
Thirty-three women (mean age of 44 years; range=27 to 61 years) living in the Quebec City, Canada, metropolitan area were studied.Intervention
Four existing HEBs, written by French-Canadian registered dietitians (RDs) whose main objective was the promotion of a healthy diet, were explored by women during individual interviews. A standardized open-ended interview questionnaire based on the Technology Acceptance Model was used to identify women's perceptions about characteristics of type of blog content delivery, RD blogger's delivery of information, blog layout, and blog design.Main outcome measures
Women's perceptions toward the contribution of HEB characteristics to the usefulness and ease of use of those tools to improve their dietary habits were measured.Analyses performed
Interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed through an inductive content analysis using NVivo software.Results
The most useful characteristics of type of blog content delivery identified by women were recipes, hyperlinks, and references. Among characteristics of RD blogger's delivery of information, most women reported that interaction between blog readers and the RD blogger created a sense of proximity and of connection that was helpful for improving their dietary behaviors. Women's perceptions toward various characteristics of blog layout and design were also discussed.Conclusions
Incorporating specific characteristics when designing HEBs should be considered by RDs and future research to promote the use of those tools to support dietary behavior change efforts of internet users. 相似文献17.
Lauren T. Ptomey Amanda N. Szabo Erik A. Willis Anna M. Gorczyca J. Leon Greene Jessica C. Danon Joseph E. Donnelly 《Disability and health journal》2018,11(3):486-490
Background
Between 250,000 and 400,000 individuals in the United States are diagnosed with Down syndrome (DS). Nearly all adults with DS will develop Alzheimer's disease pathology starting in their thirties. Recent studies suggest that increased physical activity (PA) may be important for maintaining components of cognition, including memory.Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in cognitive function after completion of a 12-week exercise intervention in adults with DS.Methods
Participants were randomized to attend 30-minute group exercise sessions 1 or 2 times a week for 12 weeks. The exercise sessions were delivered via video conferencing on a tablet computer to groups of 5–8 participants. Sessions consisted of aerobic based exercises such as walking and jogging to music, dancing, as well as strength based exercises such as vertical jumps, bicep curls, and squats. Cognitive function was measured at baseline and end of study using the Cantab Dementia Battery for iPads, which assessed the cognitive domains of memory, attention, and reaction time.Results
Twenty-seven participants (27.9?±?7.1 years of age, 40.7% female) enrolled and completed the 12-week intervention. Participants randomized to 1 session/week averaged 26.6?±?3.0?min/week of PA from the group exercise session. Participants randomized to 2 sessions/week averaged 57.7?±?15.3?min/week of PA from the group exercise sessions. Participants improved their performance on the two memory variables (p?=?0.048 and p?=?0.069).Conclusion
Increased exercise may have positive changes on memory and other cognitive functions. 相似文献18.
Michele A. DeBiasse Deborah J. Bowen Paula A. Quatromoni Emily Quinn Lisa M. Quintiliani 《Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics》2018,118(2):301-307
Background
Comprehensive evaluation of dietary interventions depends on effective and efficient measurement to quantify behavior change. To date, little is known regarding which self-reported measure of dietary intake is most feasible and acceptable for use in evaluation of the effectiveness of diet intervention studies among underserved populations.Objective
This research focused on evaluating feasibility and acceptability of two self-report measures of diet.Design
Cross-sectional.Participants/setting
Two interviewer-administered 24-hour recalls and a 110-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were administered to both English- and Spanish-speaking participants (n=36) by native English- and Spanish-speaking research assistants. On completion of both dietary assessments, participants were interviewed regarding their preference of measure.Main outcome measures
Feasibility for completion of the dietary assessment measures was determined for contacts and retention. Acceptability of the measures was determined through responses to open- and closed-ended questions.Results
During the 5-month trial, 36 participants were enrolled; 29 completed both intake measures, and 26 completed both measures and the interview. Participants were mainly Hispanic/Latina (72%), with a mean age of 37.0 (±7.6) years. Feasibility targets were met for contacts (1.9, 1.6, 1.8 contact attempts to complete each diet assessment measure with a target of ≤2) and for retention with 89% and 91% completing two 24-hour recalls and the FFQ, respectively. Participants indicated both diet assessment methods were generally acceptable; both positive and negative comments were received for use of the FFQ.Conclusion
Dietary assessment with the use of 24-hour recalls or an FFQ can be feasible and acceptable among women with low socioeconomic status, although care should be taken to address cultural appropriateness in the selection of the measurement method. 相似文献19.
Claudia K.Y. Lai Xiaojuan Wan 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2017,18(6):509-514