血液灌流、血液透析滤过联合血透治疗尿毒症难治性高血压疗效观察

目的:比较血液灌流(HP)和血液透析滤过(HDF)联合血液透析治疗尿毒症并发难治性高血压(RH)患者的临床疗效.方法:回顾性分析26例尿毒症合并RH患者经HP及HDF治疗后血压控制情况及治疗前后血红蛋白、甲状旁腺素水平改变.结果:26例患者经过HP及HDF治疗后收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、甲状旁腺素水平均较治疗前明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),HB、ALB、干体重变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),血压均有改善.结论:尿毒症患者RH的发生与中大分子毒素以及继发性甲旁亢等有关,HP及HDF为有效的控制尿毒症患者高血压的方法.HP优于HDF.     

不同血液净化治疗方法对终末期肾病难治性高血压患者的临床观察

目的 不同血液净化方法治疗维持性血液透析患者难治性高血压的疗效观察.方法 60例终未期肾病难治性高血压患者按随机数字表法分为血液透析组,血液透析联合血液透析滤过组,血液透析联合血液灌流组,每组15例患者.血液透析联合血液透析滤过再联合血液灌流组,观察治疗前及治疗16周后所有患者血压变化及肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、全段甲状旁腺激素的水平变化.结果 各组患者治疗后血压及肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、全段甲状旁腺激素水平与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而治疗组中血液透析联合血液透析滤过再联合血液灌流组与血液透析联合血液灌流组、血液透析联合血液透析滤过组治疗后比较,血压变化及肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、全段甲状旁腺激素水平与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在维持血液透析的治疗基础上联合应用血液透析滤过及血液灌流能有效的控制终未期肾病难治性高血压.     

连续性血液净化治疗尿毒症难治性高血压疗效观察

目的：观察连续性血液净化（CBP）治疗尿毒症并发难治性高血压（RH）患者的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析32例尿毒症合并RH患者经CBP治疗后血压控制情况及治疗前后血肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、甲状旁腺素水平以及尿量、体重改变。结果：32例患者经过CBP治疗后收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、血肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、甲状旁腺素水平均较治疗前明显降低,体重较前亦有所下降,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,尿量变化差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,血压均控制在正常范围。结论：尿毒症患者RH的发生与容量负荷过重,肾素-血管紧张素系统过度活跃以及继发性甲旁亢等有关,CBP为一有效的控制尿毒症患者高血压的方法。     

不同血液净化方式联合骨化三醇冲击治疗对维持性血液透析患者肾性骨病指标的影响及意义

目的 通过观察不同血液净化方式联合骨化三醇冲击治疗对维持性血液透析患者肾性骨病指标的影响,探讨肾性骨病合适的治疗方案.方法 将60例符合标准的患者按随机数字表法分为3组,每组20例.所有患者采用骨化三醇冲击治疗,使用低钙透析液.普通透析组患者采用常规透析,血液透析滤过组患者采用血液透析滤过治疗,每周透析3次,其中血液透析滤过治疗每周1次.血液透析灌流组患者采用血液透析联合血液灌流治疗,每周透析3次,其中血液透析联合血液灌流治疗每周1次.结果 3组患者使用不同透析方式联合药物治疗3个月后发现,治疗前3组患者血钙、血磷、血甲状旁腺激素水平比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),治疗后1个月血液透析灌流组患者血磷与普通透析组患者比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而血液透析滤过组患者的血磷与普通透析组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);治疗后3个月血液透析滤过组和血液透析组患者的血甲状旁腺激素、血磷、血钙水平与普通透析组比较差异也有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而血液透析滤过组和血液透析灌流组间血甲状旁腺激素、血磷、血钙水平比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 对于维持性血液透析的患者存在高磷血症以及继发性甲状旁腺激素的升高等肾性骨病的指标异常,可以应用血液透析滤过以及血液透析联合血液灌流治疗,且安全可行.     

