蒙山九州虫草和冬虫夏草核磁共振图谱比较

冬虫夏草为我国传统的名贵药材，具有很好的强壮滋补的功效，由于其生长环境独特，加之被盲目挖采，资源已临近枯竭。我们在研究冬虫夏草代用品的过程中，于1996年在山东蒙山发现了一种寄主为豆天蛾幼虫(Clains bilineata Walker)的虫草，经中科院微生物研究所郭英兰先生鉴定为蒙山九州虫草。通过对蒙山九州虫草、冬虫夏草的醇提取物、水提取物核磁共振图谱的分析，发现二者有高度的相似性。另外，我们对该虫草与冬虫夏草还进行成分预实验、生物药效、体外抑瘤试验及抗氧化性能的研究，进一步验证了此结论的正确性。     

蝉花与有关虫草活性成分检测比较

目的:测定蝉花的虫草活性成分,并与冬虫夏草和蛹虫草作比较。方法:分别采用高效液相色谱法、3,5-二硝基水杨酸比色法和高碘酸钠比色法测定3种虫草样品的腺苷和虫草素、虫草多糖以及虫草酸含量。结果:经测定,蝉花中含虫草素0.02mg·g-1,腺苷1.90mg·g-1,虫草多糖94.88mg·g-1,虫草酸78.57mg·g-1,其中虫草酸和腺苷含量高于冬虫夏草,多糖和虫草酸含量高于蛹虫草。结论:蝉花中的虫草活性成分不亚于冬虫夏草和蛹虫草,属于优质虫草,值得进一步研究和推广。     

虫草及其发酵制品抗氧化能力研究

目的：考察天然冬虫夏草、蛹虫草及其发酵制品水和乙醇提取物体外抗氧化活性。方法：测定样品的6个抗氧化指标：抑制亚油酸氧化的能力；清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基、过氧化氢和超氧阴离子的活性以及螯合金属离子(Fe²⁺)的效果。结果：各样品具有不同程度的抗氧化能力,没有一种提取物在所有测试中均显示出很强的活性,但可以认为天然蛹虫草水提物的抗氧化能力为8个样品中最高,它在抑制亚油酸氧化,螯合金属离子以及清除DPPH自由基和羟自由基的实验中都显示了很高的活性。研究同时表明天然及发酵虫草水和醇提物中多酚类的含量差异很大。结论：虫草及其发酵制品可作为一种潜在的天然抗氧化剂,发酵培养能够影响虫草制品的抗氧化活性,而天然与发酵虫草的抗氧化能力与其含有的多酚类的量没有显著相联。     

蛹草拟青霉的研究进展

目的 为了进一步研究蛹草拟青霉菌丝体,扩大其开发利用价值,综述蛹虫草、蛹草拟青霉菌丝体活性成分及药理作用.方法 通过查阅近期国内外相关文献,并进行归类整理,总结蛹虫草的研究概况以及从蛹虫草中分离出的无性型蛹草拟青霉菌丝体的化学成分及药理作用.结果 蛹虫草在免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗病毒和抗感染等方面有很强的活性,可以作为冬虫夏草的替代品.结论 蛹草拟青霉与蛹虫草及冬虫夏草化学成分基本相似,但含有一些冬虫夏草不合有的成分,因此可能会导致其功效上与冬虫夏草有些许差异,具有很好的研究前景及价值.     

冬虫夏草与蛹虫草特性分析

通过对冬虫夏草和蛹虫草在形态、寄主、化学组成，药理作用及目前人类对二者的研究状况进行分析比较，证明冬虫夏草与蛹虫草的异同点，为人类正确认识冬虫夏草和蛹虫草提供依据。     

蛹虫草治疗癌症

蛹虫草治疗癌症蛹虫草，也称北虫草，与冬虫夏草同为虫草属，是一种具有较高医药价值的药用真菌，产于吉林、四川、福建等地。其有效成分虫草菌（３’一脱氧腺昔）含量为冬虫夏草的３～５倍，能激活巨噬细胞产生细胞毒直接杀伤癌细胞。苏州市吴中医学研究所杨企震等用蛹虫...     

