痒疹样营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症一家系调查

先证者女,18岁。躯干、四肢反复水疱、丘疹、结节伴痒6年。皮肤科情况:双下肢胫前多发密集米粒至花生米大小扁平丘疹、结节,色泽淡红至暗红,部分呈脐样凹陷,上覆白色糠状鳞屑,见点状糜烂、结痂;躯干及双上肢散在粟粒至黄豆大小淡白色、淡红色丘疹及萎缩性疤痕,部分皮损表面糜烂、结痂;指趾甲及黏膜未见受累。皮损组织病理示:角化过度,颗粒层、棘层中度不规则增厚,表皮下见裂隙及大疱,真皮浅层毛细血管扩张,血管内皮细胞及纤维组织明显增生,血管周围少许淋巴细胞浸润。诊断:痒疹样营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症。家系调查4代39人,共有24人患病,每代均有发病,其中男17人、女7人患病,符合常染色体显性遗传。     

A Case of Non-Hallopeau-Siemens Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa

Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is a rare group of heritable mechanobullous disorders that are characterized by blistering and scarring of the skin and mucosae and these lesions are induced by minor trauma, DEB is also associated with nail dystrophy. DEB can be inherited either in an autosomal recessive or dominant fashion. Regardless of the mode of inheritance, DEB is caused by defects of the ultrastructural entity known as the anchoring fibril, which results in separation of the sublamina densa. Recessive DEB (RDEB) is classified into Hallopeau-Siemens and non-Hallopeau-Siemens. We herein report on a case of non-Hallopeau-Siemens RDEB and there was no family history of this malady, and we present the clinical, histological and electron microscopy findings.     

一例显性营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症的基因突变检测

目的 研究1例营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症家系中的基因突变情况.方法 经组织病理、电镜及免疫荧光方法结合临床诊断为显性营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症1例,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)DNA直接测序,限制性内切酶反应及应用D3S1359、D20S161、D5S818、D17S1293、CSFIPO五个座位微卫星DNA多态标志的方法对此例患者家系进行基因突变情况检测.结果 家系中患者存在COL7A1上第6240位鸟嘌呤G被腺嘌呤A替代突变导致Ⅶ胶原第2043位的甘氨酸被精氨酸替代,而其父母及对照的健康人均不存在此突变.结论 G2043R是引起该家系临床病变的特异突变,不是多态性变化,且此突变为一个denovo突变.     

痒疹样营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症两家系调查

目的：总结痒疹样营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症（DEBP）的临床病理及家系特点。方法：先证者的皮肤活检行组织病理和透射电镜检查,并对其家系进行实地调查。结果：家系1中8例患病,其中6例主要在小腿出现丘疹、结节,1例仅有甲营养不良,1例儿童在小腿发生水疱、糜烂、瘢痕。家系2中除先证者发生头皮毛囊炎、躯干白色丘疹样损害和小腿丘疹、结节外,3个姐姐仅有躯干白色丘疹样损害。小腿结节的组织病理检查显示表皮角化过度,棘层肥厚,表皮下裂隙形成,真皮浅层纤维组织增生、血管扩张,血管周围少数单个核细胞浸润。透射电镜检查发现水疱位于致密板下层,锚原纤维数量减少。结论：不同家族或家族内不同DEBP病例的临床表现差异较大,免疫荧光、透射电镜检查和突变分析可明确诊断。     

Hallopeau-Siemens型隐性营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症一例的基因突变研究

目的鉴定一常染色体隐性遗传营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症家系的基因突变。方法应用PCR、DNA直接测序明确突变位点,根据突变位点设计特异性引物,用PCR检测突变位点从而进一步确定该家系的致病原因。结果发现该患者COL7A1基因的一条等位基因第2号外显子上存在S48P的错义突变,而另一条等位基因第27号外显子上存在3625del11缺失突变,造成编码区阅读框架的移位,最终导致蛋白终止密码(PTC)的产生。隐性营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症患者这种两个突变的组合在国际上为首次报道。结论 COL7A1基因的缺失突变和错义突变引起该患者临床症状的特异突变。     

痒疹样营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症一家系的基因突变

目的 鉴定一痒疹样营养不良型大疱性表皮松解症家系的基因突变,为进一步开展基因诊断和基因治疗奠定基础.方法 应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)、DNA直接测序明确突变位点,根据突变位点设计等位基因特异性引物,用PCR来检测突变位点以及采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和克隆测序进一步确定该家系的致病原因.结果 该家系中患者COL7A1基因的87号外显子存在剪接位点突变,导致87号外显子被剪切,Ⅶ型胶原的胶原区合成后缺少了23个氨基酸.健康对照不存在此突变.结论 COL7A1基因剪接位点的突变是引起该家系临床症状的特异突变,而非多态性改变.     

Quality of Life and Economic Burden in Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa

BackgroundPatients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) exhibit blisters and erosions since birth, causing pain, pruritus and various complications. RDEB affects quality of life (QoL) in physical, emotional and social aspects. Furthermore, interminable dressing changes and supportive therapies impose a significant economic burden on the patient''s family.ObjectiveWe assessed the QoL and economic burden in patients with RDEB.MethodsSixteen patients with RDEB were surveyed to assess the QoL and economic burden. Patients answered questionnaires consisting of a visual analogue scale (VAS) on pain and pruritus, Skindex-29, Quality of Life in EB questionnaire (QOLEB), and the economic burden due to EB.ResultsThirteen patients with RDEB completed the questionnaire. Female patients presented higher VAS, QOLEB and total Skindex-29 scores than male patients. Patients with RDEB showed severe levels of pruritus, which was more intolerable than pain. Mean VAS score on pain in RDEB was higher than in oral lichen planus and post-herpetic neuralgia. VAS score on pruritus was similar to those in chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, and prurigo nodularis. Compared with other dermatologic conditions, patients with RDEB were profoundly affected in all three scales of skindex-29. Mean "medical cost" in a month was $257.54 (USD) (±169.39) and mean "dressing cost" was $358.41 (USD) (±312.55), which was negatively related to patient age.ConclusionRDEB had a profound impact on QoL and economic burden. Compared with other dermatologic diseases, RDEB showed severe symptoms and QoL was seriously impaired. Most patients sustained economic burdens, especially on preparing dressing materials. Younger patients experienced more economic burdens.