细胞色素P450 1A1 Ile462Val遗传变异 与转移性小细胞肺癌预后相关

摘要:目的　探讨CYP1A1基因多态与转移性小细胞肺癌预后的关系。方法　采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性的方法分析（PCR-RFLP）对CYP1A1Ile462Val遗传变异进行基因分型。采用Sigma Stat 11.0 对数据进行分析,用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线方法绘制生存曲线,应用COX多元回归进行多因素生存分析。结果　单因素生存分析结果显示,CYP1A1基因多态和吸烟因素是影响转移性小细胞肺癌的预后因素。CYP1A1 462Ile/Ile基因型携带者中位生存时间为15.8个月,而至少携带1个462Val等位基因型者中位生存时间为25.0个月,存在统计学差异（P＜0.001）。不吸烟者的中位生存时间为26.0个月,吸烟者的中位生存时间为16.2个月,差异有统计学意义（P＝0.03）。COX回归多因素生存分析显示,CYP1A1 Ile462Val多态、性别因素和吸烟因素都影响了转移性小细胞肺癌的预后（P＜0.05）。结论　CYP1A1基因多态与转移性小细胞肺癌患者的预后相关。     

GSTT1及CYP1A1基因多态性与肺癌易感性关系

目的 探讨细胞色素P4501A1(CYP1A1)和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶T1(GSTT1)基因多态性与肺癌易感性的关系.方法 用等位特异性PCR(AS-PCR)及多重PCR技术分析106例肺癌患者和250名健康人的CYP1A1、GSTT1基因多态性、基因型分布频率和交互作用.结果 携带CYP1A1(Val/Val)/GSTT1(-)基因型的人患肺癌的风险明显增加(P=0.025);吸烟与肺癌易感性有关(P=0.037),吸烟者患肺癌的风险明显增加(OR=1.628.95%CI=1.028～2.577);携带CYP1A1(Val/Val)基因的吸烟者较携带CYP1A1(Ile/Ile)基因型的不吸烟者易患肺癌(P=0.033);携带GSTT1(-)的吸烟者患肺癌的风险明显增加(P=0.045).结论 CYP1A1突变型和GSTT1(-)基因型是肺癌的可疑易患因素,二者对肺癌的发生有协同作用,但单独携带CYP1A1突变型或GSTT1(-)基因型肺癌易感性差异无统计学意义,吸烟与肺癌易感性有关;CYP1A1突变型、GSTT1(-)基因型与吸烟在肺癌的发生上有相互促进作用.     

CYP1A1及GSTP1基因多态性与肺癌易感性关系

目的 探讨细胞色素P4501 A1(CYP1A1) Exon7和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶P1(GSTPI) Ile105 Val基因多态性与内蒙古地区汉族人群肺癌易感性关系.方法 采用等位基因特异性扩增法分析216例汉族对照人群和116例肺癌患者CYP1A1 Exon7和GSTP1 Ile105 Val基因多态性.结果 携带CYP1A1 Exon7突变杂合型和纯合型的个体患肺癌的危险均升高(OR值分别为1.460和1.593),而携带GSTP1 Ile105 Val突变杂合型和纯合型的个体患肺癌的风险均降低(OR值分别为0.970和0.602);CYP1 A1 Exon7和GSTP1 Ile105 Val基因在肺癌易感性方面无协同作用;CYP1A1 Exon7与吸烟有协同作用(OR=2.637,95％ CI=1.056～6.530,P=0.032),GSTP1 Ile105Val与吸烟无协同作用.结论 CYP1 A1 Exon7突变基因型为肺癌的可疑易感因素,CYP1A1 Exon7突变基因型和吸烟对肺癌易感有协同作用,GSTP1 Ile105Val突变基因型可降低肺癌易感性.     

