先锋美他醇治疗肺部感染疾病100例临床观察

为了解先锋美他醇的抗菌治疗效果，对１００例呼吸系感染性疾病病人给予先镁美他醇，每日２－４ｇ静脉推注或静脉滴注。５－１４天一个疗程。结果显示先锋美他醇，显效率１９．２％，有效率６８．７０％，总有效率８７．９％。     

先锋美他醇治疗肺部感染疾病100例临床观察

为了解先锋美他醇（CMZ）的抗菌治疗效果，对100例呼吸系感染性疾病病人给予先锋美他醇，每日2－4g静脉推注或静脉滴注。5－14天一个疗程。结果显示先锋美他醇，显效率19．2％，有效率68．70％，总有效率87．9％。对肝、肾功能系统未见明显副作用。总之，先锋美他醇对轻中度肺部感染效果肯定，对重度感染者，因该药抗菌谱较广，尤对金黄色葡萄球菌有一定的抑制作用，加之副作用小，与同类产品比较，其价格稍便宜，病人易接受，仍不失为临床上选用的药物。     

先锋美他醇治疗重症细菌性感染疗效观察及护理

先锋美他醇(CMZ)是一种非耐药诱导型抗生素,其抗菌谱广,对革兰阳性菌、革兰阴性菌和厌氧菌都有广泛的抗菌作用。重症细菌性感染,其特点是:感染多重性,高热达39℃以上,热型不一,持续时间长,有的长达一月以上,临床上难以治     

先锋美他醇治疗重症细菌性感染45例疗效观察

先锋美他醇(CMZ)是一种非耐药诱导型抗生素,其抗菌谱广,对革兰阳性菌,革兰阴性茵和厌氧菌都有广泛的抗菌作用。对耐青霉素及耐头孢菌素的细菌亦有很好的抗菌作用。我院于1992年2月—1993年10月用先锋美他醇治疗以败血症为主的重症感染45例。现将临床疗效观察结果报告如下。1 对象 45例患者均为我院住院病人。其中男24例,女     

先锋美他醇的血药浓度监测

８例健康志愿者静脉滴注先锋美他醇后观察其血药浓度及药效学的改变，按随机交叉试验设计分别用１ｇ，ｑ６ｈ及２ｇ，１１２ｈ，用药２ｄ，药物浓度达稳态后，分别静脉取血，分离血清后测其血药浓度及血杀菌活性。     

高效液相色谱法测定先锋美他醇

本文介绍用高效液相色谱法,C18柱,pH6.0醋酸铵缓冲液:甲醇(85:15)为流动相,检测波长273nm,以乙酰苯胺作内标,测定先锋美他醇的含量,在50～750μg/ml浓度与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9999),注射剂的平均回收率为99.98%,重复进样相对标准偏差为0.33%.(n=7).方法简便,准确.     

先锋美他醇与头孢他啶、左氧氟沙星治疗下呼吸道细菌性感染的临床疗效比较

目的：旨在比较先锋美他醇与头孢类、喹诺酮类抗感染药在治疗下呼吸道细菌性感染疾病中的疗效及副反应。方法：选择96例临床确诊此类疾病且细菌学检查呈阳性的患者,随机分成A、B、C三组;分别用先锋美他醇2gb．i．d、头孢他啶2gb．i．d、左氧氟沙星200mgb．i．d,均为单药静脉点滴;疗程为7-10d,平均8．5d。结果：A、B、C组临床总有效率分别为94％、81％和87％;对痰致病菌的总清除率分别为87．8％、74．1％和81．3％。结论：与头孢类、喹诺酮类抗感染药相比,先锋美他醇在治疗下呼吸道细菌性感染方面,具有抗菌作用更强、疗效较确切、安全性好的独特优势,尤其适合需氧菌知厌氧菌混合感染经验治疗的首选方案。     

高效液相色谱法测定先锋美他醇

本文介绍用高致液相色谱法，C18柱，pH6．0醋酸铵缓冲液：甲醇(85：15)为流动相，检测波长273nm，以乙酰苯胺作内标，测定先锋美他醇的含量，在50～750μg／ml浓度与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0．9999)，注射剂的平均回收率为99．98％，重复进样相对标准偏差为0．33％(n=7)。方法简便，准确．     

甲磺酸帕珠沙星治疗呼吸道细菌性感染的临床研究

目的:评价国产注射用甲磺酸帕珠沙星治疗呼吸道细菌感染的疗效和安全性.方法:采用多中心双盲随机对照试验设计,共入选病例124例,脱落1例,剔除5例,可评价病例118例,试验组59例,对照组59例.试验组应用甲磺酸帕珠沙星注射剂0.5 g·次-1,bid,静滴;对照组应用盐酸左旋氧氟沙星注射剂0.3 g·次-1,bid,静滴,疗程7～14 d.结果:试验组与对照组的痊愈率分别是71.19%和66.10%,总有效率分别为98.31%和94.92%;两组细菌清除率分别为95.83%和93.62%;两组不良反应率分别为4.84%和3.23%.两组比较差异均无显著性(P＞0.05).结论:国产注射用甲磺酸帕珠沙星治疗呼吸道细菌性感染疗效确切,安全性好.     