尿毒症并发急性胰腺炎相关因素分析

目的探讨尿毒症患者并发急性胰腺炎的相关因素与防治。方法选择2009年1月至2014年6月期间在我院住院诊断为尿毒症的患者1 665例,其中30例合并急性胰腺炎设为胰腺炎组。另外,在尿毒症未合并急性胰腺炎的1 635例患者中随机抽样抽取60例设为对照组。收集2组患者的基础资料及各项实验室指标(血白细胞、血红蛋白、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、二氧化碳结合力、血钙、血磷、全段甲状旁腺素、血脂、三酰甘油、超敏C-反应蛋白、降钙素原、D-二聚体、肾小球滤过率等),并对上述指标进行分析。结果 1 665例尿毒症患者中,30例诊断为急性胰腺炎,总体患病率为1.80%,发病率为3.28例/1000人年;血液透析患者人群中的患病率为0.92%,发病率为1.67例/1 000人年;腹膜透析患者人群中的患病率为1.20%,发病率为2.19例/1 000人年;未透析患者人群中的患病率为3.17%,发病率为5.77例/1000人年。胰腺炎组血白细胞、血尿素氮、血肌酐、二氧化碳结合力、血钙、血磷、全段甲状旁腺素、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、超敏C反应蛋白、降钙素原及肾小球滤过率等指标与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),Logistic回归分析显示,血钙和肾小球滤过率与尿毒症患者并发急性胰腺炎相关(OR=0.77,OR=0.48)。结论低钙、残余肾功能下降与尿毒症患者并发急性胰腺炎相关,在临床工作中应积极防治尿毒症患者的钙磷失衡、保护残余肾功能等。     

两种不同血液净化方式对血清钙磷和甲状旁腺激素清除的对比研究

目的 探讨血液灌流串联血液透析与血液透析滤过对尿毒症患者血清中钙、磷、甲状旁腺激素清除的效果.方法 选择长期维持并规律性进行血液透析的尿毒症患者40例,按随机数字表法分为血液灌流串联血液透析组(20例),每2周常规血液透析治疗5次,血液灌流串联血液透析治疗1次;血液透析滤过组(20例),每2周常规血液透析治疗5次,血液透析滤过治疗1次.两组疗程均为12周.分别记录首次透析前、后及治疗4、12周时患者血清钙、磷、甲状旁腺激素值,并对两组进行比较.结果 两组均可使血清钙、磷、甲状旁腺激素值下降.首次治疗清除效果均显著(P<0.01);治疗4、12周时,血清钙、磷的下降不及甲状旁腺激素下降明显,但血液灌流串联血液透析组较血液透析滤过组清除血清钙、磷明显(P<0.05),清除甲状旁腺激素更明显,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 血液灌流串联血液透析能有效地清除尿毒症患者血清中的钙、磷和甲状旁腺激素,且优于血液透析滤过,有临床推广价值.     

血液灌流联合血液透析对尿毒症难治性高血压患者的疗效

目的 探讨血液灌流联合血液透析对尿毒症难治性高血压患者的疗效.方法 将我院收治的46例尿毒症顽固性高血压患者按数字表法随机分为血液灌流组(n=23)和血液透析组(n=23).检测患者治疗前后血浆肾素活性、血管紧张素Ⅱ、甲状旁腺激素水平,观察血压变化情况.采用t检验或卡方检验进行数据统计.结果 治疗8周后,血液灌流组血浆肾素活性、血管紧张素Ⅱ、甲状旁腺激素及血压水平较治疗前有明显变化,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);而血液透析组治疗前后上述指标差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).治疗后,两组上述指标差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 血液灌流联合血液透析能有效清除血浆肾素和血管紧张素,更好地控制尿毒症患者的难治性高血压.     

