关节镜下微创刨削治疗下肢静脉曲张

目的 探讨应用关节镜下，微创刨削抽吸术治疗下肢静脉曲张的疗效。方法 对2004年1月～2005年1月收治的30例（40条患肢）下肢静脉曲张病人进行手术治疗。术前均行深静脉造影。全部病例首先行大隐静脉高位结扎抽剥术，经用充盈液扩张皮下浅筋膜层，通过2个小切口分别放置关节镜与刨削系统，对曲张成团的浅静脉刨削抽吸清除。结果 术后40条患肢主要症状消失，皮肤营养明显改善，慢性溃疡在术后3～6周愈合。术后出现皮下血肿、局部轻度硬肿等不良反应，经处理后短期内消失。结论 关节镜下微创刨削清除下肢浅静脉曲张安全、有效、创伤小、并发症少、复发率低，是治疗下肢浅静脉曲张的一种新方法。     

小切口点状抽剥加高位结扎术治疗下肢浅静脉曲张146例疗效观察

目的 探讨应用小切口点状抽剥加高位结扎术治疗下肢浅静脉曲张的疗效.方法 选择我院2006～2010年期间经静脉造影确诊为下肢浅静脉曲张患者146例(共153条患肢),采用小切口点状抽剥小腿部曲张浅静脉(包括小隐静脉及交通静脉结扎),加大隐静脉高位结扎、分段抽剥术式治疗.结果 本组手术顺利,手术时间30～50 min(平均38 min),住院时间3～5 d(平均3.5 d).术后随访121例,随访6个月～3年(平均1.6年),除1例术后复发外,其余疗效满意,无手术并发症发生.结论 小切口点状抽剥加高位结扎术治疗下肢浅静脉曲张具有操作方法简单、手术时间短、创伤痛苦小、术后恢复快、复发率低、术后美观等优点,在基层医院值得推广应用.     

原发性静脉倒流性疾病的外科治疗

为治疗下肢原发性静脉倒流性疾病,作者采用经皮浅静脉连续环形缝扎术(PCCS)联合大隐静脉高位结扎+抽剥术和下肢深静脉辦膜重建术治疗208例274条肢体,男119例,女89例,平均年龄49.2±3.4岁,平均病程14.0±1.0年。经彩超和静脉顺行造影,有77％患肢有深静脉瓣膜功能不全。术后随访率73.1％,随访平均时间6.5±0.5年。行PCCS+大隐静脉高位结扎+抽剥术的肢体有7.6％浅静脉曲张复发,23.4％症状复发,16.1％溃疡复发,复发病例均为深静脉瓣膜功能不全Ⅱ°以上。行股浅静脉外瓣膜修复成形术者,症状体征全部消失,瓣膜功能恢复正常。PCCS联合大隐静脉高位结扎+抽剥术是治疗下肢浅静脉曲张比较理想的手术方法。深静脉瓣膜功能不全Ⅱ°～Ⅲ°以上者,可同期行股浅静脉外瓣膜修复成形术。     

泡沫硬化剂注射联合TriVex系统治疗下肢静脉曲张的临床分析

目的探讨分析泡沫硬化剂注射联合TriVex系统治疗下肢静脉曲张的手术方法、技巧及疗效。方法纳入2014年10月至2016年4月在中山大学附属东华医院血管外科就诊的152例下肢静脉曲张患者,应用泡沫硬化剂注射联合TriVex系统进行治疗,评估治疗术后症状缓解,局部术区情况以及并发症发生率。结果对152例220条患肢采用大隐静脉主干高位结扎抽剥后泡沫硬化剂注射联合TriVex系统透光旋切术治疗静脉曲张患者,术后下肢明显的曲张畸形静脉消失,无一例患者出现复发,下肢酸胀、乏力等临床症状缓解,溃疡创面愈合。并发症主要是隐神经损伤、皮下硬结、血肿形成、软组织感染、深静脉血栓。结论大隐静脉高位结扎抽剥后泡沫硬化剂注射联合TriVex系统透光旋切术治疗下肢静脉曲张疗效显著,具有切口小、并发症少、复发率低等优点。     