Efficacy of cefminox in the treatment of bacterial infections

In an open trial, 1841 patients were treated with mainly 1 g of cefminox twice a day in adults or 20-30 mg/kg three or four times a day in children for up to 14 days. The clinical efficacy was assessed in 1560 patients (1256 adults, 304 children) and the efficacy rates were as follows: 82.3% in respiratory tract infections (n:525), 85.7% in biliary tract infections (n:87), 66.4% in urinary tract infections (n:509), 92.1% in gynaecological infections (n:126), 88.1% in peritonitis (n:84), 74.9% in all infections (n:1560). The overall bacterial response rates in single infections were 81.5% (81.5% for Staphylococcus aureus, 98.4% for Escherichia coli, 98.6% for Haemophilia influenzae and 38.8% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The safety of cefminox was assessed in 1831 patients. Adverse side-effects were reported in 35 patients (1.9%), the most frequent being rash.     

Double-blind comparative clinical evaluation of cefamandole and cefmetazole in the treatment of respiratory tract infections

Cefamandole sodium (CMD), a new cephalosporin-derivative, was synthesized in the Laboratory of Eli-Lilly Co. Ltd. U.S.A. in 1972. CMD, which is several times more active than cefmetazole (CMZ, a cephamycin antibiotic) against Gram-positive cocci, is only as active as the latter antibiotic against Gram-negative bacilli. Against Haemophilus influenzae, CMD exhibits an antimicrobial activity which is as strong as that of ampicillin sodium. Our previous comparative tests on efficacy and safety of CMD versus cefazolin (CEZ) demonstrated that CMD was as effective and safe as CEZ in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. In the present clinical trial, the efficacy and safety of CMD are evaluated by a comparative double blind method using CMZ, a more recently synthesized cephamycin antibiotic, as a reference drug. For this purpose, a comparative double blind study was carried out in 50 institutions and clinics in Tohoku and Hokkaido districts in Japan. A total of 272 inpatients, who was aged over 16 years and was diagnosed as having pneumonia, lung abscess or acute infectious exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, was included in this trial. They received 2 g of CMD or CMZ twice a day by intravenous drip infusions, as a rule, for 14 days. Of these patients, 264 (133 received CMD and 131 CMZ) were available for the evaluation of safety and usefulness. Two hundred and thirty-eight patients (122 received CMD and 116 CMZ) were adopted for the evaluation of efficacy. Prior to the treatment, there was no significant difference with respect to age, sex, severity of infection and underlying diseases between subjects in 2 treatment groups. An excellent or good clinical response was obtained in 82% of the patients treated with CMD, and in 81% of those treated with CMZ. Thus, there was no significant difference in cure rate between 2 treatment groups. However, an excellent clinical response was found in 12.3% of the patients treated with CMD, whereas only in 4.3% of those treated with CMZ. This difference in percentage of excellent clinical response between 2 treatment groups was statistically significant (P less than 0.05). Of the 87 patients with moderate to severe infection who were treated with CMD, 13 showed an excellent response. Only 4 of 90 patients treated with CMZ showed an excellent response. Statistically the difference in the rate of excellent response between these 2 groups was significant (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

注射用头孢美唑钠治疗呼吸系统感染Ⅱ期临床研究

目的:评价国产注射用头孢美唑钠治疗中、重度呼吸系统细菌感染的临床有效性和安全性。方法:采用随机、双盲、平行对照临床研究。将48例呼吸系统感染患者随机分入试验组(n=24)和对照组(n=24),分别静脉滴注国产或进口注射用头孢美唑钠,剂量均为4 g·d~(-1),bid,疗程5～12 d。结果:试验组和对照组的痊愈率分别为27．3%和33．3%;有效率分别为72．7%和76．2%;细菌清除率分别为87．5%和76．9%;对G~+球菌的清除率分别为81．8%和80．0%,对G~-杆菌的清除率分别为100．0%和75．0%。两组各项指标比较差异均无显著性(P＞0．05)。两组均未发生不良事件。结论:国产注射用头孢美唑钠治疗中、重度呼吸系统感染疗效好,安全性高,与进口头孢美唑钠相近。     

Efficacy and safety of enoxacin in the treatment of respiratory infections

The present report concerns an open clinical trial aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of enoxacin (Zami 8401), a new quinolone drug, in bacterial infections of the lower respiratory tract. A total of 30 hospital in patients, 25 males and 5 females, of a mean age of 67 years (range 39-84 years), suffering from bronchopneumonia, or acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, were treated. Enoxacin was administered at the dose of 800 mg twice daily by the oral route. As a rule the patients received the drug for ten days. Efficacy was assessed on the basis of radiological, bacteriological and clinical changes. Tolerance was monitored by the daily recording of any sign or symptom possibly related with the drug as well as by laboratory tests performed before, during and after the treatment. Efficacy was excellent in 80%, good in 17%, poor in 3% of the patients. Tolerance was excellent in all except one patient. Enoxacin appears a very effective and safe drug in the treatment of the infections of the lower respiratory tract.     

Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of cefmetazole in respiratory tract infections of patients with underlying respiratory diseases

Respiratory infections of 10 subjects with underlying respiratory diseases were treated with cefmetazole (CMZ) and its clinical effects were studied. Five subjects of them were respiratory tract infection, 3 subjects were pneumonia and 2 subjects were pneumonia followed by empyema. The underlying diseases were chronic pulmonary emphysema in 4 subjects, diffuse panbronchiolitis in 3, chronic bronchitis in 2 and bronchial asthma in 1. The doses of CMZ were 4 to 8 grams per day and the durations of administration ranged 3 to 39 days. The clinical effects were judged from the changes of fever, cough, amount of sputum, dyspnea, rale, chest X-ray, white blood cell counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, sputum culture and PaO2. The clinical effects of 6 subjects were evaluated as good, those of 3 were fair and that of 1 was poor. In 3 subjects H. influenzae in the sputum was eliminated and in 1 subject both H. aphrophilus and alpha-Streptococcus found in the pleural effusion were eliminated. In 1 subject Klebsiella in the sputum was eliminated and replaced by Enterobacter. No side effects were observed. We conclude that CMZ is considerably useful in the treatment of respiratory infections of the patients with underlying respiratory diseases.     

硫酸依替米星治疗细菌性感染临床评价

采用非盲法多中心平行开放试验研究硫酸依替米星治疗急性细菌性感染的安全性及有效性。用药方案为每次 10 0～ 15 0 mg,静脉滴注 qd或 q12 h,疗程 7～ 10 d,共完成合格病例 134例 ,其中 111例细菌培养阳性 (82 .84% )。结果显示 :对 134例不同感染病种患者的临床有效率为 90 .2 9% ,对 111例不同细菌感染患者的临床有效率及细菌清除率均为 90 .0 9% ,不良反应发生率为 6 .72 % ,反应程度轻微。纸片药敏试验结果显示细菌对依替米星的敏感率与奈替米星相似 ,高于庆大霉素 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :硫酸依替米星是一个安全有效的治疗急性细菌性感染的抗菌药物。     

加替沙星与左氧氟沙星治疗呼吸道细菌感染的疗效比较

目的:比较加替沙星与左氧氟沙星治疗敏感性细菌引起的呼吸道感染的疗效与安全性。方法:以左氧氟沙星为对照,在30例受试者中进行了随机双盲、双模拟、平行对照试验。A组15例,每日给予加替沙星4 0 0 m g口服。B组15例,每日给予左氧氟沙星4 0 0 mg口服,治疗7d～14 d。结果:A组患者用药后临床痊愈率10 0 % ,有效率10 0 % ,B组患者用药后临床痊愈率93% ,有效率93%。两组疗效比较,差异无显著性(P>0 .0 5 )。A组与B组的细菌清除率均为10 0 % (P>0 .0 5 ) ,两组不良反应发生率分别为13%与8% (P>0 .0 5 )。结论:加替沙星治疗呼吸道感染疗效及安全性与左氧氟沙星相似。     

普卢利沙星片治疗呼吸和泌尿系统急性感染的有效性和安全性研究

目的:评价国产普卢利沙星片治疗呼吸系统和泌尿系统急性细菌感染的安全性和有效性.方法:采用多中心、随机、双盲双模拟、阳性药平行对照试验设计,以左氧氟沙星为对照药,普卢利沙星组264 mg,左氧氟沙星组200 mg,每日两次,疗程5～14天,视病情和病种而异.结果:本研究共纳入265例,普卢利沙星组132例,左氧氟沙星组133例.疗程结束时,两系统感染的FAS分析,对照组和试验组痊愈率分别为67.67%和73.48%,总有效率对照组和试验组分别为89.47%和90.91%.PP分析与FAS分析结果一致.对照组细菌清除率为94.06%(95/101);试验组细菌清除率为95.96%(95/99).两组以上比较均无统计学差异.两组的不良反应发生率分别为5.26%(7/133)和3.79%(5/132),包括恶心、头痛、腹胀、腹泻等,其程度均为轻度,疗程结束后均消失或恢复正常.两组不良反应比较差异无统计学意义.结论:国产普卢利沙星片同左氧氟沙星相比,其治疗急性呼吸道和泌尿道感染的安全性和有效性相当.     

氨曲南治疗下呼吸道感染的疗效观察

目的 观察氨曲南治疗下呼吸道感染的临床疗效.方法 56例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各28例,治疗组给予氨曲南治疗,对照组给予头孢吡肟治疗,疗程均为7～14d.观察2组临床疗效、细菌学改变及不良反应发生情况.结果 治疗组痊愈率和有效率分别为46.4%和92.9%,均高于对照组的21.4%和71.4%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组细菌清除率为91.4%,对照组为89.9%,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组均未出现严重不良反应.结论 氨曲南治疗下呼吸道感染安全、有效,值得临床推广应用.