丹参叶化学成分的初步研究

目的:研究丹参叶的化学成分。方法:采用系统预试法、薄层色谱法进行化学成分的预试,采用高效液相色谱法测定丹酚酸B。结果:丹参叶中含黄酮类、酚酸类、皂苷类及香豆素类成分,其中已知成分有丹酚酸B,几乎不含丹参酮类和原儿茶醛。丹参叶中丹酚酸B的含量为0.57%~6.06%;白花丹参叶中丹酚酸B的含量甚微。结论:化学成分测定表明,丹参叶具有一定的药用价值。     

白花丹的研究进展

通过查阅参考大量的文献资料，对多民族药材白花丹的原植物、药材、化学成分、药理作用、临床应用等作一介绍。     

氯化两面针碱、白花丹素、紫杉醇的体外肝细胞毒性研究

目的:观察氯化两面针碱、白花丹素、紫杉醇在体外对肝细胞的毒性作用.方法:大鼠肝脏经胰蛋白酶和胶原酶消化,进行体外肝细胞培养.经糖原染色法(PAS)鉴定后,采用MTT法检测不同浓度氯化两面针碱、白花丹素、紫杉醇对肝细胞的毒性作用.结果:氯化两面针碱、白花丹素、紫杉醇对肝细胞IC50分别为(3.501 5±0.672),(...     

白花丹止痛喷雾剂的抗炎镇痛作用研究

【目的】研究白花丹止痛喷雾剂的抗炎、镇痛作用,为进一步开发新药提供理论依据。【方法】通过二甲苯致小鼠耳炎症、蛋清致大鼠足肿胀实验及测定炎症组织中前列腺素(PGE_2)含量观察白花丹止痛喷雾剂的抗炎效应;采用小鼠热板法、醋酸扭体法观察白花丹止痛喷雾剂的镇痛作用。【结果】中剂量白花丹止痛喷雾剂(1 mg/mL)明显降低二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀率,可显著提高小鼠的热板痛阈值,延长小鼠的疼痛潜伏期(P0.05或P0.01);高剂量白花丹止痛喷雾剂(2 mg/mL)能减少大鼠足炎症组织中PGE_2的含量(P0.05),且在减少小鼠扭体反应次数方面的作用显著优于扶他林组。【结论】白花丹止痛喷雾剂具有较强的抗炎、镇痛作用。     

白花丹醌对肝癌细胞 HepG2 增殖及血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

目的 研究白花丹醌对人肝癌细胞 HepG2 的增殖、克隆形成及血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) 表达的影响。方法 MTT 法检测白花丹醌对人肝癌细胞 HepG2 的增殖抑制率;平板克隆形成实验检测白花丹醌对 HepG2 细胞克隆形成率的影响;RT-PCR 及免疫荧光细胞化学检测白花丹酯对 HepG2 细胞 VEGF mRNA 和蛋白表达的影响。结果 MTT 法结果显示白花丹醌对人肝癌细胞 HepG2 的增殖有抑制作用,且随着药物浓度增加 (2、8、32、128 μmol/L) 和作用时间 (24、48、72 h) 延长,其抑制作用逐渐增强,与细胞对照组相比有显著差异 (〖WTBX〗P ＜0.05);平板克隆形成实验显示白花丹醌对 HepG2 细胞克隆形成有显著抑制作用 (〖WTBX〗P ＜0.05);RT-PCR 及免疫荧光细胞化学均显示随白花丹醌药物浓度增高,HepG2 细胞 VEGFmRNA 及蛋白表达水平下调。结论 白花丹醌对人肝癌细胞 HepG2 的增殖、克隆形成及 VEGF 表达均有显著抑制作用,其可能成为一种新的抗肿瘤药物。     

白花丹醌对白血病细胞DNA甲基转移酶的作用

目的 探讨中草药提取物白花丹醌对人白血病细胞系HL-60甲基化的影响,并对其相关机制做初步研究。方法MTS法确定不影响细胞生长的白花丹醌研究浓度;白花丹醌研究浓度作用于HL-60细胞不同时间,ELISA法测定其甲基化水平和DNA甲基转移酶(DNMT)活性;实时荧光定量PCR,评估DNMT酶类基因mRNA表达水平。结果 选定白花丹醌0.8μmol/L作为研究浓度,作用18h后,和对照组比较出现甲基化水平显著下降（P<0.05）, 经活性氧（ROS）阻滞剂的预处理,白花丹醌去甲基化作用被明显抑制,使得预处理组与对照组甲基化水平无明显统计学差异[(2.11±0.16)ng 对比(2.27±0.21)ng（P>0.05）];白花丹醌作用HL-60细胞12h后,出现DNMT酶总体活性的下降[（0.91±0.11）OD/h/μg对比对照组（1.24±0.91）OD/h/μg （P<0.05）],作用24h后下降更明显（P<0.01）;白花丹醌对DNMT1,DNMT3b基因的表达具有明显抑制作用（P<0.05）,对DNMT3a基因表达的作用无统计学意义。结论 低浓度白花丹醌以ROS为重要介质,能够诱导白血病细胞去甲基化,这种作用与抑制DNMT活性,抑制DNMT1和DNMT3b基因的表达有关。     

