单点与多点扫描模式激光治疗糖尿病视网膜病变疗效比较

目的：:分析比较单点与多点扫描模式全视网膜激光光凝术（PRP）对非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（NPDR）患者的疗效及对视网膜结构和功能的影响。方法：:回顾性系列病例研究。选择2019年1月至2020年7月在青岛市市立医院被确诊为重度NPDR后行PRP治疗且随访6个月以上的患者57例（93眼）。其中27例（46眼）行单点扫描...     

单点激光与多点扫描激光治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的研究进展

糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)作为最常见的视网膜血管疾病,严重影响患者的视功能和生活质量。对于DR的治疗,视网膜激光光凝是最安全、有效、经济的方法之一,但治疗的同时也存在一定的副作用。随着诊疗技术的不断发展,传统单点模式激光的并发症逐渐显露,目前多点扫描激光临床的需求量增大,但两者在治疗的有效性和安全性方面仍需进一步探讨。本文将从激光治疗后其对视力、眼底荧光素血管造影、视野、视功能、黄斑水肿和角膜神经等方面的影响作一综述。     

老年人非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的氩激光治疗

的　探讨老年人非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变氩激光光凝的临床特点、时效性和疗效。方法　老年人非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变 ,黄斑水肿组 32只眼 ,非黄斑水肿 2 7只眼。行氩离子兰绿激光光凝。结果　治疗 5 9只眼 (44例 ) ,随访 2 9.98± 11.75个月。激光光凝有效 5 4只眼 (91% ) ,视力进步 7只眼 ,视力不变 42只眼。 0 .2以上视力 42只眼 (71% )。随访期间 5只眼行老年性白内障手术 ,均恢复有用视力 ,眼底无黄斑水肿。结论　老年人非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变者血糖控制不良及全身性疾病等 ,发生黄斑水肿比例较高 ,应及时施行激光光凝治疗。同时 ,因对侧眼增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变或其它眼底病致低视力时 ,适当放宽激光光凝标准 ,对保护老年人糖尿病患者视力有益     

糖尿病视网膜病变激光治疗疗效及影响因素分析

目的:探讨激光光凝治疗对糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)的疗效及相关影响因素。方法:对2005-01/2008-12我院就诊的DR患者285例494眼进行视网膜激光光凝治疗。随访3~40(平均18)mo。结果:494眼中58眼(11.7%)视力提高,329眼(66.6%)视力不变,107眼(21.7%)视力下降。392眼视网膜病变得到有效控制,眼底检查及荧光血管造影显示视网膜水肿减退,渗出吸收,新生血管减少或消退,治疗有效率为79.4%。高危PDR患者激光光凝术后治疗有效率(32.2%)明显低于非增殖期DR患者(90.4%)及早期PDR患者(88.3%)(P<0.05)。1型糖尿病患者激光光凝术后治疗有效率(55.6%)明显低于1型糖尿病患者(80.2%)(P<0.05)。糖化血红蛋白水平高(≥8.0%)的患者激光光凝术后治疗有效率(65.5%)明显低于糖化血红蛋白水平低(<8.0%)的患者(91.0%)(P<0.05)。结论:激光光凝治疗是一个可以有效控制DR,阻止病情恶化,保护视功能的方法,其疗效受DR的分期、糖尿病分型及血糖控制水平等影响,关键是把握光凝时机,早期发现并及时治疗,同时积极控制血糖,重视定期随访。     