CYP1A1基因多态性与肺癌个体易感性研究

[目的 ]探讨CYP1A1Msp1和Ile/Val多态性单独或联合作用 ,对肺癌易感性的影响。 [方法 ]以病例一对照研究的方法 ,采用PCR扩增限制酶切法 (PCR -RFLP)和等位基因特异性扩增 (Allele SpecificAmplification ,ASA)检测 92例肺癌病人 (病例组 )和 98例非肿瘤病人 (对照组 )CYP1A1基因Msp1和Ile/Val基因型。 [结果 ]Msp1多态性位点 :具有B和C基因型者患肺癌的危险性是A基因型者的 1 85倍 (χ2 =4 3 6,P <0 0 5 ,OR =1 85 ,95 %CI 1 0 4～ 3 3 0 )。Ile/Val多态性位点 :Val/Val基因型者患肺癌的危险性是Ile/Ile基因型者的 3 3倍 (χ2 =4 12 ,P <0 0 5 ,OR =3 3 ,95 %CI 1 0 2～10 72 )。Ile/Val基因型联合B基因型、C基因型或Val/Val基因型联合C基因型与Ile/Ile基因型联合A基因型相比 ,患肺癌的危险性增加 ,其相对危险度分别为 3 0 9(χ2 =5 81,P <0 0 5 ,95 %CI 1 7～ 9 96) ;4 74(χ2 =4 74,P <0 0 5 ,95 %CI1 11～ 2 0 9) ;5 5 (χ2 =4 42 ,P <0 0 5 ,95 %CI 1 2 7～ 2 3 6)。 [结论 ]CYP1A1基因的B、C和Val/Val基因型可能是肺癌的易感基因型 ,两种易感基因型同时存在 ,更增加对肺癌的易感性     

吉林市汉族妇女GSTM1基因和CYP1A1基因Exon7位点多态性与 子宫内膜异位症易感性的研究

目的:探讨在吉林地区汉族妇女中细胞色素P450(CYP1A1)基因Exon7位点多态性即Ile-Val位点的多态性及GSTM1基因多态性和子宫内膜异位症易感性的相关关系。方法:以病例对照的研究方法,采用PCR技术检测216例子宫内膜异位症和216例对照人群的CYP1A1基因Ile-Val位点及GSTM1基因多态性的表达。结果:吉林地区汉族人群中GSTM1空白基因型分布频率0.463,内异症人群中空白基因型分布频率0.667,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),空白基因型患内异症的危险是功能基因型的1.896倍;Ile-Val三种多态基因型在内异症组和对照组分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Ile/Val、Val/Val基因型患内异症的危险分别是Ile/Ile基因型的1.901倍和3.056倍;CYP1A1 Ile/Val联合GSTM1空白基因型个体的OR值为3.409(95%C I 1.897~6.125,P<0.01),而CYP1A1Val/Val联合GSTM1空白基因型个体的OR值增高至7.143(95%C I 2.584~19.742,P<0.01)。结论:CYP1A1 Exon7的Ile/Val、Val/Val基因型及GSTM1空白基因型与内异症的易感性有关,二者联合效应具有协同作用,可望作为内异症易感人群筛选的重要指标。     

CYP1A1和GSTM3基因多态性与肺癌易感性关系

目的 研究CYP1 A1 Exon7和GSTM3基因多态性与内蒙古地区汉族肺癌易感性的关系.方法 采用等位基因特异性扩增法(ASA)和限制性片断长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术对324例汉族非肺部疾病患者和174例汉族肺癌患者进行CYP1A1 Exon7及GSTM3基因多态性分析;同时研究其与吸烟及肺癌之间的相互关系.结果 肺癌组与对照组的CYP1 A1 Exon7、GSTM3基因多态性差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);吸烟人群患肺癌的危险性是不吸烟人群的2.107倍(OR=2.107,95％ CI=1.44～3.080);携带CYP1A1 Exon7基因突变纯合型(Val/Val)的个体患肺癌风险增高(OR=1.576);携带CYP1 A1 Exon7基因突变杂合型和突变纯合型(Ile/Val+ Val/Val)并且吸烟的个体患肺癌的风险增高(OR=2.503).结论 吸烟为肺癌的易感因素,CYP1A1 Exon7基因突变杂合型和突变纯合型是肺癌的可疑易感因素,和吸烟在肺癌易感性方面具有协同作用;GSTM3基因多态性与肺癌易感性无关.     

细胞色素P4501A1基因多态性与食管癌易感性关系的Meta分析

目的 探讨细胞色素P4501A1(CYP1A1)MspI和Ile/Val位点基因多态性与食管癌发生的关系.方法 采用Meta分析方法,对国内外1997-2008年采用病例对照方法研究CYP1A1MspI和Ile/Val基因多态性与食管癌发生关系的16篇(MspI 8篇,Ile/Val 14篇)文献,采用显性模型(即突变基因型与野生型比较)进行综合定量分析,然后按病理分型(鳞癌/腺癌)分亚组进行分析.结果 综合分析CYP1A1 MspI突变基因型(TC+CC)与食管癌发生无统计学关联(OR=1.17,95%CI:0.82～1.66),亚组分析亦未发现CYP1A1 MspI突变基因型与食管鳞癌(OR=1.17,95%CI:0.82～1.69)和食管腺癌(OR=1.39,95%CI:0.67～2.09)的统计学关联;携带CYP1A1突变基因型(Ile/Val+Val/Val)的个体发生食管癌的危险性是野生型的1.39倍(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.07～1.80);亚组分析显示突变基因型与食管鳞癌发生的易感性相关但与食管腺癌无关联,OR值分别为1.43(95%CI:1.07～1.91)和1.20(95%CI:0.62～2.30).结论 CYP1A1 Ile/Val位点突变基因型可增加食管鳞癌发生的危险性,CYP1A1 MspI位点基因多态性与食管癌无关联.     

