股骨粗隆间骨折DR及CT的诊断价值分析

目的:探讨数字化X线摄影(DR)和计算机X线断层扫描(CT)在股骨粗隆间骨折中的诊断应用价值。方法:回顾性分析65例经CT与DR平片检查的股骨粗隆间骨折患者的影像学资料,进行诊断准确率的对比分析。结果:CT对股骨粗隆间骨折的确诊率为96.9%(63/65),1例漏诊;DR平片对股骨粗隆间骨折的诊断准确率为64.6%(42/65),6例漏诊。结论:CT对股骨粗隆间骨折诊断的准确率高于DR,可作为诊断股骨粗隆间骨折的首选。     

多层螺旋CT在肠梗阻诊断中的应用价值

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)在肠梗阻中的应用价值。方法:对经手术证实的32例肠梗阻患者的临床及影像学(X线平片和MSCT)资料进行回顾性分析。结果:X线平片和MSCT诊断有无肠梗阻的正确率分别为81.2%(26/32)和93.8%(30/32)。MSCT检查定位诊断准确率为87.5%(28/32),病因诊准确率为75.0%(24/32)。结论:MSCT更能准确判断有无肠梗阻、梗阻的定位及病因。     

小关节外伤的CT检查价值

目的:通过对外伤患者X线或DR摄片与CT扫描结果对比,分析CT检查对小关节外伤的诊断价值。方法:随机选出经X线平片或DR摄片后又经CT扫描证实的100例骨折病例,回顾性分析并对比检查结果。结果:X线平片或DR摄片结果与CT扫描结果完全相符41例,占41%;X线平片或DR摄片漏诊22例,其中小关节骨折8例,占36.4%;X线平片或DR摄片中附件骨折漏诊37例,其中小关节附件骨折15例,占48.4%。结论:X线平片后行CT扫描可提高诊断准确率,尤其对小关节骨折的诊断有重要意义。     

小关节外伤的CT检查价值

目的：通过对外伤患者X线或DR摄片与CT扫描结果对比,分析CT检查对小关节外伤的诊断价值。方法：随机选出经X线平片或DR摄片后又经CT扫描证实的100例骨折病例,回顾性分析并对比检查结果。结果：X线平片或DR摄片结果与CT扫描结果完全相符41例,占41%;X线平片或DR摄片漏诊22例,其中小关节骨折8例,占36.4%;X线平片或DR摄片中附件骨折漏诊37例,其中小关节附件骨折15例,占48.4%。结论：X线平片后行CT扫描可提高诊断准确率,尤其对小关节骨折的诊断有重要意义。     

多层螺旋CT与数字X线成像在隐匿性骨折诊断中的应用比较

目的分析多层螺旋CT(MSCT)与数字X线成像(DR)对隐匿性骨折的诊断价值。方法选取濮阳市人民医院2016年3月至2018年2月收治的98例隐匿性骨折患者,所有患者均接受MSCT、DR检查,统计对比MSCT、DR阳性检出率。结果 DR最终诊断出胸骨骨折13例,肋骨骨折11例,胫骨平台骨折11例,腕舟骨骨折16例,颈椎骨折10例,腰椎骨折9例;MSCT最终诊断出胸骨骨折19例,肋骨骨折16例,胫骨平台骨折15例,腕舟骨骨折21例,颈椎骨折14例,腰椎骨折13例。MSCT隐匿性骨折阳性检出率为100%(98/98),高于DR阳性检出率71.43%(70/98),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与DR相比,MSCT可提高隐匿性骨折患者阳性检出率,有利于临床制定有针对性救治方案及预后判断。     

髋臼骨折的X线平片与多层螺旋CT三维重建技术表现分析及诊断

目的探讨髋臼骨折的X线平片与多层螺旋CT(MSCT)三维重建技术表现及诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2016年6月至2019年6月医院收治的80例髋臼骨折患者的影像学资料,比较患者X线平片与多层螺旋CT表现,分析X线平片与MSCT对髋臼骨折患者的诊断价值。结果以手术结果为“金标准”,80处病灶中有27例(33.75%)为髋臼前壁、前柱骨折,32例(40.00%)为髋臼后壁、后柱骨折,13例(16.25%)为髋臼顶壁骨折,8例(10.00%)为髋臼中间壁骨折。患者经X线平片和MSCT三维重建诊断后,将评估结果与手术结果进行比较,X线平片诊断准确率为72.50%低于MSCT三维重建的100.00%,差异有统计学意义(x2=25.507,P=0.000)。结论髋臼骨折患者的诊断中,MSCT三位重建的检查准确度高于X线平片,对于存在骨折移位的患者而言,MSCT可以更加直观地进行评估,有助于治疗方案的选择。     

