如何有效减少网络布线系统故障

医院综合网络布线系统是医院网络最大的基础设施,它虽然所占信息化总投资比例不高,但70％以上的网络故障都与布线系统有关。如何减少网络布线系统的故障,保证医院网络的正常运行是每个医院信息部门都必须认真对待的问题。从规划设计、施工监理、验收使用等三方面采取多种措施可有效减少医院网络布线系统的故障发生率,从而保证医院信息系统的正常运行。     

谈医院信息系统中的网络建设

医院信息管理系统中计算机网络的建设是整个应用系统运行的高速路,为使医院整个系统运行在稳定可靠、安全高效的健康网络环境中,必须对网络建设进行合理的规划,拟订出科学的方案。     

我院计算机网络设计

计算机网络是数字化医院的基础,网络性能好坏直接关系到软件运行的效果,本文从网络结构、布线、服务器等几方面介绍我医院计算机网络的设计方案及应用。     

大型医院信息系统网络改造方案

目的:针对目前医院网络存在的布局不合理等问题,对其进行改造.方法:结合医院网络计算机建设的经验,设计包括核心层、分布层、访问层在内的三层网络架构,从信息理论思路、结构化布线系统、计算机网络技术和运行等方面,提出了网络改造方案.结果:网络改造工程取得了预期效果,为医院信息系统的稳定运行提供了良好的运行环境.结论:网络改造工程有效地确保了医院各网络站点稳定、可靠和高效的运行,满足了我院对未来信息化发展的需要,取得了良好的社会效益和经济效益.     

“军字一号”工程网络布线系统的设计

本介绍了南京总医院“军字一号”工程网络布线系统工程设计,阐述了综合布线设计要领、设计标准,以及“军字一号”工程网络布线系统的设计要求。从医院信息管理要求出发,网络布线系统的设计要充分满足“军字一号”工程应用及将来发展的要求。     

广安门医院新楼信息化智能化系统的设计及实现

广安门医院新楼信息化、智能化系统按照规范性、兼容性、可扩展性、超前性、全面性的原则进行设计,整个系统实现了综合布线、信息发布、IP/TV电视系统、安全防范系统、设备管理、医用系统、停车场管理、会议系统、标准时钟系统及系统集成管理平台等功能。系统实施后,不仅满足了医院目前的运行需求,而且为未来智慧医院的建设奠定了基础。     

浅谈结构化综合布线系统的设计

结构化综合布线系统是一种包含着多种先进技术的高技术系统,是一种内容极其丰富的复合结构和功能广泛的计算机管理系统,是一种提供各种服务项目的公共服务系统,还是一种需要专业人员安装、管理、维护的专业系统。结构化综合布线系统是医院管理信息系统的通用平台,是向所有具有通信要求的设备提供通信线路的最底层的系统,布线系统的先进性、灵活性和可扩充性将极大地影响整个医院管理信息系统的先进性、灵活性和扩充能力,应事先将不确定因素考虑在内,使布线系统可以满足用户不断发展的需求,而布线系统的性能在很大程度上受到设计质量的影响。     

医院信息系统数据保护的措施

医院信息系统数据作为信息管理系统的源头和基础，它的可靠性和准确性直接影响医院管理工作。因此，管理和保护好系统数据和信息是我们使用医院管理系统中必须解决的问题。在对系统数据保护方面我们做了以下工作。一、为系统数据提供可靠的硬件保障可靠的网络技术和硬件设备是网络正常运行的基本条件，是系统数据安全的根本保障。因此，从网络系统设计到网络设备的选择，我们充分考虑了其先进性、经济性和实用性。１－网络技术布线：网络采用了先进成熟的高速以太网技术。１００／１０ＭＳＷＩＣＨ技术。采用专用服务器，１００Ｍ上网，各站…     

校园信息化建设中实验室网络布线的工程设计

目的：结合实践研究校园信息化建设中实验室网络布线工程的科学设计与合理应用。方法：从综合布线系统的设计原则出发,根据设计流程,对实验室网络布线进行细致的设计和论证,以保证综合布线系统工程的科学合理和便于执行。结果：通过科学合理的工程设计,有效地解决了施工过程中遇到的问题,缩短了工程施工时间,提高了工作效能。结论：网络布线的工程设计与施工是校园信息化建设的基础保证,在设计综合布线系统方案时,科学合理的综合布线设计和管理对整个工程的实施具有重要意义。     

医院数字化建设中计算机网络系统设计方案

医院数字化建设中离不开医院信息系统的建没，各医院为适应国际医学上不断发展的信息化趋势，必须建立医院信息系统，在开放的网络环境下，实现医院医疗、科研、教育的网络化管理，促进国内外医学界的交流与合作。医院信息系统（HIS）是指利用计算机软硬件技术、网络通讯技术等现代化手段，对医院及其所属各部门的人流、物流、财流进行综合管理，对在医疗活动各阶段中产生的数据进行采集、存储、处理、提取、传输、汇总、加工生成各种信息，从而为医院的整体运行提供全面、自动化的管理及各种服务的信息系统。因此，医院信息系统是一项复杂的信息工程，很能体现医院数字化建设的程度，而医院计算机网络系统设计却是数字化医院建设的基石。考虑到网络实现和管理技术的发展趋势，在结构化布线上做到一定的超前设计，以适应今后网络规模的扩大与功能的扩展是非常重要的。在网络方案设计上，要依据医院信息中心对医院网络与布线的要求，结合医院的地理布局和各楼群、楼层结构的具体情况，并参照国际和国内有关布线的规范与标准来完成。     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.