全程浅静脉连续缝扎治疗下肢静脉曲张

目的 改革传统术式，减少下肢静脉曲张手术的创伤。方法 通过Brpdie-Tren-delenburg及Perther试验及下肢静脉彩色多普勒超声检查等对确诊为下肢静脉曲张的83例患者、102条患肢进行了大隐静脉次高位结扎和经皮全程浅静脉连续环形缝扎术，而不做大隐静脉主干抽剥及曲张静脉的剥脱，以减少创伤。结果 该术式创伤小，术后恢复快，复发率低。结论 全程浅静脉缝扎是治疗单纯性大隐静脉曲张的一种可靠的微创手术方法，值得推广。     

腔内激光治疗下肢静脉曲张106例报告

目的 探讨腔内激光治疗（endovenous laser treatment, EVLT）下肢静脉曲张疗效. 方法 2004年3月～2006年3月对106例118条下肢静脉曲张,单纯采用EVLT 72例78条患肢、EVLT联合大隐静脉高位结扎术19例21条患肢、EVLT联合点式切口剥脱严重曲张浅静脉15例19条患肢. 结果 7条患肢小腿皮肤轻度灼伤,10条患肢有明显血栓性浅静脉炎样表现,26条肢体沿大隐静脉行程皮下小片淤斑,5条患肢出现大腿内侧大片皮下淤斑.74例80条患肢随访3～12个月,平均6个月,1例隐神经损伤,1例术后1个月复发,余73例症状均消失,多普勒超声检查大隐静脉主干闭塞,无血管再通,深静脉无血栓形成. 结论 EVLT治疗下肢静脉曲张损伤小,术后恢复快,近期疗效满意.     

DIOMED激光联合手术治疗下肢静脉曲张疗效探讨

目的探讨激光联合手术治疗下肢静脉曲张的疗效及并发症。方法传统手术方法高位结扎剥脱大隐静脉主干,腔内激光治疗下肢浅表曲张静脉,观察75例96条患肢术后刀口愈合情况及并发症。结果所有患肢切口愈合良好,术后曲张浅静脉全部消失,23条患肢出现皮下淤血,12例出现小腿局部条索状硬块、红肿及疼痛,隐神经损伤导致皮肤麻木2例,皮肤灼伤2例,经对症治疗后好转。结论激光联合手术治疗下肢静脉曲张疗效好,创伤小,是一种安全的治疗方法。     

下肢静脉曲张微创治疗进展

下肢静脉曲张是多种静脉疾病所共有的临床表现,最常见的病因是深静脉瓣膜功能不全（DVI）和大隐静脉（GSV）功能不全.根据不同的病因,手术包括各种深静脉瓣膜重建、交通静脉结扎和曲张浅静脉结扎及抽剥术.对于单纯性浅静脉曲张,传统的手术是高位结扎和抽剥术.近十年,因微创手术的发展,使下肢静脉曲张的治疗取得了明显的进步.     

单纯下肢浅静脉曲张手术治疗100例分析

笔者对经静脉造影确诊为单纯下肢浅静脉曲张100例(104条患肢)行小切口大隐静脉高位分段结扎抽剥，小腿部曲张浅静脉分段切除及交通静脉结扎术。治疗结果 ：切口均一期愈合，未发生手术后并发症。术后88例获随访，随访3个月至7年，除1例术后复发外，其余均疗效满意。提示小切口大隐静脉高位分段结扎、抽剥，小腿部曲张浅静脉分段切除（包括小隐静脉），加交通静脉结扎术具有切口小，手术时间短，疼痛轻，恢复快，效果良好等优点，有推广应用价值。     

