顺铂微囊—碘油混悬剂经肝动脉治疗中晚期肝癌

应用顺铂微囊-碘油混悬剂肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗中晚期肝癌共14例,术后l 3例临床情况改善,治疗2次后肿瘤显著缩小(>50%)4例,中度缩小(25～50%)6例,轻度缩小(<25%)1例,1例肿瘤轻度增大(另1例未复查,1例为弥漫型肝癌难阱测量肿块大小).所有肿瘤缩小的病例均可见肿瘤血管明显减少,大多数病人术后血管造影未见明显侧支循环形成.治疗术后3个月、6个月,8个月的生存率为100%、83%、62%,其中生存期大于6个月者,碘油造影分型除1例为不规则型外其余均为团块型或多结节型.     

TACE治疗78例巨块型肝癌临床疗效观察

目的:观察TACE治疗巨块型肝癌的疗效。方法:78例不宜手术切除的巨块型肝癌患者,使用Seldinger技术,分别行多次(1⁹次)TACE治疗。根据术前术后CT或MRI表现、DSA表现、血清AFP值及生存期来评估TACE术后的疗效。结果:78例术中造影均表现为肝脏肿瘤血管丰富及巨大肿瘤染色灶,术后肝功能均于4周内基本恢复至术前或正常水平。术后3个月54例AFP值较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肿瘤体积缩小达10%9次)TACE治疗。根据术前术后CT或MRI表现、DSA表现、血清AFP值及生存期来评估TACE术后的疗效。结果:78例术中造影均表现为肝脏肿瘤血管丰富及巨大肿瘤染色灶,术后肝功能均于4周内基本恢复至术前或正常水平。术后3个月54例AFP值较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肿瘤体积缩小达10%⁵0%者38例(48.7%),其中3例行2期外科手术切除术;肿瘤体积无明显进展者34例(43.6%);5例病灶持续进展。总体TACE术后6个月、12个月、24个月、36个月生存率分别为84.2%、71.6%、47.3%、25.7%。结论:TACE治疗能有效控制肝癌病灶进展,延长患者生存期,提高生活质量,对中晚期巨块型肝癌的治疗有重要意义。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合经皮微波凝固治疗晚期肝癌

目的 评价肝动脉化疗栓塞 B超引导下经皮微波凝固治疗＞5 cm肝癌的疗效及安全性.方法 对68例肝肿瘤＞5 cm的患者进行TACE PMCT治疗.随访CT、B超及肿瘤相关化验检查.结果 68例中肿瘤达到完全消融3例(4.4%),肿瘤消融范围＞50%或瘤灶缩小30%以上59例(86.8%),消融范围＜50%,肿瘤缩小不足30%6例(8.8%).AFP增高45例,术后下降＞50%者42例(93.3%),CEA增高37例,下降＞50%者28例(75.7%),CA19-9增高29例,下降＞50%者23例,(93.1%).生存期4～6个月3例,＞6个月31例,＞12个月34例,其中2例已终止治疗24个月,随访至今无复发.无相关性死亡发生.结论 TACE PMCT治疗肝肿瘤＞5 cm的患者是安全有效的手段.     

