甲型H1N1流感68例护理临床效果观察

2009年3月,墨西哥暴发＂人感染猪流感＂疫情,并迅速在全球范围内蔓延.病毒基因中包含有猪流感、禽流感和人流感三种流感病毒的基因片段.世界卫生组织（WHO）将其命名为＂甲型H1N1流感＂.甲型H1N1流感为急性呼吸道传染病,是人类面临的主要公共健康问题之一.     

部队院校甲型H1N1流感防控策略研究

通过对部队院校甲型H1N1流感的防控对策问题的研究,寻求传染病疫情控制有效方法。构建开放式的信息管理系统,根据疫情发展的四个阶段随时调整防控策略,根据流行病学人群分布特点,分别针对甲型H1N1流感流行的不同时期、部队院校不同人群制定相应的防控对策。形成适应部队院校的动态系列甲型流感防控预案方案;为其他传染病的防治提供借鉴经验。     

深圳市甲型H1N1流感防控措施及其成效分析

今年初,墨西哥、美国等多国暴发甲型H1N1型流感（简称甲流）疫情,我国将其纳入乙类传染病,并采取了甲类传染病的预防、控制措施。深圳作为我国最大的出入境口岸城市之一,国际交往频繁,经济、社会活动集中,存在由输入性病例引起本地人群感染、甚至引起大规模人群暴发或流行的风险,疫情防控面临严峻挑战。     

世界卫生组织宣布将甲型H1N1流感警戒级别升至6级

6月11日,世界卫生组织总干事陈冯富珍正式宣布,把甲型H1N1流感警戒级别升至6级。这意味着世卫组织认为这次甲型H1N1流感疫情已发展为世界性的“流感大流行”,是进入21世纪以来第一次全球性大流感。按照世卫组织目前的流感警戒规定,当病毒在其认定的两个不同地区出现群体性传播时,警戒级别就应升至6级。陈冯富珍表示,目前除墨西哥和美国外,澳大利亚、英国、西班牙、日本和智利都确认其境内出现了一定程度的群体性传播。     

中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感应对成效分析

2009年5月9日,四川省成都市发生中国内地首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例后,迅速启动突发公共卫生事件Ⅱ级应急响应,高度敏感,严格落实“五早”措施;及时建立完善联防联控工作机制,政府、卫生等部门集中办公,强化应急指挥和信息沟通;细化方案,运用达菲和中西医结合方法,强化患者救治,成功治愈病例;多部门联合行动,确诊后3d找到所有148名同机接触者并实施有效医学观察;果断决策,采取了一系列强有力措施,有效阻止疫情的蔓延和扩散,为甲型H1N1流感防控工作积累了经验。     

甲型H1N1流感疑似病例确诊前的处置：一例分析

一位21岁的男子从加拿大多伦多回到北京,3d后发热、咽痛、头痛。门诊怀疑甲型H1N1流感。患者被隔离于门诊隔离区,其父母亦隔离于留观室。患者经咽拭子培养确诊后转传染病院。本院医护人员无感染者。从本例可得出如下经验：应仔细填写流行学调查表,注意鉴别诊断,咽拭子应由地方的疾病预防控制中心采样。     

关于甲型H1N1流感疫情的最新信息

2009年4月,甲型H1N1流感在墨西哥爆发,随后以高速蔓延的态势席卷全球。根据世界卫生组织通报,截至10月22日,全世界共有194个国家和地区报告39万9千多个确诊病例,死亡4735例（实际病例数和死亡数均应高于报告数）。截至10月28日,我国内地31个省（区、市）累计报告42 009例确诊病例,治愈30 854例;重症病例66例,治愈22例;     

我国目前甲型H1N1流感的形势和策略

2009年5月11日我国大陆报告了首例甲型H1N1流感,此后疫情持续发展,截至7月14日,累计大陆24个省份报告1354个确诊病例,治愈出院612（720）例;境内感染病例数明显增多,局部暴发亦已见于个别省份（广东和北京）。但至只有1例死亡的报告。香港已报告1055例,澳门68例,台湾报告71例。全国累计报告2568例。据世界卫生组织的资料,本病已波及全球五大洲126个国家和地区。     

甲型H1N1流感在世界蔓延

2009年2开始,墨西哥东部的Veracruz州,离首都墨西哥城5小时车程的La Gloria村,3000名居民中的116患了发热呼吸系统疾病。医务人员对当地30名呼吸疾病患者进行病毒检测。结果仅其中一位名叫Edgar Hemandez的5岁男孩,在4月被确诊为H1N1型猪流感病毒检测阳性,其他患者感染的病毒均是普通流感病毒H2N3。该村子附近共有8家卫生情况很差的养猪场,所以该村被认为是墨西哥猪流感疫情的爆发源。     