腘静脉肌袢成形术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全

目的研究下肢腘静脉肌袢成形术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的临床疗效. 方法 1997年1月～2001年6月,选择经过彩色多谱勒、静脉造影确诊为原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的27例(27条)下肢,病程2～32年,平均17.4年.均有浅静脉曲张;其中小腿沉重感25例;肿胀22例;足靴区色素沉着25例;单侧慢性溃疡19例;2例曾行单纯大隐静脉结扎剥脱术.静脉压静息直立时平均为(11.00±0.73) kPa, 活动后平均为(9.14±0.68) kPa.均行腘静脉肌袢成形术,同时行大隐静脉高位结扎抽剥术,有12例行腔镜下交通支结扎. 结果术后27条患肢静脉压活动后平均下降为(5.94±0.82) kPa.与术前活动后平均值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).近期疗效良好,小腿沉重感及肿胀完全或基本消失,溃疡创面在2周内愈合.术后22条患肢获2～6年随访,21条患肢疗效优良,无复发;1例随访3年时因肌袢粘连导致小腿深静脉血栓形成. 结论严格掌握适应证,规范手术操作,腘静脉肌袢成形术治疗下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全,可获得满意效果.     

Defining the role of extended saphenofemoral junction ligation: a prospective comparative study

OBJECTIVE: This study explores the added effect of extended saphenofemoral junction (SFJ) ligation when the greater saphenous vein (GSV) has been eliminated from participating in thigh reflux by means of endovenous obliteration. GSV obliteration, unlike surgical stripping, can be done with or without SFJ ligation to isolate and study SFJ ligation's specific contribution to treatment results. METHODS: Sixty limbs treated with SFJ ligation and 120 limbs treated without high ligation were selected from an ongoing, multicenter, endovenous obliteration trial on the basis of their having primary varicose veins, GSV reflux, and early treatment dates. RESULTS: Five (8%) high-ligation limbs and seven (6%) limbs without high ligation with patent veins at 6 weeks or less were excluded as unsuccessful obliterations. Treatment significantly reduced symptoms and CEAP clinical class in both groups (P =.0001). Recurrent reflux developed in one (2%) of 49 high-ligation limbs and eight (8%) of 97 limbs without high ligation by 6 months (P =.273). New instances of reflux did not appear thereafter in 57 limbs followed to 12 months. Recurrent varicose veins occurred in three high-ligation limbs and four limbs without high ligation by 6 months and in one additional high-ligation limb and two additional limbs without high ligation by 12 months. Actuarial recurrence curves were not statistically different with or without SFJ ligation (P >.156), predicting greater than 90% freedom from recurrent reflux and varicosities at 1 year for both groups. CONCLUSION: These early results suggest that extended SFJ ligation may add little to effective GSV obliteration, but our findings are not sufficiently robust to warrant abandonment of SFJ ligation as currently practiced in the management of primary varicose veins associated with GSV vein reflux.     

静脉曲张激光闭合术近期并发症分析

目的探讨静脉曲张激光闭合术术后并发症的原因、预防和处理方法。方法回顾性分析2003年9月至2004年12月间采用激光仪治疗静脉曲张52例(共65条下肢)的临床资料。结果术后发生皮下淤血12例,皮肤灼伤14例,隐神经损伤7例,血栓性静脉炎3例,皮下脂肪液化感染2例。其中,皮下淤血、皮肤灼伤、血栓性静脉炎,经对症治疗大多在2~3周治愈。结论静脉曲张激光闭合术仍然有一些并发症需认真处理。     

逆行静脉腔内射频闭合并点状抽剥治疗下肢静脉曲张

目的探讨逆行静脉腔内射频闭合并点状抽剥法治疗下肢静脉曲张的效果。方法本组在2005年3月-2007年5月对25例原发性大隐静脉曲张患者,共38条患肢的曲张大隐静脉采用数控射频静脉闭合系统逆行闭合大隐静脉主干并同时用点状抽剥法治疗小腿散在曲张浅静脉。结果随访1～24个月,所有患者大隐静脉主干均闭合良好,无复发,近期疗效满意。结论逆行静脉腔内射频闭合并点状抽剥法治疗下肢静脉曲张具有术式简便、创伤少、疗效可靠、康复快、住院时间短等优点。     