冬虫夏草药理学作用的研究进展

冬虫夏草是中国的一种传统名贵中药,富含了虫草多糖、虫草素、虫草酸、虫草多肽、麦角甾醇等多种单体活性成分。现代医学发现其具有抗肿瘤、免疫调节、降血糖、抗氧化、对肾脏的保护作用等广泛的药理学功能。目前的研究已证实冬虫夏草及其单体活性成分可以有效的治疗多种疾病。本文在检索近几年来有关冬虫夏草及单体活性成分药理作用的相关研究资料的基础上,主要从冬虫夏草的单体活性成分的研究现状及冬虫夏草的药理学作用的研究进展两个方面对目前冬虫夏草及单体活性成分药理作用进行归纳和总结,为今后进一步开发和利用冬虫夏草提供帮助。     

蛹虫草菌丝与冬虫夏草中核苷类成分的含量测定

蛹虫草菌丝与冬虫夏草中核苷类成分的含量测定刘静明,刘岱,杨立新,钟裕容,崔淑莲(中国中医研究院中药研究所北京100700)蛹虫草CardycepsmiliLaris(L.)Link,为冬虫夏草同属真菌,近年来发现蛹草有重要的药用价值,越来越受到国内外的重视,国外报道从蛹虫草人工培养液中分离出虫草素,3′-氨基-3-去氧腺甙及肌氨酸氨基腺音。我们从蛹虫草菌丝中分离得6种成分:β-谷甾醇、麦角甾醇、D-甘露醇、腺嘌呤、腺苷和虫草素￣[1]。并对5批样品....     

冬虫夏草与蛹虫草之辨析

虫草是指包括冬虫夏草在内的广义的虫草属真菌的总称,已经发现的虫草有冬虫夏草、蝉花虫草、亚香棒虫草、凉山虫草、新疆虫草、蛹虫草等400多种.下面就两种容易混淆和误解的虫草——冬虫夏草、蛹虫草做一简单介绍和区分,供大家冬令进补时选用. 冬虫夏草是一种传统的中药材,特指以青藏高原为主产地的、完全野生的天然虫草,是与人参、鹿茸齐名的中国传统三大补品.     

冬虫夏草及其混淆品蛹虫草的比较

从资源、性状、化学成分、药理功效等方面，结合最新研究进展对冬虫夏草及其混淆品蛹虫草进行了详细的比较分析，为冬虫夏草和蛹虫草的进一步开发利用提供参考。     

Effects of Cordyceps sinensis, Cordyceps militaris and their isolated compounds on ion transport in Calu-3 human airway epithelial cells

AIM OF THE STUDY: The traditional Chinese medicine Cordyceps sinensis (CS) (Clavicipitaceae) improves pulmonary function and is used to treat respiratory disease. Here, we compare the efficacy and mechanisms of action of Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris (CM) (Clavicipitaceae) in Calu-3 human airway epithelial monolayer model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The extracts of Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris, as well as their isolated compounds, cordycepin and adenosine, stimulated ion transport in a dose-dependent manner in Calu-3 monolayers. In subsequent experiments, transport inhibitor bumetanide and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide were added after Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris extracts to determine their effects on Cl- and HCO3- movement. RESULTS: The results suggested that Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris extracts may affect the anion movement from the basolateral to apical compartments in the airway epithelia. CONCLUSIONS: Basolateral Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter and apical cAMP-dependent cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Cl- channel are involved in the process. The results provide the first evidence for the pharmacological mechanism of Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris on respiratory tract.     

Anti-inflammatory and related pharmacological activities of cultured mycelia and fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris

This study aimed to elucidate pharmacological activities of Cordyceps militaris. The 70% ethanolic extracts of cultured mycelia (CME) and fruiting bodies (FBE) of Cordyceps militaris were prepared. CME was able to directly scavenge the stable free radical diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), indicating its antioxidant activity. Both CME and FBE showed topical anti-inflammatory activity in the croton oil-induced ear edema in mice. CME was found to contain acute anti-inflammatory activity, which was evaluated using the carrageenin-induced edema, and also strong antinociceptive activity in writhing test. CME and FBE contain potent inhibitory activity on the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Cordycepin, a metabolite of Cordyceps militaris, appeared to be at least partly responsible for its anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities. CME concentration-dependently inhibited the NO production and iNOS expression upon stimulation by lipoposaccharide in RAW 264.7, a murine macrophage cell line. In brief, we demontrate that Cordyceps militaris possesses anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activites, and related antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, and NO production-inhibitory activities.     

