新生儿GBS早发型败血症的临床特点及其影响因素

目的探讨新生儿GBS早发型败血症的临床特点及其影响因素。方法选自我院2017年6月至2018年12月新生儿科收治的12例GBS早发型败血症患儿作为此次实验研究对象的观察组,另外在选取12例晚发型败血症患儿作为对照组,通过检验,比较两组患儿血液中不同菌种的菌源构成以及围产影响因素。结果观察组患儿的致命病菌为大肠埃希菌、B链球菌。对照组的致命病菌为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷白杆菌;观察患儿围产期因素,观察组患儿在母体孕期GBS感染、羊水浑浊、胎膜早破以及窒息史均高于观察组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采用GBS检验可以得到早发型败血症的主要病菌因素:大肠杆菌、B链球菌以及肺炎克雷白杆菌,可以以此加强对于新生儿早发型败血症的预防,为后期治疗提供更加明确的治疗方向。     

足月新生儿败血症34例临床分析

目的探讨足月新生儿败血症的临床特点及治疗情况。方法收集2016年6月至2018年6月于本院新生儿病房住院的足月新生儿败血症资料,根据发病时间分为早发型(≤7 d)和晚发型新生儿败血症(7 d)。回顾分析新生儿败血症临床表现、实验室检查、治疗与转归。结果足月新生儿败血症共34例,其中早发型败血症25例(73.53%),晚发型败血症9例(26.47%)。早发型败血症和晚发型败血症肺炎及化脓性脑膜炎的发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。早发型败血症呼吸系统症状比较明显(P0.05),晚发型败血症神经系统症状较明显(P0.05)。早发型败血症白细胞升高、白细胞降低、C反应蛋白(CRP)升高,与晚发型败血症比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。本院34例足月新生儿败血症,以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌10例(29.41%)为主,其次为大肠埃希菌9例(26.47%),无乳链球菌7例(20.59%)。早发型败血症大肠埃希菌9例(36.00%),晚发型败血症肺炎克雷伯菌3例(33.33%),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。所有病例均无预后不良情况。结论早发型败血症及晚发型败血症临床表现有所不同;CRP灵敏性不高;早发型败血症以大肠埃希菌及葡萄球菌为主,晚发型以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌及肺炎克雷伯菌等条件致病菌为主,无乳链球菌有上升趋势;应重视围产期高危因素和早期临床表现,尽早行病原学检测。     

早发型与晚发型新生儿败血症临床分析

目的了解早发型与晚发型新生儿败血症的临床特点、病原菌分布和药敏情况,以指导临床的诊断和治疗。方法选择新生儿败血症71例,其中早发型28例,晚发型43例,对其临床表现、实验室检查等进行回顾性分析。结果早发型患儿硬肿、反应差发生率显著高于晚发型（均P〈0.01）。感染性休克、弥散性血管内凝血发生率显著高于晚发型,而晚发型化脓性脑膜炎显著高于早发型（均P〈0.05）。早发型PLT值明显低于晚发型（P〈0.05）,WBC及CRP值两组无显著差异（P〉0.05）。早发型败血症病原菌以大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌为主;晚发型以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS）、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌为主。结论早发型与晚发型败血症在临床表现、实验室指标及病原菌方面都有其不同特点,应根据不同特点来指导临床诊断和治疗。     

新生儿败血症274例病原菌分布及耐药性调查研究

目的:调查274例新生儿败血症病原菌分布及耐药情况,以指导临床合理用药。方法:回顾性分析274例败血症新生儿的临床资料,采取病例对照研究法,根据不同发病时间,分为早发型败血症98例、晚发型败血症176例,研究病原菌分布及耐药性。结果:败血症患儿的血标本病原菌培养为单一致病菌,主要为革兰阳性球菌、革兰阴性杆菌、真菌,分别是154株(56.2%),114株(41.6%),6株(2.2%);早发型败血症病原菌主要是革兰阴性菌(57.1%);晚发型败血症病原菌主要是革兰阳性菌(64.2%);早发型新生儿败血症凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌感染比例明显低于晚发型新生儿败血症(P<0.05),晚发型新生儿败血症大肠埃希菌感染比例明显低于早发型新生儿败血症(P<0.05)。革兰阳性菌中,金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌,对万古霉素的敏感性最高,对青霉素G敏感率最低;革兰阴性菌中,大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌对美罗培南、亚胺培南的敏感性最高。结论:新生儿早发型、晚发型败血症常见病原菌不同,临床在治疗时应根据细菌鉴定、药敏试验结果合理选择抗生素药物,并注意监测耐药性。     

早发型与晚发型新生儿败血症病原菌及药敏分析

目的探讨新生儿早发型和晚发型败血症的病原菌种类及药敏试验情况,以指导临床合理使用抗生素,降低耐药菌的产生。方法收集新生儿病房收治血培养阳性的新生儿败血症48例,按发病时间分为早发型败血症和晚发型败血症,对其病原菌、药敏等临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果早发型败血症以早产儿为主,致病菌以克雷伯杆菌、大肠埃希菌等革兰氏阴性菌占优势;晚发型败血症以足月儿为主,致病菌以葡萄球菌革兰氏阳性菌占优势。早发型败血症和晚发型败血症的胎龄与检出的革兰氏细菌比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。药物敏感性以万古霉素、美罗培南、左氧氟沙星、泰能最为敏感。结论新生儿败血症应根据其发病类型、血培养及药敏结果选用合适的抗菌药物,以减少耐药菌株产生,提高治疗效果。     