高危尿毒症患者每日短时透析的临床初步经验

目的观察高危尿毒症患者应用每日短时透析的疗效。方法16例常规血液透析(HD)治疗无效或不能耐受HD的高危尿毒症患者改作每周6次、每次2h的血液透析滤过或血液滤过治疗,随访8周。比较每日透析治疗前后患者的透析不良反应、血压、体重变化、每周Kt/V,血清磷、血清白蛋白、血红蛋白、心胸比率、左心重量指数以及SF-36生活质量评价的变化。结果与常规透析比较,患者每周Kt/V从4.36±0.62升高至4.88±0.41(P=0.009),血压下降至趋于正常,透析中低血压反应明显减少,血清白蛋白明显升高,血清磷明显下降,血红蛋白明显升高,心脏缩小(P均<0.05),SF-36生活质量评分明显改善。结论高危尿毒症患者应用每日透析治疗后耐受性良好,并能使血压平稳,透析充分,更好地预防透析骨病,改善患者营养状况,减少及治疗心血管并发症,提高生活质量。     

药用炭联合血液透析滤过治疗尿毒症皮肤瘙痒的临床疗效分析

目的观察药用炭联合血液透析滤过治疗尿毒症皮肤瘙痒的临床效果。方法选择2009年1月至2015年11月仙桃市中医医院肾病内科就诊的尿毒症伴皮肤瘙痒患者78例,分为对照组(每周3次单纯血液透析)、血液透析联合血液滤过组(血滤组,每周2次血液透析和1次血液透析滤过)、治疗组(在每周2次血液透析和1次血液透析滤过基础上使用药用炭口服),每组26例,连续治疗3个月,比较3组患者治疗前、后皮肤瘙痒评分、血磷、血β2微球蛋白、血甲状旁腺素、血尿素氮、血肌酐等指标的变化及治疗有效率。结果 3组患者治疗后血磷、血β2微球蛋白、血清甲状旁腺素、血尿素氮、血肌酐均降低,与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);对照组、血滤组、治疗组治疗后总有效率分别为42.31%,69.24%,88.47%,治疗组在总有效率上优于对照组和血滤组(P0.05);3组治疗前皮肤瘙痒评分分别为(33.28±5.72)分、(34.12±5.88)分、(35.20±4.82)分,治疗后皮肤瘙痒评分分别为(21.28±3.56)分、(12.28±2.87)分、(5.25±2.12)分,与治疗前比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);3组间治疗后皮肤瘙痒评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血液透析联合血液透析滤过及口服药用炭能够明显缓解尿毒症性皮肤瘙痒,同时降低血磷、血β2微球蛋白、血清甲状旁腺素、血肌酐、尿素氮等,疗效显著。     

硫代硫酸钠在血液透析患者难治性皮肤瘙痒症中的临床应用观察

目的探讨硫代硫酸钠在治疗血液透析患者难治性皮肤瘙痒症中的临床疗效。方法选取北京市海淀医院血液透析门诊规律透析患者,纳入经常规方法(包括局部外用药物疗法、中医中药、抗组胺药物、血液灌流、血液透析滤过)规律治疗6个月后仍有顽固皮肤瘙痒的46例患者。按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各23例。对照组继续予常规方法治疗;观察组在常规治疗方法基础上加用硫代硫酸钠,比较两组患者的临床疗效,主要评价指标为治疗前后患者皮肤瘙痒评分情况及两组患者治疗8周后血肌酐、尿素氮、血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素等指标变化情况。结果观察组总有效率91.30%,明显高于对照组34.78%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=15.769,P0.01);治疗后,观察组患者皮肤瘙痒评分较治疗前及对照组治疗后明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。观察组中有1例患者用药后出现一过性注药侧肢体发凉症状;1例患者用药后胸闷,1分钟后自行缓解。结论硫代硫酸钠可有效缓解难治性尿毒症皮肤瘙痒,不良反应小,疗效显著。     

合并顽固性高血压的尿毒症患者肾移植前切除双肾对移植肾功能的影响

目的　探讨尿毒症合并药物难以控制的高血压患者肾移植前切除双肾对术后血压及移植肾功能的影响。方法　 42例合并顽固性高血压的尿毒症患者分成 2组 (每组 2 1例 ) ,一组先行双肾切除 ,6个月～ 1年后再行肾移植 ,另一组不切肾 ,直接施行肾移植。对比分析 2个组肾移植术后的血压及移植肾功能的恢复情况。结果　切肾组在双肾切除后 ,13例 (6 1.9% )的平均舒张压低于 90mmHg或较术前降低 10mmHg以上 ;6例 (2 8.6 % )的平均舒张压较术前降低 15 %以上 ;肾移植术后1年 ,双肾切除组血压正常者 11例 (5 2 .4% ) ,对照组血压正常者 5例 (2 3.8% ) ,两组比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;移植肾 1年存活率 ,切肾组为 95 .2 % ,对照组为 81.0 % ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　存在顽固性高血压的尿毒症患者若需行肾移植 ,在明确手术指征的情况下可先行自体双肾切除术 ,这有利于肾移植术后血压的控制及移植肾功能的稳定     

