医学期刊论文作者署名状况及问题思考

目的调查研究医学期刊论文作者署名问题。方法选择《中国煤炭工业医学杂志》、《首都医科大学学报》、《中国健康心理学杂志》、《中国综合临床》、《全科医学临床与教育》和《中国医院统计》6种刊物2010年发表的3 156篇学术论著的9 429名署名作者进行研究;并对≥4名作者的988篇学术论文中的2 468名署名作者中进行问卷调查。结果每篇论文署名作者1～16名不等,平均3名作者;省级以上基金项目1 030项,署名865项,占84%;≥4名作者的学术论文的2 468名署名作者符合作者资格者1 086名,占44%;532名署名第一作者符合作者资格者475名,占89%;43名通讯作者符合作者资格者38名,占88%;532张收回问卷有53张问卷的署名作者均不具备作者资格,占6%。结论作者的《著作权法》和学术道德伦理意识不强,不重视署名问题;作者、志谢对象、著作权、著作权人、署名权、署名资格等基本概念模糊;作者署名功能异化,署名具有很大的随意性。     

3种肿瘤学期刊2000-2003年刊登的治疗类文献分析

目的 评价已刊登的肿瘤治疗类文献所提供的证据的正确性及其参考价值。方法 选择被引频次在我国排名前三位的肿瘤学期刊2000年1月至2003年5月刊登的化学治疗类论文。从论文类型、试验设计、例数、疗效及不良反应等结果的描述和分析等方面对文献进行评价。结果 3种杂志中刊登的治疗类论文共93篇，其中18篇(19．3％)为随机试验，37篇(39．8％)为非随机试验，38篇(40．9％)为回顾性分析；28篇(30．1％)研究或总结分析的病例数偏少(不足30例)，37篇(39．8％)仅评价远期疗效，15篇(16．1％)未描述或仅介绍部分病例的不良反应情况。56篇研究论文中，有9篇(16．4％)未对病例流失的原因进行说明。非随机临床疗效试验研究中，有54．0％(20／37)没有设置对照组。结论 国内期刊刊登的肿瘤治疗类论文尚有很大一部分研究设计不够完善，其论证强度不高；在引用或参考这些文献时，应非常慎重。     

中文期刊全文数据库收录生物医学核心期刊论文的比较研究

分析了3个中文期刊全文数据库收录生物医学期刊文献数量、核心期刊种数及20种核心期刊1998年以来收录的论文数量。这3个数据库收录的生物医学期刊和核心期刊的完整性因中华医学会的115种期刊整体电子版权的独家代理而受到影响,因此必须合理选择和使用全文数据库,才能开创医学信息服务的新局面。     

医学期刊论文分类标引

用《中图法》第三版和第四版，对医学期刊论文进行分类标引，通过对标引质量的比较，归纳了《中图法》第四版提高R大类和Q大类论文标引质量的4种方法。     

Accuracy of data in abstracts of published research articles

Context  The section of a research article most likely to be read is the abstract, and therefore it is particularly important that the abstract reflect the article faithfully. Objective  To assess abstracts accompanying research articles published in 6 medical journals with respect to whether data in the abstract could be verified in the article itself. Design  Analysis of simple random samples of 44 articles and their accompanying abstracts published during 1 year (July 1, 1996-June 30, 1997) in each of 5 major general medical journals (Annals of Internal Medicine, BMJ, JAMA, Lancet, and New England Journal of Medicine) and a consecutive sample of 44 articles published during 15 months (July 1, 1996-August 15, 1997) in the CMAJ. Main Outcome Measure  Abstracts were considered deficient if they contained data that were either inconsistent with corresponding data in the article's body (including tables and figures) or not found in the body at all. Results  The proportion of deficient abstracts varied widely (18%-68%) and to a statistically significant degree (P<.001) among the 6 journals studied. Conclusions  Data in the abstract that are inconsistent with or absent from the article's body are common, even in large-circulation general medical journals.      

简单合并模型与双变量模型在诊断试验Meta分析中的使用现状调查

目的：调查2014年1月至11月国内期刊发表的诊断试验准确性（diagnostic test accuracy,DTA）Meta分析中简单合并模型与双变量模型的使用现状,分析两模型间结果的差异性,并探讨这种差异性与研究间异质性大小的关系。方法：对《中国生物医学文献数据库》2014年1月至11月收录的文献进行检索,纳入DTA Meta分析,描述模型使用的相关信息,提取四格表数据,使用简单合并模型和双变量模型进行重分析,用非参数检验比较模型结果间差值,定性探究灵敏度、特异度异质性大小与结果间差值的关系。结果：共纳入55篇文章,包括58个DTA Meta分析,其中25个Meta分析用于重分析。简单合并模型与双变量模型的使用比例分别为90.9%（50/55）、1.8%（1/55）,使用其他合并模型或未合并灵敏度和特异度的文献比例为7.3%（4/55）。在50篇使用简单合并模型合并灵敏度和特异度的文章中,41篇（82.0%）存在误用Meta-disc软件的可能。两种模型所得灵敏度、特异度差值中位数均为0.011（P<0.001,P=0.031）,灵敏度和特异度差值随着I²增大变异程度逐渐增大,I²大于75%时变异程度更为明显。结论：国内期刊发表的DTA Meta分析对灵敏度和特异度进行合并时大多使用简单合并模型,且Meta-disc软件常被误认为可对灵敏度和特异度进行随机效应合并;简单合并模型可能低估真实值,尤其研究间异质性大时其合并值与双变量模型间差异更为明显,研究者应当提高正确认识和选用合并方法的能力。     

我国英文版科技期刊发展状况分析

探讨了我国英文版科技期刊的发展历史、现状,分析了它在中国科技期刊中的地位及其重要意义,提出了现阶段存在的一些问题及解决方法.     