不同波长激光治疗重度非增生型糖尿病视网膜病变的疗效观察

目的 比较577 nm、532 nm激光全视网膜激光光凝(panretinal photocoagulation,PRP)治疗重度非增生型糖尿病视网膜病变(non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy,NPDR)的临床疗效.方法 前瞻性临床对照研究.纳入重度NPDR患者42例64眼,随机分为577 nm组和532 nm组,采用单点模式行PRP,术前及术后1d、1个月、3个月、6个月检查最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)、眼底、光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)、全视野闪光视网膜电图(flash electroretinogram,F-ERG),术后3个月、6个月行眼底荧光血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)检查.结果 577 nm组和532nm组光斑点数分别为(1969.25±278.19)点、(2098.16±289.27)点;激光功率分别为(425.23±50.15) mW、(438.15±38.48)mW;能量密度分别为(7.54±1.54)mW· ms-1 · μm-2、(7.68±3.01)mW·ms-1·μm-2,平均光斑数(=2.68)、平均激光功率(t=1.46)、平均能量密度(t=2.15)的组间差异均无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05).两组患者术后1个月、3个月、6个月,组间黄斑中心凹厚度(central macular thickness,CMT)差异均无统计学意义(t=1.98、1.88、1.81,均为P＞0.05);两组患者术后1个月、3个月、6个月F-ERG振幅(a波:f=5.94、5.19、6.97;b波:=5.67、4.56、5.12)组间差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05).术后6个月两组患者治疗有效率分别为87.5％、46.9％,差异有统计学意义(x2=7.56,P＜0.05).结论 577 nm激光比532nm激光治疗重度NPDR有效率更高,视功能损伤程度更小.     

改良超全视网膜光凝术治疗高危增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变

目的：观察应用改良的超全视网膜光凝术(extra panretinal photocoagulation,E-PRP)治疗高危增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(high risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy,hsPDR)的疗效及安全性。
　　方法：将我院2011-02/2014-12通过荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)确定为高危 PDR患者88例102眼纳入研究。采用倍频532激光对其中52眼行改良的 E-PRP 治疗,50眼行标准全视网膜光凝术(panretinal photocoagulation, PRP)治疗。激光治疗后每3mo 行 FFA 及彩色眼底照像,对新生血管未消退、大片无灌注区未消失的患者追加光凝,随访6~36mo。
　　结果：高危 PDR 经改良的 E-PRP 和 PRP 治疗后,两组患者视力比较差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。经改良的E-PRP 治疗后视网膜无灌注区消失、新生血管消退35眼(67%),有效率88%;有6眼因严重玻璃体积血、纤维增殖及牵拉性视网膜脱离需行玻璃体切除手术治疗,占12%。经 PRP 治疗后视网膜无灌注区消失、新生血管消退23眼(46%),有效率66%。有17眼出现视网膜前出血或玻璃体积血,需行玻璃体切除手术治疗,占34%。两组比较,新生血管消退率及有效率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
　　结论：改良的 E-PRP 是治疗高危 PDR 的安全、有效手段,其疗效优于传统 PRP。     

增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变激光治疗观察

目的：观察全视网膜光凝术(panretinal photocoagulation，PRP)对增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)的疗效、影响疗效的因素及激光量的选择。方法：对1998—2000年门诊随机治疗的符合多中心糖尿病视网膜病变激光治疗组(Diabetic Retinopathy Photocoagulation Study Group,DRPSG)制定的标准362例(551只眼)PDR患者PBP术后情况进行观察。并与对照组进行对照。结果：从两组结果可以看出治疗组比对照组用的光斑大，点数少，光斑反应重，范围广，疗效好。结论：根据视网膜病变的严重程度选择不同的PBP技术是治疗成功的关键之一。适宜波长的激光、光凝范围、光斑密度，光斑大小、光照时间、输出功率三个技术参数的合理应用，以最少的点数达到最佳的治疗效果。     