阿魏酸哌嗪在腹膜透析患者残余肾功能中的应用

目的 探索持续性腹膜透析(CAPD)的尿毒症患者使用阿魏酸哌嗪对残余肾功能(RRF)的影响.方法 43例CAPD治疗的尿毒症患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,治疗组22例,对照21例;治疗组在对照组基础上加用中成药阿魏酸哌嚷,每次150mg,每天3次,疗程12个月;观察治疗前、后的血压(BP)、体重(BW)、血色素(Hb)、血尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Scr)、血白蛋白(Alb)等指标;分别检测二组治疗6、12、18个月的RRF及尿量.结果 与对照组相比,治疗后的治疗组RRF下降速度减慢(P＜0.05).尿量减少明显减缓(p＜0.01),BP控制对照组满意(p＜0.05).Hb、BW、Alb好于对照组(P＜0.05～0.01).结论 阿魏酸哌嗪对CAPD尿毒症患者的RRF有保护作用,延缓尿量的减少,改善患者营养,提高CAPD患者的生活质量.     

血液灌流在维持性血液透析并发难治性高血压治疗中的临床疗效观察

目的观察血液灌流（hemoperfusion,HP）对维持性血液透析（hemodiaIysis,HD）患者并发难治性高血压的治疗作用并探讨其可能的致病机制。方法将58例符合难治性高血压的维持性HD患者随机分为治疗组30例及对照组28例,治疗组在HD基础上进行HP治疗,每2周1次,每次2．5h,持续12周,对照组仅行HD治疗。观察两组治疗前、后血压变化,降压药使用种类以及血浆肾素活性（plasmareninactivity,PRA）、血管紧张素（angiotensin,Ang）Ⅱ、醛固酮（aldosterone,Ald）、内皮素（endothelin,ET）、全段甲状旁腺素（intactparathyroidhormone,i-PTH）等物质的水平。结果维持性HD并发难治性高血压患者体内存在较高水平的PRA、AngⅡ、Ald、ET、i-PTH,12周后治疗组PRA、AngⅡ、Aid、ET、i-PTH较治疗前以及对照组明显下降,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而对照组治疗前、后各项指标无明显变化（P〉0．05）,治疗组血压下降,使用降压药种类减少,与治疗前及对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而对照组治疗前、后血压无明显变化（P〉0．05）。结论HP对维持性HD伴难治性高血压患者有显著的治疗作用。这与HP有效的清除尿毒症患者体内PRA、AngⅡ、Ald、ET、i-PTH等中、大分子物质有关。     

Nasal CPAP and weight loss in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.

BACKGROUND--The high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patients with systemic hypertension and of hypertension in patients with OSA suggests a causal link between the two disorders. This study was carried out to determine whether nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and weight loss affect daytime hypertension in OSA. METHODS--Sixty hypertensive patients with OSA took part in the study; 33 accepted nasal CPAP and used their machine for 5.7 (0.2) hours per night, and the remaining 27 patients refused nasal CPAP and upper airway surgery so the only therapeutic intervention was a recommendation of weight loss. A significant change in hypertension during follow up was defined as either a change in mean blood pressure of at least 10 mm Hg (or more than 8%) without a change in drug treatment, or a reduction in drug dosage with mean blood pressure within these limits. Weight loss was defined as a body mass index of at least 5% below the baseline value. RESULTS--After 512 (41) days, hypertension had become less severe in seven of 12 patients (58%) treated with weight loss only, in eight of 28 patients (29%) with nasal CPAP only, in two of five patients with nasal CPAP and weight loss, and in one of 15 patients without nasal CPAP or weight loss. Multivariate analysis of variance with the outcome of hypertension at follow up as the dependent variable revealed that only the percentage change in body mass index significantly contributed to the course of hypertension. CONCLUSION--The course of hypertension in OSA is more closely linked to weight loss than to elimination of sleep apnoea by nasal CPAP.     