腔内激光联合Trivex 旋切术治疗重度下肢浅静脉曲张的临床效果

目的：探讨腔内激光治疗术联合Trivex旋切术治疗重度下肢浅静脉曲张的临床疗效。 方法：分析2012年7月—2013年10月收治的20例（26条肢体）重度下肢原发性下肢静脉曲张患者临床资料。患者均行腔内激光治疗术联合Trivex旋切术治疗。 结果：全部患者顺利完成手术。术后下肢静脉曲张均消失,色素沉着、瘙痒、湿疹、皮肤溃疡等并发症不同程度的减轻;并发皮下淤斑、局部肿胀4例,均在1个月内消失;1例出现患肢小腿外侧肿胀,穿刺抽吸积液并以弹力绷带加压包扎后肿胀消退;2例出现患肢皮肤麻木,2个月后消失;2例大隐静脉主干部位和曲张静脉烧灼处出现条索状硬结,并伴有局部轻中度疼痛,2~3周症状逐渐消失。术后平均随访8个月,无曲张静脉复发及小腿无明显瘢痕。 结论：腔内激光治疗术联合Trivex旋切术对原发性下肢静脉曲张具有良好的治疗效果治疗,且具有微创及美容效果好等优点。     

Endovenous laser photocoagulation (EVLP) for varicose veins

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Untreated varicose veins have significant morbidity and potential mortality. Treatment aims to relieve symptoms, improve appearance, and to prevent deterioration. Current therapeutic options include graduated compression stockings, sclerotherapy, ambulatory phlebectomy, surgical ligation, and stripping. Results of laser photocoagulation of vascular anomalies have been encouraging. Applying these concepts of laser-tissue interactions, we developed a new method of treatment for varicose veins of the lower extremities. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and forty-nine patients with 252 varicose greater saphenous veins underwent endovenous laser photocoagulation (EVLP) from January 1996 to January 2000. Subject's age ranged between 23 years 9 months and 80 years 7 months with a mean age of 50 years 8 months. There were 122 females and 27 males. Only patients with primary varicose veins and saphenofemoral reflux documented by Duplex ultrasound were treated. All patients received surgical ligation of the saphenofemoral junction (SFJ). EVLP was performed using the neodymium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) (1,064 nm) laser, delivered with a 600 microm optical fiber. Laser power was set at 10 or 15 W, delivered with a pulse duration of 10 seconds. The outcome was compared before and after EVLP, based on the score of severity of the varicose veins by Hach's classification. RESULTS: The range of total delivered energy is from 9,200 to 20,100 J. The entire procedure was completed in 95-175 minutes (mean 122.33 minutes) for bilateral procedures, and 65-100 minutes (mean 81.07 minutes) for unilateral procedures. The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 28 months with a mean of 19 months. One hundred and forty-one patients with 244 legs involved (96.8%) demonstrated remarkable improvement (P < 0.05). Common early complications of EVLP are: local paraesthesia of the treated area in 92 legs (36.5%), ecchymosis and dyschromia in 58 legs (23.0%), superficial burn injury in 12 legs (4.8%), superficial phlebitis in four legs (1.6%), and localized hematoma in two legs (0.8%) at 3 weeks post-operatively. The final outcome showed no significant morbidity or mortality. All patients recovered completely. CONCLUSIONS: EVLP is a simple effective treatment modality for varicose veins. This less invasive method can minimize the complications of conventional surgery.     