CT导引下经皮穿刺组织间植入125I放射微粒子治疗中心型肺癌的应用研究

目的探讨CT导引下经皮穿刺组织间植入125I放射微粒子治疗中心型肺癌的操作方法、安全性及疗效.方法回顾分析22例经CT平扫及增强扫描确诊的中心型肺癌,18例治疗前行CT导引下经皮穿刺活检快速病理证实,待病理结果后即刻行CT导引下经皮穿刺组织间植入125I放射微粒子7～16粒,125I微粒子放射性活度为22、26、30、33 MBq/粒,植入微粒子放射性总活度为181～355 MBq.穿刺点均为1处,调整进针方向2～5次,前胸壁入路8例,侧胸壁入路8例,后胸壁入路6例.22例中6例行经静脉化疗1～3次.结果 22例中随访满1个月以上者20例,2个月以上者16例,3个月以上者10例,6个月者3例.1个月随访20例中,肿瘤直径缩小≥50%者18例,无变化2例,增大0例;2个月随访16例中,肿瘤直径缩小≥50%者15例,无变化1例,增大0例;3个月随访10例中,肿瘤直径缩小≥50%者8例,无变化1例,增大1例;6个月随访3例中,肿瘤直径缩小≥50%者3例,无变化0例,增大0例.22例中治疗前有明显肺段、肺叶不张12例,随访中重新膨胀9例.治疗后新发生纵隔淋巴结转移4例,新发生胸骨转移1例、肝转移1例.并发症气胸11例,粒子脱落1例.结论经皮穿刺组织间植入125I放射微粒子治疗中心型肺癌可使瘤体明显缩小,效果肯定.CT导引下准确,相对安全.此种治疗对转移有无明显预防作用有待研究.但对局部转移灶治疗同样有效.     

经颈静脉肝内门体分流术治疗肝癌合并门静脉高压的临床价值北大核心CSCD

目的 探讨经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(TIPS)治疗肝癌合并门静脉高压(PHT)患者的临床价值。方法 选取2017年5月至2021年5月在中国科学技术大学附属第一医院接受TIPS治疗的肝癌合并PHT患者31例作为研究组,筛选接受保守治疗患者36例作为对照组。根据改良实体瘤疗效评价标准(m RECIST)评估患者疗效,比较两组并发症发生情况和无并发症生存时间。结果 TIPS手术成功率为100%。术后门静脉压力平均降低19.57 cmH_(2)O(95%CI=17.88~21.26),门静脉直径平均缩小4.25 mm(95%CI=2.85~5.66),差异有统计学意义(t=23.672、6.178,均P<0.05)。术后1年支架畅通率为90%(28/31),2年畅通率为87%(27/31)。研究组、对照组治疗后1年内肝性脑病(HE)发生率差异无统计学意义[32%(10/31)、25%(9/36),χ^(2)=0.432,P=0.510]。研究组HE患者12、20个月累积生存率和中位生存时间均高于对照组(78.8%、39.4%和19个月比33.3%、0和8个月,均P<0.05)。研究组、对照组中位无并发症生存时间分别为153 d、58 d,30 d和90 d无并发症生存率分别为90.3%和61.3%,77.8%和30.6%,研究组优于对照组(均P<0.01)。研究组腹水、再出血发生率均低于对照组(χ^(2)=16.810、15.085,均P<0.01)。研究组、对照组分别有19例、20例患者接受肝癌介入治疗,手术均获得成功。两组不良反应发生率和治疗3个月后肿瘤反应率差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)结论 TIPS治疗肝癌合并PHT具有一定的临床应用价值。     

利用CT观察肝癌内碘化油的沉积指导再行血管介入治疗时机的研究

目的 :探讨利用CT观察肝癌内碘化油沉积情况 ,来指导再行TACE治疗时机。方法 :对临床诊断证实的 12 0例原发性肝癌患者 ,采用Seldinger技术经皮行选择性肝动脉插管TACE治疗术 ,术后 4周再行CT平扫 ,观察肝癌区内碘化油沉积情况。结果 :12 0例患者TACE治疗间隔时间最短为 1个月 ,最长为 6个月 ;治疗后肿瘤灶缩小约 5 0 %者 32例 (2 6 .7% ) ,肿瘤缩小约 30 %～ 4 0 %者 6 6例 (5 5 .0 % ) ,肿瘤无明显变化者 2 2例 (18.3% )。患者生存率 2年者 86例 (71 7% )、3年者 18例 (15 % )、4年者 12例 (10 % )、5年者 4例 (3.3% )。结论 :利用CT观察肝癌内碘化油沉积情况 ,指导再行TACE治疗时机 ,是一种简单易行理想的检查方法     