311例新生儿败血症病原体分离及其耐药性分析

目的分析新生儿重症监护病房新生儿败血症的病原体分布、临床特点、细菌耐药情况及治疗效果。方法回顾性分析新生儿重症监护病房新生儿败血症311例患儿的临床资料。结果早发型败血症患者中,病原菌依次为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、B族溶血性链球菌、屎肠球菌等;晚发型败血症患者中,依次为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌等。早发型和晚发型败血症中都是凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌败血症发生率最高,且耐药率很高。肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠杆菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶高,感染致败血症病情危重。肺炎克雷伯菌是医院感染的主要致病菌,占50%。结论凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌已成为新生儿血培养的首位菌,其耐药性日渐严重。肺炎克雷伯菌是新生儿重症监护病房内医院感染的重要致病菌,它和大肠杆菌败血症的病情均凶险,病死率高。     

新生儿早发型败血症与晚发型败血症病原菌分布及炎性因子变化比较

目的:探究新生儿早发型败血症(EOS)与晚发型败血症(LOS)病原菌分布及炎性因子变化。方法:选取2019年10月—2020年12月本科室收治的新生儿败血症患儿60例,其中30例EOS患儿作为早发组,30例LOS患儿作为晚发组。比浊法检测血超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平,电化学发光法检测降钙素原(PCT)水平,血培养进行病原菌检测,MIC法进行药敏试验。结果:EOS患儿胎龄、出生体质量、出生窒息、母孕期感染、胎膜早破和宫内窘迫发生率要显著高于LOS(P<0.05)。早发组感染革兰阴性菌菌株数显著高于晚发组,而感染革兰阳性菌菌株数则显著低于晚发组(P<0.05);早发组病原菌主要以大肠埃希菌(26.67%)和肺炎克雷伯菌(16.67%)为主;晚发组病原菌主要以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(30.00%)和金黄色葡萄球菌(16.67%)为主;革兰阴性菌及革兰阳性菌对青霉素、氨苄西林耐药率均较高,对头孢曲松耐药率均较低。与晚发组相比,早发组血白细胞(WBC)、hs-CRP和PCT水平无显著性差异(P>0.05),血小板(PLT)水平显著降低(P<0.05)。治疗36 h后,...     

124例新生儿败血症的临床特点和病原学分析

目的:分析新生儿败血症的临床特点、病原学。方法:对2013年3月至2017年2月濉溪县医院儿科124例血培养阳性的新生儿败血症临床资料回顾性分析,并依据败血症发病时间将病例分为早发型组和晚发型组,比较2组之间的差异。结果:住院新生儿败血症占同期住院新生儿的3.4%（124/3634）。其中早发型占54.8%（68/124）,主要表现黄疸,呻吟、青紫、呼吸困难、反应低下,C反应蛋白增高;晚发型败血症占45.2%（56/124）,主要表现发热、气促、黄疸,合并局部感染灶;早发型组羊水污染和胎膜早破发生率高于晚发型组（P<0.05）;早发型组黄疸、呻吟、青紫、呼吸困难、反应低下的发生率均明显高于晚发型组（P<0.01）;早发型组肺炎、合并局部感染灶的发生率低于晚发型组（P<0.01和P<0.05）。败血症致病菌中,革兰阳性菌占88.7%,革兰阴性菌占11.3%;革兰阳性菌对夫西地酸、万古霉素、米诺环素高度敏感,革兰阴性菌对碳青霉烯类高度敏感。结论:早发型和晚发型新生儿败血症临床表现各有特点,早发型临床症状较重;葡萄球菌及大肠埃希菌是我院儿科新生儿败血症主要病原菌,临床医生根据其临床特点及常见致病菌选择抗生素,再据血培养结果及药敏结果调整抗生素。     

早发型与晚发型新生儿败血症临床比较

目的：探讨早发型与晚发型新生儿败血症的临床表现、血液检查结果及并发症发生情况的差异,为提高该病的诊断及治疗水平提供帮助。方法：选取2011年6月至2013年6月收治的新生儿败血症60例,分为早发型组和晚发型组,每组30例。对2组患儿的临床表现、血液学相关检查结果及并发症发生情况进行比较。结果：早发型组硬肿、反应迟钝发生率高于晚发型组（χ2＝12．273、5．963,P均＜0．05）。早发型组感染性休克、DIC发生率高于晚发型组（χ2＝6．648、5．455,P均＜0．05）,而晚发型组化脓性脑炎发生率则高于早发型组（χ2校正＝5．192,P＝0．023）。早发型组PLT低于晚发型组（t＝4．298,P＜0．001）。结论：早发型与晚发型新生儿败血症临床表现、辅助检查各异,临床诊治过程中需综合分析。     

新生儿败血症151例临床特征及病原学研究

目的 分析新生儿败血症临床特征、病原菌分布情况,为临床诊治提供参考依据.方法 选取2015年1月至2020年12月珠海市妇幼保健院新生儿科病房收治的151例血培养证实为败血症患儿,按发病时间分为早发型败血症和晚发型败血症,对两组患儿的一般情况、临床表现、病原分布等进行统计分析.结果 早发型败血症以革兰阳性菌为主,其中无...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.