脂氧酶12 -183G＞A变异影响非小细胞肺癌发病风险

摘要:目的　探讨位于脂氧酶12（LOX12）基因启动子区-183G＞A单核苷酸多态与非小细胞肺癌发病风险之间的关系。方法　选取非小细胞肺癌患者956例及健康对照994例,利用PCR-限制性片段长度多态性方法进行基因分型,以多变量Logistic回归分析比值比（OR）及其95%可信区间（95%CI）。结果　LOX12 -183GG、GA、AA各基因型频率在病例组分别是20.8%、53.6%、25.6%,在正常对照组分别为26.8%、52.2%、21.0%。与-183GG基因型相比,AA基因型明显增加非小细胞肺癌的发病风险,其OR（95%CI）为1.53（1.17～2.00）;而GA基因型并不增加非小细胞肺癌发病风险,其OR（95%CI）值为1.23（0.98～1.55）。吸烟分层分析显示,以携带-183GG基因型的不吸烟者为参照,携带-183AA基因型的重度吸烟者发生非小细胞肺癌的风险为9.12（95% CI:5.07～16.41,P＜0.001）,大于不吸烟但携带-183AA 基因型者的OR值（OR＝2.03,95% CI:1.34～3.09,P＝0.001）与重度吸烟但携带-183GG基因型OR值（OR＝6.84,95%CI:3.81～12.31,P＜0.001）之和。结论　LOX12 基因启动子区-183G＞A单核苷酸多态可与吸烟交互作用共同增加非小细胞肺癌发病风险。     

肺癌易感性与4种代谢酶基因多态性关系的研究

目的 探讨4种代谢酶基因多态性与肺癌易感性的关系.方法 采用病例对照研究的方法,209例肺癌患者为病例组,256例健康体检者为对照组,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测Ⅰ相代谢酶基因细胞色素P450 1A1 (CYP1A1),Ⅱ相代谢酶基因谷胱甘肽S-转移酶M1 (GSTM1)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶T1 (GSTT1)及环氧化物水化酶(mEH)基因的多态性.结果 CYP1A1基因Ⅱe462Val位点纯和突变型、GSTM1缺失型、mEH基因Tyr113His位点纯和突变型在病例组与对照组中的分布频率差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),这3种变异基因型携带者与野生型携带者相比发生肺癌危险度分别为1.968倍(OR=1.968,95％CI 1.197～3.236)、1.775倍(OR=1.775,95％CI1.226～2.568)、1.983倍(OR=1.983,95％CI 1.260～3.121).CYP1A1基因Msp1位点、GSTT1及mEH基因His139Arg位点多态基因型在病例组与对照组中的分布频率差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).Logistic多元回归分析表明CYP1A1Ile462Val突变基因型与GSTM1缺失型、CYP1A1 Ile462Val突变基因型与mEH Tyr113His突变基因型之间在肺癌的发生中具有交互作用,这两种联合基因型携带者患肺癌的危险度分别为4.86、3.27 (P＜ 0.05).结论 代谢酶基因变异及基因间的交互作用与肺癌患癌危险度增高有关,其在肺癌的发生过程中起一定作用.     