连续性血液净化治疗终末期肾病难治性高血压临床观察

目的探讨连续性血液净化（CBP）治疗终末期肾病（ESRD）合并难治性高血压（RH）的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析27例ESRD合并RH患者经CBP治疗后血压控制情况及治疗前后血肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、甲状旁腺素水平。结果患者治疗后收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、血。肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、甲状旁腺素水平均较治疗前明显降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），血压均控制在正常范围。结论CBP为一较好的控制ESRD患者难治性高血压的方法。     

Antihypertensive effect of a non-peptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist, MK954, in patients with essential hypertension]

We examined the chronic effects of MK954, a novel orally active angiotensin II receptor antagonist, on blood pressure and renal function in 8 patients with essential hypertension for 2-4 weeks. All patients, four men and four women, 48.0 +/- 15.3 year-old (mean +/- SD), were hospitalized and given normal sodium diet (NaCl 10 g/day). After a control period with placebo for one week, MK954 was administered orally at 8 AM every day. The initial dose of MK954 was 12.5 mg/day, then the dose was increased up to 100 mg/day until diastolic blood pressure fell below 90 mmHg. The average dose was 59.4 +/- 43.7 mg/day. Casual blood pressure in supine position decreased significantly from 161.0 +/- 6.6/95.0 +/- 3.5 mmHg to 145.8 +/- 8.1/83.3 +/- 3.7 mmHg without any change in pulse rate. Non-invasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring revealed that once daily administration of MK954 lowered blood pressure for 24 hours but did not affect circadian rhythm or variability of blood pressure. Reduction of blood pressure was slightly greater during day time than during sleeping time. Unlike a peptide angiotensin II antagonist, there was no pressor action of MK954 as agonist. No significant alternations were observed in body weight, serum electrolytes, creatinine clearance, urine volume or urinary excretion of sodium. Plasma renin activity (PRA) rised significantly after MK954 treatment but plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) did not change. The reasons why PAC was not reduced are unclear. The doses of MK954 employed in this study might be insufficient to inhibit adrenal angiotensin II receptor. In conclusion, MK954 has long acting hypotensive effect in essential hypertension without affecting renal function.     

Non-pharmacologic treatment of arterial hypertension in hemodialysis patients

High blood pressure in dialysis patients is related to extracellular volume excess and the related increase of systemic vascular resistances. Scribner has early described the treatment of hypertension with ultrafiltration and low salt diet, without any drugs. The dry weight method relies on the progressive reduction of the postdialysis body weight until blood pressure is normalized. Additional measures are needed such as low salt diet, neutral sodium balance during dialysis treatment, stop of antihypertensive drugs, adequate length of the dialysis session, and patient education. It may exist a lag time between the normalization of the extracellular volume and blood pressure. It is related to the correction of the hemodynamic consequences of the extracellular volume overload. Moreover, the dry weight may potentially vary in patients undergoing catabolic intercurrent events. The complications of these changes (severe hypertension, pulmonary oedema) must be anticipated by the nephrologist and the staff to avoid additional morbidity to the patient.     

Adjusting dry weight by extracellular volume and body composition in hemodialysis patients