X线平片与多层螺旋CT对髋关节疾病的诊断价值对比

目的探讨X线平片与多层螺旋CT对髋关节疾病的诊断价值。方法选取2018年1月至2019年3月我院收治的髋关节疾病患者116例,患者均进行了X线平片与多层螺旋CT,收集患者影像学资料及临床资料,比较两种检查对髋关节疾病误诊率、漏诊率。结果X线平片对髋关节骨折、股骨头坏死、髋关节结核诊断准确率分别为80.28%、75.86%、68.75%;螺旋CT对髋关节骨折、股骨头坏死、髋关节结核诊断准确率分别为95.77%、100.00%、100.00%,明显优于X线平片检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);螺旋CT仅出现骨折漏诊、关节内碎片漏诊各1例(0.86%),髋关节疾病漏诊误诊合计发生率为1.72%;X线平片骨折漏诊、结核漏诊、关节内碎片漏诊、关节内碎片误诊率分别为6.03%、3.44%、4.31%、3.44%,漏诊误诊合计发生率为17.24%,高于螺旋CT检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多层螺旋CT可有效、全面显示股骨头缺血性坏死、髋关节结核、股骨头骨折典型影像学征象。结论X线平片、多层螺旋CT均可有效显示不同髋关节疾病的图像表现,多层螺旋CT对髋关节疾病诊断准确率优于X线平片,漏诊误诊率低。     

传统X线平片与数字化X线摄影(DR)在肋骨骨折诊断中的应用价值

目的:探究传统X线平片与数字化X线摄影(DR)在肋骨骨折诊断中的应用价值.方法:本次研究选取2015年7月-2017年7月期间我院收治的肋骨骨折患者160例作为研究对象,回顾分析其临床资料,依据诊断检查方式进行分组,80例行传统X线平片检查,作为X线平片检查组;其余80例行DR检查,作为DR组,观察两组诊断效果.结果:传统X线平片检查组诊断准确率76.25%(61/80),漏诊/误诊19例;DR组为96.25%(77/80),漏诊/误诊3例(P<0.05).结论:DR在肋骨骨折诊断中可以取得较高的应用价值.     

16层螺旋CT三维重建与DR平片对外伤性肋骨骨折诊断价值

目的分析16层螺旋电子计算机断层扫描(CT)三维重建与直接数字平板X线成像系统(DR)平片对外伤性肋骨骨折的诊断价值。方法选择2015年3月‐2016年2月在该院接受治疗的60例肋骨骨折患者作为本次研究对象。所有患者均先采用胸部正片和受伤胸部疼痛部位肋骨部位的DR摄片检查,之后采用16层螺旋CT进行扫描。对比两种诊断方式的诊断准确性。结果通过临床诊断与影像学证实,60例患者中总共发生123处骨折,其中多发性骨折患者有33例(55.00%),肋骨段为第4~10段患者最多(71.54%),水平节段中腋段发生率最高(54.48%);16层螺旋CT三维重建的诊断准确率为97.56%,DR平片诊断准确率为79.67%,两种诊断方式的诊断准确率差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。通过16层螺旋CT三维重建,发现患者合并锁骨骨折8处,肩胛骨骨折13处,颈椎骨和胸椎骨骨折8处;肺挫伤12例,胸腔积液8例。结论 16层螺旋CT诊断肋骨骨折有着显著的诊断作用,能够极大程度提升诊断的准确性与可靠性,并且在隐匿性骨折方面其诊断准确性显著高于DR平片,值得临床推广。     

椎体脆性骨折多模态影像的诊断价值比较

目的对比研究椎体脆性骨折(骨质疏松性骨折)的X线平片、CT及MRI等多模态影像的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析78例经我院诊治的椎体脆性骨折的X线平片、CT及MRI影像资料,比较其诊断价值。结果 78例共计发生椎体新鲜脆性骨折118处,其中单发椎体骨折52例(66.7%),多发椎体骨折26例(33.3%)。MRI诊断椎体新鲜骨折118处,无漏诊;CT诊断椎体新鲜骨折90个,漏诊28个,漏诊率23.7%(28/118);X线平片诊断椎体新鲜骨折或形态变扁83个,漏诊48个,漏诊率40.7%(48/118)。结论 MRI可鉴别新鲜骨折与陈旧性骨折,是诊断椎体脆性骨折的最佳影像检查方法;CT检查漏诊率较高,X线平片漏诊率最高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.