多波长氪激光治疗糖尿病视网膜病变

我科对218例糖尿病视网膜病变（diabetic retinopathy,DR）患者行多波长氪激光光凝治疗,现报告如下。     

增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的玻璃体手术和光凝治疗

目的评价玻璃体手术联合光凝治疗一组增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative diabeticretinopathy,PDR)的效果.方法对1997年2月至2000年5月之间经玻璃体手术和激光治疗的一组PDR连续的病例进行回顾性研究.结果共包括79例(男38,女41)、104只眼(右26,左28;双眼25例).发现糖尿病史0.5-37 a(8.5±6.5 a),发现眼病史15 d-8 a(1.5±1.5 a).30只眼有视网膜光凝史,但其中26只眼仅光凝一次.手术采用玻璃体切除、新生血管膜切除或切碎、眼内电凝及光凝;对有活动性出血、视网膜脱离或严重缺血的眼,术毕注入硅油(59只眼).手术中联合白内障摘除63只眼和人工晶状体植入27只眼.术前视力为光感、手动和指数的分别有15、38和22只眼,≥0.02的29只眼(27.8%).术后视力提高的有84只眼(80.8%),不变和下降的20只眼(19.2%).其中,术后视力≥0.1的41只眼(39.4%).术后2只眼发生新生血管性青光眼.结论本组多数PDR眼在手术前未得到有效的光凝治疗.经玻璃体手术和光凝,大多数患眼避免了失明或改善了视力.对视网膜脱离、严重缺血和手术中活动性出血的眼,注入硅油可在手术后及早补充视网膜光凝,以阻止病情恶化.眼科学报2001;17241～244.     

增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的玻璃体切除术的疗效观察

目的 评价玻璃体切除术对增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)的疗效.方法 对46例(52眼)行玻璃体切除术和全视网膜激光光凝治疗的PDR患者进行回顾性分析,随访6～36个月.结果 术后视力改善40眼(76.92%),其中Ⅳ～Ⅴ期36眼(83.7%),明显好于Ⅵ期4眼(44.4%);7眼(13.46%)视力不变;5眼(9.61%)视力下降.Ⅳ～Ⅴ期与Ⅵ期的患者相比,术后并发症相应较轻.结论 大多数PDR患者玻璃体切除术后视力有改善,早期手术效果更佳.有效的、足量的全视网膜激光光凝可以及时地控制病变发展.(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2007,7:94-95)     

PASCAL激光一次性全视网膜光凝治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变

目的：：探讨模式化激光扫描( pattern scan laser,PASCAL)激光一次性完成全视网膜光凝( pan-retinal photocoagulation, PRP)治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变( proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)的疗效及优势。方法：临床检查确诊的 PDR 患者28例42眼纳入研究。其中,视力≥0.1者36眼,<0.1者6眼;伴黄斑水肿者11眼。所有患眼均经PASCAL激光一次性完成 PRP 治疗。伴黄斑水肿者联合应用 PASCAL 单点模式和/或黄斑模式。随访时间1a,观察治疗前后视力、眼底、FFA、OCT、视野的变化情况。结果：选取的42眼患者治疗过程中均无明显疼痛不适。视力提高、稳定、下降者分别为6、28、8眼;视网膜新生血管消退18眼(43%);视网膜新生血管病灶稳定12眼(29%);视网膜新生血管病灶活动12眼(29%)。随访期间5眼(12%)因玻璃体积血行玻璃体切割手术治疗。治疗后黄斑中心凹厚度及视野平均光阈值敏感度与治疗前相比无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论：应用PASCAL多点模式一次性完成PRP治疗PDR安全、有效、便利。     

增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变行全视网膜光凝后5a随访观察

目的:观察增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变(proliferativediabetic retinopathy,PDR)行全视网膜光凝术(panretinalphotocoagulation,PRP)后5a的疗效及预后分析。方法:对92例149眼PDR患者行PRP治疗后的1,3,6,12mo进行复查,以后每6mo进行复查,并在3mo后均复查FFA,必要时补充光凝,随访5a。结果:视力提高52眼,保持不变71眼,下降26眼。5a后患者的最终矫正视力情况:≤0.01者19眼,～0.1者64眼,～0.5者58眼,>0.5者8眼。在激光后的随访期间血糖水平基本控制在正常范围内的63眼中,5a后只有6眼发生玻璃体积血、牵拉性视网膜脱离等严重并发症,占9.5%,而在血糖水平控制不满意的29眼中,有9眼(31%)发生上述情况。结论:通过早期发现、及时治疗和定期随访观察而减少糖尿病性盲是完全可能的。对于PDR患者,确诊后应立即进行PRP治疗,并制定定期随访计划,必要时应复查FFA或补充激光,同时,要向患者阐明,严格正规的内科治疗,将血糖控制在正常范围内,可有效地降低或延缓PDR发展的倾向。     