BACKGROUND: At present, the determination of dry weight in patients on hemodialysis is largely made empirically by trial and error. Extracellular volume (ECV) assessment by bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is a preferable technique for determining dry weight, and it also provides useful data on body composition. METHODS: We measured the ECV of 74 normal subjects and 121 stable chronic hemodialysis patients postdialysis. In addition, for the dialysis patients, we measured intracellular volume (ICV) and lean body mass (LBM) by BIA, and analyzed the ECV, blood pressure and complications of dialysis. We adjusted dry weight according to the ECV and repeated a BIA exam 4 months later to evaluate changes in body composition, blood pressure and dialysis status of these patients. RESULTS: The ECV as a percentage of weight (ECV%) of hypertensive patients was significantly higher than that of normotensive patients (24.29 +/- 3.56% vs. 21.50 +/- 2.38%, p < 0.001). All patients with excessive ECV% had hypertension, but not all hypertensive patients had excessive ECV%. None of the normotensive patients had ECV excess. Some hypertensive patients with symptoms of dialysis complications still had excessive ECV%. Eight hypertensive patients with excessive ECV had decreased dry weight. ECV% (29.80 +/- 2.03% vs. 27.10 +/- 2.99%, p < 0.001) and blood pressure (159 +/- 7 / 97 +/- 4 vs. 137 +/- 10 / 86 +/- 8 mm Hg, p = 0.006 for systolic and p = 0.004 for diastolic) decreased. ECV was the only portion of body composition that decreased (p < 0.001) after decreasing dry weight, the other parameters remaining unchanged. Twenty symptomatic normotensive patients improved with elevation of the dry weight. The ECV (p = 0.007), ICV (p = 0.009) and LBM (p < 0.001) were significantly increased after increasing dry weight, while the ECV% (p = 0.39) and fat (p = 0.46) remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: (1) For hypertensive patients, ECV must be evaluated in order to adjust dry weight and correct hypertension. (2) For normotensive patients, if dialysis complications occur, dry weight should be increased until symptoms disappear or the blood pressure begins to rise.     

Relationship of renal size, body size, and blood pressure in children

Somatometric parameters, renal size, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were studied in 406 patients referred to pediatric nephrology and urology clinics. These patients included 269 females (66%), 67 African Americans (17%), and 87 patients with essential hypertension (21%). Z scores for the study population were comparable to published standards for height, kidney length, and SBP. Weight and body mass index scores were significantly greater than predicted from the standards, especially in the subset of patients with essential hypertension. Age, height, weight, body mass index, kidney length, and SBP all correlated with one another; however, on multiple regression analysis of SBP with the other five independent variables, only weight proved to have a significant correlation. Furthermore, the relationship of kidney length with SBP was positive and hypertensive patients had greater kidney size than published standards. These data do not support reduced kidney size in the population with essential hypertension, nor is there support for a convincing correlation between kidney length and SBP in the general pediatric population. Body weight correlates best with blood pressure. These findings warrant further study in a less-select population. Prevention and treatment of obesity may thus be of prime importance in addressing hypertension in children. Received April 22, 1997; received in revised form and accepted July 23, 1997     

Long-term changes in blood pressure in extremely obese patients who have undergone bariatric surgery

HYPOTHESIS: Systolic and diastolic pressure and the incidence of hypertension in very obese patients decline after bariatric surgery and do not rebound. DESIGN: Chart review. SETTING: Surgical practice in a university medical center. PATIENTS: Women and men, 18 years or older, with a body mass index (BMI) (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) of 40 or greater, having no previous surgical intervention for extreme obesity. INTERVENTION: Vertical-banded gastroplasty or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, BMI, and antihypertensive medications. RESULTS: Patients underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n = 285; mean initial BMI, 55.7) or vertical banded gastroplasty (n = 62; mean initial BMI, 48.5); half of each group was hypertensive at evaluation. The BMI dropped in both groups after surgery and stabilized at about 35 within 18 months. Systolic pressure changes were generally modest, although diastolic pressure declined significantly after surgery. In patients with untreated stage 1 hypertension, marked reductions in systolic and diastolic pressures occurred after surgery. Many patients taking antihypertensive medications before surgery discontinued them after surgery and remained normotensive. CONCLUSIONS: Blood pressure reductions that occur after bariatric surgery and substantial weight loss depend on the blood pressure status of patients before surgery: normotensive patients and hypertensive patients taking antihypertensive medications show small postsurgical pressure reductions, while patients with elevated blood pressure before surgery show notable postsurgical pressure drops. The overall incidence of hypertension after bariatric surgery declines substantially and remains low.