《唐山市甲型H1N1流感重症危重病例医疗救治方案》在防治工作中的作用

2009年3月,甲型H1N1流感在北美洲墨西哥和美国爆发,随后以高速蔓延的态势席卷全球。6月11日,WHO宣布将甲型H1N1流感大流行警告级别提升为6级,全球进入流感大流行阶段。我国从输入型病例逐步转为本土病例,从散发扩展为群体发病,从轻症多发即而出现重症病例。唐山市各级领导高度重视,果断决策,统一部署,强调准备工作的前瞻性与预见性,采取了一系列有效的防治措施。     

New Onset Guttate Psoriasis Following Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Vaccination

Since the introduction of H1N1 influenza vaccine in the wake of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, many serious and non-serious vaccine-related adverse events have been reported. The vaccination could induce pain, erythema, tenderness, and induration on injected areas. These symptoms usually disappear in a few days after the vaccination. In this case, we observed a 26-year-old woman with multiple erythematous scaly macules scattered on the extremities and trunk. She was injected with an inactivated split-virus influenza A/H1N1 vaccine without adjuvant (Greenflu-S®, Green Corp.) on her left deltoid area 10 days earlier. The first lesion appeared on the injection site three days after the vaccination, and the following lesions spread to the trunk and extremities after a few days. Histopathological examinations showed neutrophilic collections within the parakeratotic cornified layer, moderate acanthosis, diminished granular layer, elongation and edema of the dermal papillae, and dilated capillaries. The lesions were successfully treated with topical steroids and ultraviolet B phototherapy within three weeks, and there was no relapse for the following fourteen months. We assumed that pandemic vaccination was an important trigger for the onset of guttate psoriasis in this case.     

A Case of Pityriasis Rosea Concurrent with the Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Infection

Abstract: Pityriasis rosea is a common skin disease with a self‐limiting course. Multiple etiologies including viruses, bacteria, and fungi have been investigated in an attempt to confirm a casual association. Pityriasis rosea has not been associated with influenza virus, but has been associated with herpes simplex virus types 6 and 7. We encountered a case of a proven pandemic H1N1 infection associated with a clincopathological diagnosis of pityriasis rosea. We conclude that influenza A (H1N1) virus could either be a primary cause of pityriasis rosea or a trigger for reactivation of other viral causes.     

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome after H1N1-influenza vaccine

Papular acrodermatitis of childhood, or Gianotti-Crosti syndrome, is a symmetric papular or papulovesicular acral exanthem associated with several infectious agents and immunizations. We present a case of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome appearing shortly after H1N1-influenza vaccination. This has not been previously reported to our knowledge.     

The spectrum of histopathologic findings in cutaneous eruptions associated with influenza A (H1N1) infection

Influenza A (H1N1), like many other viral infections, has been associated with cutaneous eruptions. Differential diagnoses in a viral exanthem generally include spongiotic dermatitis, urticaria and drug reaction. The aim of this series was to retrospectively review three cases (five biopsies) involving patients with a clinical history of H1N1 and an accompanying rash, and to evaluate whether unique histopathologic and immunohistochemical features exist among these patients' cutaneous eruptions. Findings among all cases included a sparse superficial perivascular infiltrate, and interestingly, scattered interstitial and prominent intravascular neutrophils. Two cases demonstrated mild spongiosis and mild interface change. Immunohistochemistry in all cases revealed a CD4‐predominant lymphocytic infiltrate of the dermis with a sparse intraepidermal population of admixed CD4 and CD8 positive lymphocytes. Many changes found in the cutaneous eruption associated with H1N1 are similar to those of other viral eruptions, including a mild perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate, mild spongiosis and mild interface change; however, sparse dermal and intravascular neutrophils and intraepidermal lymphocytes appear to be the features unique to these cases of H1N1‐associated cutaneous eruptions. Such a distinction may prove diagnostically important in the clinical setting and useful in the surveillance of this historically pandemic virus.     

中国应对流感大流行的策略和措施

2009年4月25日,世界卫生组织（world health organization,WHO）宣布起源于墨西哥等地新甲型H1N1流感流行为国际公共卫生紧急事件后,疫情在全球迅速蔓延。在随后4d内,分别将流感大流行预警级别从3级提高到5级,截至5月18日,全球共有40个国家报告新甲型H1N1病毒确诊病例8829例,死亡74例。疫情发生后,我国政府迅速启动了以边境体温检测、筛查、密切接触者追踪和医学观察等为主的围堵措施,并于2009年5月11日,