Panretinal photocoagulation versus panretinal photocoagulation plus intravitreal bevacizumab for high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy

AIM: To evaluate the effects of panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) compared with PRP plus intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) in patients with high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study criteria. METHODS: The data were collected retrospectively from the eyes of high-risk PDR patients, which were divided into two groups. After treated with standard PRP, the eyes were randomly assigned to receive only PRP (PRP group) or PRP plus intravitreal injection of 1.25 mg of bevacizumab (PRP-Plus group). Patients underwent complete ophthalmic evaluation, including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and new vessel size in fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography for the assessment of central subfield macular thickness (CSMT) at baseline and at weeks 12 (±2), 16 (±2), 24 (±2) and 48 (±2). Main outcome measures also included vitreous clear-up time and neovascularization on the disc (NVD) regression time. Adverse events associated with intravitreal injection were investigated. RESULTS: Thirty consecutive patients (n=36 eyes) completed the 48-week follow-up. There was no significant difference between the PRP and PRP-Plus groups with respect to age, gender, type or duration of diabetes, area of fluorescein leakage from active neovascularizations (NVs), BCVA or CSMT at baseline. The mean vitreous clear-up time was 12.1±3.4wk after PRP and 8.4±3.5wk after PRP combined with IVB. The mean time interval from treatment to complete NVD regression on FA examination was 15.2±3.5wk in PRP group and 12.5±3.1wk in PRP-Plus group. No significant difference in CSMT was observed between the groups throughout the study period. However, the total area of actively leaking NVs was significantly reduced in the PRP-Plus group compared with the PRP group (P<0.05). Patients received an average of 1.3 injections (range: 1-2). Ten eyes (27.8%) underwent 2 injections. Two eyes had ocular complication of PDR progression to dense vitreous hemorrhage (VH). No major adverse events were identified. CONCLUSION: The adjunctive use of IVB with PRP is associated with a greater reduction in the area of active leaking NVs than PRP alone in patients with high-risk PDR. Short-term results suggest combined IVB and PRP achieved rapid clearance of VH and regression of retinal NV in the treatment of high-risk PDR. Further studies are needed to determine the effect of repeated intravitreal bevacizumab injections and the proper number of bevacizumab injections as an adjuvant.     

贝伐单抗联合全视网膜光凝治疗增生型糖尿病视网膜病变的疗效观察

目的　检测贝伐单抗玻璃体内注射疗法（ｂｅｖａｃｉｚｕｍａｂｉｎｊｅｃｔｉｏｎｓｉｎｖｉｔｒｅｏｕｓ,ＩＶＢ）对增生型糖尿病视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａ-ｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＰＤＲ）中视网膜新生血管（ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｎｅｏｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎ,ＲＮＶ）的消退作用;评估ＩＶＢ联合全视网膜光凝（ｐａｎ-ｒｅｎｔｉｎａｌｐｈｏｔｏｃｏａｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎ,ＰＲＰ）对ＰＤＲ的临床疗效和安全性。方法　本研究收集行ＰＲＰ的ＰＤＲ患者７２例（７２眼）,根据术前是否ＩＶＢ分为注射组和对照组,注射组在完成ＩＶＢ１．２５ｍｇ后第７天行眼底荧光血管造影（ｆｕｎｄｕｓｆｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｉｎａｎｇｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＦＦＡ）检查,并于当天开始第一个象限的ＰＲＰ,每周１次,共４次完成ＰＲＰ;对照组每周１次,共４次完成ＰＲＰ。两组患者均于ＰＲＰ后４周、８周、１２周复诊,并复查最佳矫正视力（ｂｅｓｔｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｅｄｖｉｓｕａｌａｃｕｉｔｙ,ＢＣＶＡ）、眼压、ＦＦＡ、光学相干断层扫描、眼前节及眼底。结果　注射组ＩＶＢ后１周,ＢＣＶＡ提高,ＲＮＶ渗漏面积减少,与治疗前差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）;注射组各时间点ＢＣＶＡ、ＲＮＶ消退情况均显著优于对照组（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。注射组各时间点黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度均较治疗前显著下降（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,对照组各时间点黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度均较治疗前显著降低（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,两组之间各时间点比较,差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论　ＰＲＰ能延迟单纯ＩＶＢ后ＲＮＶ的复发;联合治疗可更有效地推动ＰＤＲ中ＲＮＶ消退,安全可靠,可以更好地保护患者的视觉功能。     