肺癌易感性与NQO1、CYP1A1、mEH基因多态性的关系

[目的]对南京市正常人群和原发性肺癌病例进行NQO1，CYP1A1，mEH基因遗传多态性与肺癌易感性关系研究，探讨南京地区人群肺癌易感基因。[方法]收集正常人群样本88例；同时，应用病例-对照研究方法，收集南京市区原发性肺癌患者84例，同时按1：1配对选择正常对照84例，进行流行病学调查。采用PCR技术，对样本DNA进行NQO1，CYP1A1，mEH-exon3,mEH-exon4基因型的检测，并分析各基因型与肺癌易感性的关系。[结果]南京市正常人群中，相关基因野生型（wt/wt)。杂合型（wt/vt)，突变型（vt/vt)三种基因型的频率分布情况分别是：NQO129.5%,51.1%,19.3%;CYP1A2135.2%,44.3%,20.5%;mEH-exon326.1%,56.8%,17.0%;mEH-exon483.0%,15.9%.1.1%，南京市区人群NQO1，CYP1A1和mEH-exon4基因多态性与肺癌易感性没有明显关系。mEH-exon3基因型与肺鳞癌发生有关，野生型个体可降低肺鳞癌发生的风险（OR=0.32,95%CI;0.0078-0.63)。杂合型和突变型个体患肺鳞癌的危险性明显高于野生型个体（OR=3.1,95%CI:0.08-6.12)；考虑吸烟因素后，mEH-exon3基因型与吸烟者肺癌发生有关，野生型个体可使肺癌发病风险性降低（OR=3.1,95%CI;0.08-6.12)；考虑吸烟因素后，mEH-exon3基因型与吸烟者肺癌发生有关，野生型个体可使肺癌发病风险性降低（OR=0.18,95%CI;0.06-0.29)。杂合型和突变型个体患肺癌的危险性增高（OR=5.66,95%CI:2.01-9.30)。[结论]南京市人群中NQO1，CYP1A1，mEH基因型的分布情况与国内外的相关报道存在一定差异。种族差异，地域不同可能是造成肺癌易感基因不同的重要原因。南京市人群中mEH-exon3基因杂合型和突变型与肺鳞癌发生有关，与吸烟者肺癌发生关系更为密切。     

H1N1 vaccination

Early results (January to April) from the 2010 Canadian Community Health Survey show that an estimated 41% of Canadians (excluding those in the territories) aged 12 or older had been vaccinated for H1N1 by April 2010. The percentages were higher in the Atlantic provinces, Quebec and Saskatchewan than in Canada overall. Relatively high percentages of females and people aged 45 or older were vaccinated; the percentage of immigrants who had done so was relatively low. Being in a priority group (health-care worker, having children younger than 5 in the household, or having a chronic condition that could increase the risk for complications from H1N1) increased the likelihood of vaccination. A history of seasonal flu vaccination and having a regular doctor were also associated with H1N1 vaccination. Nearly three-quarters of those who had not been vaccinated reported that they did not think it was necessary.     

被动吸烟与cyp1b1、gstp1、sult1a1基因多态性对乳腺癌发病的影响

目的 探讨被动吸烟、cyp1b1、gstp1、sult1a1基因多态性及其联合作用对乳腺癌发病的影响。方法 2014 - 2015年间,采用病例-对照研究方法,收集病例794例,对照805例。问卷调查收集研究对象信息。采用飞行质谱技术,进行cyp1b1、gstp1、sult1a1基因单核苷酸多态性分型检测。采用多因素非条件 logistic 回归,分析环境烟草烟雾暴露及cyp1b1、gstp1、sult1a1基因多态性与乳腺癌发病风险的关系。结果 调整年龄、教育程度、家庭年总收入、职业、婚姻状况后,环境烟草烟雾暴露与gstp1基因多态性未发现协同作用。以环境烟草烟雾低暴露且携带 cyp1b1 rs1056836 C等位基因为参照,环境烟草烟雾高暴露且携带 GG 基因在绝经前女性中乳腺癌风险明显增高（OR = 1.678,95%CI:1.039～2.711）。以环境烟草烟雾组合低暴露且携带sult1a1 rs9282861GG基因型为参照,环境烟草烟雾高暴露且携带A等位基因绝经前乳腺癌风险明显增高（OR = 2.389,95%CI:1.157～4.931）,但交互作用系数无统计学意义。结论 环境烟草烟雾高暴露与cyp1b1 及sult1a1基因对乳腺癌发病风险可能存在协同作用,但尚扩大样本进行验证。     

Echo-AM1-1 encephaloscope]

A new miniature model of the A-mode ultrasonic echoencephaloscope, 0.88 MHz, has been developed and adopted to practical use in neurology. The device contains a detector for amplitude determination of echopulsation and curve (echopulsograms) recording. It is highly sensitive, cost-effective, which enhances the quality of rapid diagnosis of central nervous diseases, including those of vascular genesis, in in- and outpatient settings.     

接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗后患甲型H1N1流感分析

目的 分析接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗后发生甲型H1N1流感感染的病例,探讨发病原因,为进一步提高疫苗预防效果提供参考依据.方法 对接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗后发生甲型H1N1流感感染148例,进行回顾性调查分析.结果 接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗11176例.发生甲型H1N1感染148例,感染率1.32%,其中1～14 d感染81例,感染率0.72%,＞15 d感染67例,感染率0.60%.结论 甲型H1N1流感病毒裂解疫苗是一种安全高效的疫苗,不足之处尚待进一步探讨、完善.     