Cordyceps sinensis extracts do not prevent Fas-receptor and hydrogen peroxide-induced T-cell apoptosis

Aqueous and alcohol extracts of Cordyceps sinensis (Berk) Succ. are used as a traditional medicine in China for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and are reported to have antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. We therefore examined the ability of aqueous, organic, and alcohol extracts of Cordyceps sinensis to inhibit apoptosis induced either by hydrogen peroxide or Fas-receptor ligation; both stimuli induce apoptosis dependent on reactive oxygen species. Cells pre-incubated with Cordyceps sinensis extracts were equally sensitive to hydrogen peroxide and Fas-mediated apoptosis. Thus, the putative antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties of Cordyceps sinensis are insufficient to rescue cells from apoptosis induced by these stimuli in vitro.     

Antioxidant activity of the extracts from fruiting bodies of cultured Cordyceps sinensis

Cordyceps sinensis is one of the most valued herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. We investigated the antioxidant activities of the cultured fruiting bodies of Cordyceps sinesis. The water and ethanol extracts of Cordyceps sinensis were found to possess a potent antioxidant activity. The scavenging effects of the extracts on superoxide were very weak, but the extracts moderately inhibited malondialdehyde formation via hydroxyl radical induced by SIN-1, a peroxynitrite generator. Of the extracts examined, the hot water extract (70 degrees C for 5 min) showed the greatest oxygen free radical scavenging activity. Also, when low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was incubated with macrophages in the presence of CuCl2 (1 microM), the hot water extract showed a strong inhibitory effect against lipid peroxidation in the medium and consequent accumulation of cholesteryl ester in macrophages. Their activities were comparable to that of authentic Cu/Zn SOD. These results suggest that the extracts of cultured Cordyceps sinensis possess potent antioxidant and anti-lipid peroxidation activities and inhibit accumulation of cholesteryl ester in macrophages via suppression of LDL oxidation.     

工业化培育北虫草生物活性成分含量变化的研究

目的:明确工业化培育北虫草的主要生物活性成分在不同生长时期含量变化的规律.方法:采用HPLC和苯酚硫酸法,分别对不同生长时期的工业化培育的北虫草的虫草素、腺苷和虫草多糖含量的变化进行了跟踪.结果:培养周期内虫草素含量随生长期增长而不断增高,而腺苷和虫草多糖含量均在第40d达到最高值.结论:本研究结果对工业化生产,合理有...     

人工蛹虫草中核苷类化学成分的研究

目的：研究人工蛹虫草Cordyceps militaris中核苷类化学成分。方法：建立人工蛹虫草中核苷类化合物的提取方法并用色谱水法分离各个核苷类化合物。结果：分离鉴定了4个化合物，分别是尿嘧啶核苷（1）、腺嘌呤核苷（2）、鸟嘌呤核苷（3）和酪氨酸（4）。结论：从核苷类物质分析来看，该人工蛹虫草菌丝体中核苷类物质含量丰富，主要为化合物1、2、3，三者总和约占菌丝体干重的1．3％。     

北虫草废弃培养料多糖提取条件优化研究

虫草人工栽培产生的大量废弃培养料,采用正交设计,确定从提取多糖的条件为提取温度80℃,提取2次,浸提时间120 min,料液比(w/v)1 20.本项实验结果可为北虫草的清洁生产及综合利用资源提供参考.     

北虫草对正己烷所致大鼠损伤的保护作用

采用正己烷急性吸入模型研究北虫草的药效和正己烷的损伤作用。结果表明：北虫草具有抗脂质过氧化作用;正己烷的急性吸入可引起或增强机体活性氧自由基的损伤反应,导致脂质过氧化损伤,这可能是正己烷对机体毒性作用的机制之一。     

冬虫夏草及其混淆品亚香棒虫草的鉴别

目的 :比较鉴别冬虫夏草与亚香棒虫草。方法 :对冬虫夏草、亚香棒虫草的外观性状、显微鉴别、紫外吸收、纸层析等进行了鉴别研究。结果 :冬虫夏草与亚香棒虫草的外观性状、显微鉴别、紫外吸收有明显差异 ,纸层析没有差异。结论 :亚香棒虫草不能混充冬虫夏草入药 ,应予以鉴别