静脉腔内激光治疗下肢静脉曲张的疗效观察

目的　评价静脉腔内激光治疗下肢静脉曲张的疗效。方法　 46例患者共 5 4条患肢行单纯激光治疗或大隐静脉高位结扎加激光治疗。结果　所有患者的静脉曲张均闭塞。 19.5 %患者出现肢体淤斑 ,81.5 %患者肢体发生沿大隐静脉行程条索状硬结或硬块 ,11.1%患者皮肤局部麻木 ,1例患者发生皮肤浅表烧伤。所有患者均获随访 ,平均随访 6个月 (3～ 8个月 ) ,均痊愈。无深静脉血栓 ,无局部复发 ,疗效满意。结论　静脉腔内激光治疗是一种安全、有效、微创的治疗方法 ,选择大隐静脉高位结扎加激光治疗则更安全。     

腔内激光、射频及内翻剥脱联合旋切术治疗下肢静脉曲张近期疗效的比较

目的 比较腔内激光、射频及内翻剥脱联合旋切术治疗下肢静脉曲张的近期疗效.方法 回顾性分析2004年6月至2007年1月收治的有明确大隐静脉反流的下肢静脉曲张的460例患者的临床资料,其中200例(232条肢体)采用腔内激光(endovenous laser treatment,EVLT)治疗;80例(88条肢体)采用腔内射频(radiofrequency endovenous occlusion,RFO)治疗;180例(202条肢体)采用内翻剥脱术治疗.曲张静脉均采用透光旋切术(transilluminated powered phlebectomy,TIPP)治疗.比较3种方法手术时间、手术切口、术中出血量、术后住院时间、术后并发症及术后1年时的复发率.结果 手术时问RFO组最长,平均(41±8)min,EVLT组与内翻剥脱组相近.术后住院时间EVLT组(1.2±0.4)d与RFO组(2.1±0.8)d较短,与内翻剥脱组比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术中出血量内翻剥脱组较其他两组多;EVLT组与RFO组的手术切口少;术后1年三组复发率相当,隐神经损伤在内翻剥脱组较多.静脉临床严重程度评分(the venous clinical severity score,VCSS)各组术后较术前明显减少,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 三组手术效果均满意且疗效相当,但激光、射频具有创伤小,并发症少的优点.     

Die konventionelle operative Therapie der Stammvenen

In the surgical treatment of varicose veins, the ligation and stripping method of Babcock and its modifications are among the most frequently used procedures. Good long-term results have been documented using this method in numerous publications. In addition, good treatment outcome has been demonstrated in the quality management evaluation of varicose veins by the quality control commission of the German Society of Vascular Surgery. This procedure is considered highly in the current recommendations of the guidelines of the AWMF. Therefore, stripping techniques can be considered as standard procedures for the surgical therapy of the saphenous veins, which meet the requirements of evidence based medicine and are able to compete with modern endovenous methods. This article provides a summary of essential preoperative diagnostics, surgical methods and variations in stripping procedures, typical complications and postoperative treatment. Finally, endovenous techniques are reviewed.     

高位结扎并点式微创剥脱术治疗原发性下肢静脉曲张

目的探讨高位结扎并点式微创剥脱术治疗原发性下肢静脉曲张的临床效果。方法 2006年10月～2009年6月,对原发性大、小隐静脉曲张236例,术前应用彩色多普勒超声进行CEAP分类诊断,定位标记病变曲张浅静脉及贯通静脉走行,在静脉麻醉联合局部浸润麻醉下行高位结扎剥脱术,局部做1～3mm小切口,用静脉钩取出局部曲张血管或结扎功能不全的贯通静脉。结果 236例术后切口均正常愈合,曲张静脉全部消失,186例下肢浮肿术后1个月消退,40例术后3个月内皮肤色素沉着消退,10例下肢皮肤溃疡于2个半月全部愈合。无深静脉血栓及肺动脉栓塞等严重并发症,209例随访0.5～3年,平均12个月,无复发。结论术前彩色多普勒标记定位大、小隐静脉高位结扎并点式微创剥脱术治疗效果良好,具有损伤小、恢复快、治疗彻底、术后皮肤美观等优点。