NF1 gene and neurofibromatosis 1

Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, is an autosomal dominant condition caused by mutations of the NF1 gene, which is located at chromosome 17q11.2. NF1 is believed to be completely penetrant, but substantial variability in expression of features occurs. Diagnosis of NF1 is based on established clinical criteria. The presentation of many of the clinical features is age dependent. The average life expectancy of patients with NF1 is probably reduced by 10-15 years, and malignancy is the most common cause of death. The prevalence of clinically diagnosed NF1 ranges from 1/2,000 to 1/5,000 in most population-based studies. A wide variety of NF1 mutations has been found in patients with NF1, but no frequently recurring mutation has been identified. Most studies have not found an obvious relation between particular NF1 mutations and the resulting clinical manifestations. The variability of the NF1 phenotype, even in individuals with the same NF1 gene mutation, suggests that other factors are involved in determining the clinical manifestations, but the nature of these factors has not yet been determined. Laboratory testing for NF1 mutations is difficult. A protein truncation test is commercially available, but its sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value have not been established. No general, population-based molecular studies of NF1 mutations have been performed. At this time, it appears that the benefits of population-based screening for clinical features of NF1 would not outweigh the costs of screening.     

GSTM1及GSTT1和GSTP1基因多态性对尿中1-羟基芘水平的影响

目的 研究GSTM1、GSTT1和GSTP1基因多态性对多环芳烃接触工人尿中1-羟基芘(1-OHP)水平的影响.方法 分别选取2个炼焦厂共447名多环芳烃职业接触工人(接触组)和某线材厂220名非职业接触工人(对照组)作为研究对象,采用高效液相色谱法测定尿中1-OHP水平,采用线性回归统计模型分析GSTM1和GSTT1缺失型及GSTP1 I105V位点的多态性对不同人群尿中1-OHP水平的修饰作用.结果 接触组工人尿中1-OHP浓度为4.61 μmol/mol Cr,明显高于对照组(0.34μmol/mol Cr),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).接触类别和吸烟分别是影响尿中1-OHP水平的主要因素,在控制各混杂因素的影响后,线性回归分析显示,接触组尿中1-OHP水平和GSTP1 I105V位点多态性有关(单基因分析,P=0.012;多基因分析,P=0.011),对总体样本,单基因模型和多基因模型均显示,尿中1-OHP水平可能和GSTT1缺失型多态有关(P=0.055),多基因交互作用分析显示,GSTT1和GSTP1基因多态对接触组尿中1-OHP水平具有交互作用.结论 谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GSTs)基因的多态性对接触多环芳烃工人尿中1-OHP水平有影响.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the modification of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) excretions in workers under different exposure levels. Methods Four hundred and forty-seven occupationally exposed workers from two coking plants and 220 control workers from a wire rod plant were genotyped to analyze the modification of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms on urinary 1-OHP excretions. Results The urinary 1-OHP concentration in exposed group was much higher than that in control group (4.61 vs 0.34 μmol/mol Cr, P＜0.05). Occupational exposure levels and cigarette smoking were of the dominating factors affecting 1-OHP excretions in urine. After controlling potential confounders, decreased excretion of urinary 1-OHP was associated with GSTP1 I105V AG + GG genotype in coke oven workers (single-gene model, P=0.012; multi-gene model, P=0.011 ) and with GSTT1 null type in the analysis including all subjects (P=0.055 in both single-gene and multi-gene models). GSTT1 and GSTP1 were interacted on the urinary concentrations of 1-OHP. Conclusion Urinary 1-OHP concentrations can be modified by GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms, indicating that these genes are involved in the metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.     

Co-circulation of pandemic 2009 H1N1, classical swine H1N1 and avian-like swine H1N1 influenza viruses in pigs in China

The pandemic A/H1N1 influenza viruses emerged in both Mexico and the United States in March 2009, and were transmitted efficiently in the human population. They were transmitted occasionally from humans to other mammals including pigs, dogs and cats. In this study, we report the isolation and genetic analysis of novel viruses in pigs in China. These viruses were related phylogenetically to the pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza viruses isolated from humans and pigs, which indicates that the pandemic virus is currently circulating in swine populations, and this hypothesis was further supported by serological surveillance of pig sera collected within the same period. Furthermore, we isolated another two H1N1 viruses belonging to the lineages of classical swine H1N1 virus and avian-like swine H1N1 virus, respectively. Multiple genetic lineages of H1N1 viruses are co-circulating in the swine population, which highlights the importance of intensive surveillance for swine influenza in China.