Levels of evidence of articles in podiatric medical journals

The authors reviewed 322 articles in podiatric medical journals to determine their level of evidence. Only 1% of the articles reviewed were randomized controlled trials. The authors concluded that if the podiatric medical profession wishes to become a participant in evidence-based medicine, greater emphasis must be placed on studies that assess hypotheses.     

SCI收录期刊发表的医学论文数量与经费投入的关系

通过文献计量学方法分析2007-2016年医疗卫生领域发表的SCI文献,探讨世界各国的文献数量、增长趋势与医疗卫生经费投入之间的关系。结果显示,医疗卫生领域是世界科研热点之一,发文量排名前10的国家均呈增长趋势,其医疗卫生经费投入与科研文献产出高度相关(r=0.99),医疗卫生经费投入复合增长率与科研文献量复合增长率高度相关(r=0.91)。     

医院科技人员发表学术论文的采集方法与管理

报道了医院建立科技人员论文管理系统的目的，软件的主要功能和实现方法。详细介绍了期刊论文和会议论文等数据的规范填写与录入，论文的采集方法和跟踪管理，以及如何为医院领导、机关职能部门与广大技术人员积极主动地传递信息和提供查询服务，为领导决策提供科学依据。     

Postal surveys: a review of articles published in the Medical Journal of Malaysia between 1991-2000

Postal surveys are becoming an increasingly popular method of conducting research in Malaysia. However, the response rates from these surveys have not been well studied. All postal surveys published in the Medical Journal of Malaysia between 1991-2000 were therefore reviewed to provide an overview of the response rates that may be expected, and to assess if this is a valid method of conducting research here. The response rates of postal surveys ranged from 30-87.5%. Seven of 13 postal surveys (54%) had a response rate of less than 50% and only 2 of 13 (15.4%) had a response rate of more than 70%, raising doubts on the use of postal surveys as a research tool.     

Eligibility criteria of randomized controlled trials published in high-impact general medical journals: a systematic sampling review

Context  Selective eligibility criteria of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are vital to trial feasibility and internal validity. However, the exclusion of certain patient populations may lead to impaired generalizability of results. Objective  To determine the nature and extent of exclusion criteria among RCTs published in major medical journals and the contribution of exclusion criteria to the representation of certain patient populations. Data Sources and Study Selection  The MEDLINE database was searched for RCTs published between 1994 and 2006 in certain general medical journals with a high impact factor. Of 4827 articles, 283 were selected using a series technique. Data Extraction  Trial characteristics and the details regarding exclusions were extracted independently. All exclusion criteria were graded independently and in duplicate as either strongly justified, potentially justified, or poorly justified according to previously developed and pilot-tested guidelines. Data Synthesis  Common medical conditions formed the basis for exclusion in 81.3% of trials. Patients were excluded due to age in 72.1% of all trials (60.1% in pediatric populations and 38.5% in older adults). Individuals receiving commonly prescribed medications were excluded in 54.1% of trials. Conditions related to female sex were grounds for exclusion in 39.2% of trials. Of all exclusion criteria, only 47.2% were graded as strongly justified in the context of the specific RCT. Exclusion criteria were not reported in 12.0% of trials. Multivariable analyses revealed independent associations between the total number of exclusion criteria and drug intervention trials (risk ratio, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-1.65; P = .003) and between the total number of exclusion criteria and multicenter trials (risk ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.52; P = .009). Industry-sponsored trials were more likely to exclude individuals due to concomitant medication use, medical comorbidities, and age. Drug intervention trials were more likely to exclude individuals due to concomitant medication use, medical comorbidities, female sex, and socioeconomic status. Among such trials, justification for exclusions related to concomitant medication use and comorbidities were more likely to be poorly justified. Conclusions  The RCTs published in major medical journals do not always clearly report exclusion criteria. Women, children, the elderly, and those with common medical conditions are frequently excluded from RCTs. Trials with multiple centers and those involving drug interventions are most likely to have extensive exclusions. Such exclusions may impair the generalizability of RCT results. These findings highlight a need for careful consideration and transparent reporting and justification of exclusion criteria in clinical trials.      

我国医学期刊的现状与发展对策

指出了我国医学期刊存在的问题，提出了其相应的发展对策。     

部分军队医学期刊论文关键词标引质量的调查

以中国生物医学文献数据库（CBMdi8c）的主题标引为金标准，对数据库中用主题词标引的23种军队医学期刊，共计265篇医学论文关键词标引进行对比分析。发现其中存在4个方面问题：一是标引质量问题；二是主、副主题词组配错误；三是将缺乏检索意义的形容词、副词及专业上未得到公认和未被普遍使用的缩略词用作关键词；四是关键词数量普遍不足。为提尚关键词标引质量，应重视关键词标引工作的意义，切忌随意性、潦草对待；配备最新的标引工具书；标引工作严格遵循标准化程序，提高整个行业的质量水平。