白花丹醌诱导人白血病细胞-NB4凋亡的实验研究

目的:探讨白花丹醌诱导人白血病细胞-NB4的凋亡途径.方法:取白花丹醌终浓度10μmol/L作用于人白血病细胞-NB4不同时间,比色法测定半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3,-8,-9(caspase-3,-8,-9)的活性;westenblot显示死亡受体凋亡途径中重要蛋白:caspase-8和Bid的裂解;流式分析caspase酶抑制剂作用下白花丹醌诱导NB4细胞凋亡的改变.结果:白花丹醌通过激活包括caspase-8和Bid在内的caspase依赖途径诱导NB4细胞凋亡.结论:caspase-8是白花丹醌抗白血病作用的重要环节.死亡受体途径可能在白花丹醌诱导白血病细胞凋亡过程中具有重要作用.     

不同剂量白花丹醌对猪多形核白细胞中花生四烯酸的代谢产生相反作用

从茅膏菜科Droseraceae、柿科Ebenaceae和白花丹科Plumbaginaceae中提取的蒽醌类化合物白花丹醌（Plumbagin）对免疫、心血管、中枢神经、内分泌、呼吸等系统具有多重生物功能，其中抑制细胞生长的免疫刺激作用可用作模型解释免疫刺激物的多重作用以及与花生四烯酸（AA）代谢的关系。用致细胞炎症的钙离子载体A－23187刺激猪多形枚白细胞（PMNL），可刺激甘碳酸类物质的生物合成。用白花丹配作用于此PMNL的结果表明，高浓度（10－4mol／L）的白花丹醌抑制AA的释放并完全抑制PMNL脂氧合酶（LO）的活性，从而抑制致炎的免疫刺激物白…     

中药单体白花丹醌对替加环素耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的抗菌作用研究

目的 比较5种中药单体对替加环素耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的体外抗菌作用,探讨替加环素与中药单体联合用药的增敏作用及相关作用机制.方法 采用琼脂二倍稀释法和微量肉汤法,检测鲍曼不动杆菌对14种抗菌药物的最低抑菌浓度(MIC).检测中药单体白花丹醌、二氢丹参酮、葫芦素、盐酸小檗碱和紫胡皂苷d对替加环素耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的抑菌作用;用棋盘法测定白花丹醌联合替加环素MIC值,计算部分抑菌浓度指数值(FICI).选取CCCP、PAβN及白花丹醌作为外排泵抑制剂,观察外排抑制试验结果.结果 临床分离的120株鲍曼不动杆菌对12种抗菌药物均有不同程度耐药,对米诺环素的耐药率相对较低,对多粘菌素B全部敏感,其中,有8株替加环素耐药菌.5种中药单体中白花丹醌对替加环素耐药菌株抑菌活性最佳,MIC值范围是16~32 μg/mL.白花丹醌和替加环素联合试验中,白花丹醌可逆转部分替加环素耐药鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性,75%(6/8)表现为相加作用,25%(2/8)表现为无关作用.外排抑制试验中,CCCP、PAβN及白花丹醌均显示对替加环素有一定的增敏作用.结论 在体外环境下,白花丹醌对替加环素耐药鲍曼不动杆菌具有一定抑菌活性,联合替加环素可降低替加环素耐药鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性,其增加抗菌药物敏感性的作用可能与外排泵抑制有关.     

民族药材白花丹体外抗肿瘤活性研究

目的 探讨白花丹体外抗肿瘤作用的活性部位.方法 MTT染色法对白花丹五种溶剂提取物体外抗肿瘤活性进行了初步的研究.结果 氯仿提取物对乳腺癌细胞(Bre-04)、神经癌细胞(N-04)、肺癌细胞(LU-04)有较好的抑制生长作用,IC50分别为0.269 9 mg/ml、0.263 4 mg/ml、0.496 1 mg/ml,对肝癌细胞HepG2抑制作用差,IC50为0.937 9 mg/ml;白花丹石油醚提取部位对乳腺癌细胞(Bre-04)、神经癌细胞(N-04)、肺癌细胞(Lu-04)、肝癌细胞HepG2的IC50分别为0.590 2 mg/ml、0.572 5 mg/ml、0.793 8 ms/ml、0.637 4 mg/ml;乙酸乙酯提取物对肺癌细胞(Lu-04)有一定的抑制作用,IC50为0.734 3 mg/ml;水溶性提取物以及正丁醇提取物无明显抑制肿瘤作用.结论 白花丹氯仿提取部位、石油醚提取部位体外抗肿瘤作用较好,值得对其提取部位进一步分离纯化并研究其抗肿瘤作用机制.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.