MSCT引导下经皮穿刺微波治疗周围型非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨MSCT引导下经皮经肺微波热凝固(MCT)治疗周围型非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效,确定其临床应用价值。方法:在MSCT引导下,经皮经肺穿刺MCT治疗周围型非小细胞肺癌32例(共34个病灶)。微波频率2 500MHz,功率60～80W,每个固化点加热10～15min。根据肿瘤的直径及形状进行单点固化或者多点多次固化。结果:肿瘤MCT治疗后即刻,MSCT表现为病灶密度减低或出现气化灶。治疗后2个月复查MSCT显示病灶消失者(CR)4例,病灶缩小>50%者(PR)19例,有效率(CR+PR)为67.6%。随访3～40个月,1年、2年及3年生存率分别为68.8%(22/32),46.9%(15/32),28.1%(9/32)。相关并发症为气胸4例,胸腔积液1例,肺部感染1例。结论:MSCT引导经皮穿刺MCT治疗周围型肺癌是有效、微创和安全的新方法。     

选择性肝动脉栓塞治疗巨大肝血管瘤

目的:研究和探讨经肝动脉栓塞治疗巨大肝血管瘤的价值和作用。方法:对12例巨大肝血管瘤进行超选择性肝动脉栓塞,先用碘油或超液态碘油栓塞肿瘤区小血管,再用明胶海绵细条栓塞供血动脉主干。结果:血管造影复查显示碘油聚积于肿瘤内,肿瘤血管消失,供血动脉闭塞,1～2 个月后复查肿瘤不同程度缩小,其中缩小50% 以上者9例,不足50% 者3 例,2 例栓塞后获手术切除,瘤体大部分纤维化,血管闭塞。结论:巨大肝血管瘤经动脉栓塞治疗是一种安全、简单、有效的治疗方法,认为对需手术切除的巨大肝血管瘤应先栓塞治疗     

Ⅲ、Ⅳ型肝门区胆管腺癌的介入治疗

目的 探讨Ⅲ、Ⅳ型肝门区胆管腺癌综合介入治疗的价值。方法 21例经病理证实为肝门区胆管腺癌伴梗阻性黄疸的病例，CT、MR胰胆管成像、经皮经肝胆系造影术将其分为Ⅲ、Ⅳ型，采用内外引流术、多极射频消融术、胆管内支架置人术及动脉化疗灌注术序贯性治疗。结果 所有肿瘤射频消融治疗1个月后CT值明显下降，13个病灶缩小约30％，4个病灶缩小约20％，4个病灶大小未变；6个月后均有缩小，缩小最显著者为60％左右，21个病灶平均缩小37％。有17例在射频消融治疗1个月后直接胆红素和间接胆红素恢复到正常水平，6个月后复查全部正常。随诊时间最长的为24个月，最短9个月，近期平均生存期14个月。结论 综合介入治疗是Ⅲ、Ⅳ型肝门区胆管腺癌安全有效的治疗方法。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞术联合CT引导下射频消融治疗大肝癌的疗效和安全性

 目的 评价肝动脉化疗栓塞术(transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, TACE)联合CT引导下经皮穿刺射频消融治疗大肝癌的疗效及安全性。方法 回顾性分析52例经穿刺病理或影像学诊断的大肝癌患者临床资料,患者均先行1次TACE术,术后2周复查增强CT,对碘油沉积欠缺的区域在CT导向下进行射频消融治疗,术后复查甲胎蛋白(AFP)、增强MRI或CT评价肿瘤体积缩小及坏死情况,随访时间为12个月。结果 52例 (56个病灶)手术均获得成功。TACE术前病灶最大径为(12.7±2.7)cm,射频术后1个月病灶最大径为(6.1±1.9)cm,肿瘤大小较术前均有不同程度缩小(t=14.416,P<0.05)。TACE术前AFP值为(4156±689)ng/ml,射频术后1个月为(256±178)ng/ml,AFP值明显下降(t=39.485,P<0.05)。其中完全消融(CR)26例,大部分消融(PR)21例,稳定(SD)4例,进展(PD)1例,总体有效率为90.4%,12个月生存率为92.3%。结论 TACE联合CT导向下射频消融治疗大肝癌是一种安全、有效、微创的治疗方法。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.