全视网膜激光光凝治疗高危增生型糖尿病视网膜病变的效果分析

目的　分析全视网膜激光光凝术（ｐａｎｒｅｔｉｎａｌｐｈｏｔｏｃｏａｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎ,ＰＲＰ）治疗高危增生型糖尿病视网膜病变（ｈｉｇｈ-ｒｉｓｋｐｒｏ-ｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＨＲ-ＰＤＲ）临床效果、预后及影响因素。方法　回顾性分析２００８年７月至２０１５年７月西安交通大学第二附属医院眼科ＰＲＰ治疗的糖尿病视网膜病变（ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＤＲ）患者８５例（１５０眼）的临床资料,依据我国糖尿病视网膜病变临床诊疗指南,根据眼底荧光血管造影（ｆｕｎｄｕｓｆｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｉｎａｎｇｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＦＦＡ）检查结果分为两组:严重ＤＲ组包括重度非增生型ＤＲ（重度ＮＰＤＲ）和增生早期ＤＲ（早期ＰＤＲ）组,共９０眼,ＨＲ-ＰＤＲ组包括ＨＲ-ＰＤＲ６０眼。观察两组患者ＰＲＰ治疗的效果、术后３个月的视力,分析ＨＲ-ＰＤＲ的危险因素。结果　严重ＤＲ组ＰＲＰ术后１３．３％（１２／９０）需要补充激光,１６．６％（１５／９０）患眼黄斑水肿加重,２眼发生玻璃出血,１眼发生新生血管性青光眼。ＨＲ-ＰＤＲ组ＰＲＰ术后５５．０％（３３／６０）需要补充激光,３０．０％（１８／６０）患眼黄斑水肿加重,５眼发生玻璃体出血,３眼发生新生血管性青光眼。ＰＲＰ术后３个月,严重ＤＲ组４０．０％（３６／９０）视力下降,而ＨＲ-ＰＤＲ组６５．０％（３９／６０）视力下降。ＨＲ-ＰＤＲ患者主要的危险因素包括:年龄小于５０岁、糖尿病病程长、高糖化血红蛋白、高血脂及颈动脉Ｂ超异常。结论　ＨＲ-ＰＤＲ的概念临床意义重大,其病变进展迅速,ＰＲＰ效果不佳,需要密切随访,及时追加激光或者联合其他治疗方案。     

Visual loss following panretinal photocoagulation for proliferative diabetic retinopathy

We reviewed the preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up examinations, fundus photographs, and fluorescein angiograms of 175 eyes of 134 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated with panretinal photocoagulation. Forty-four (25%) of these eyes lost two or more lines of vision by the time of the last follow-up examination. Follow-ups ranged from 3 to 48 months, with a median follow-up of 15 months. The most common cause of decreased visual acuity was chronic macular edema that had developed following laser treatment, occurring in 14 (8%) eyes. The causes of visual loss following panretinal photocoagulation are discussed.     

Pascal panretinal laser ablation and regression analysis in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: Manchester Pascal Study Report 4

Aims

To quantify the 20-ms Pattern Scan Laser (Pascal) panretinal laser photocoagulation (PRP) ablation dosage required for regression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and to explore factors related to long-term regression.

Methods

We retrospectively studied a cohort of patients who participated in a randomised clinical trial, the Manchester Pascal Study. In all, 36 eyes of 22 patients were investigated over a follow-up period of 18 months. Primary outcome measures included visual acuity (VA) and complete PDR regression. Secondary outcomes included laser burn dosimetry, calculation of retinal PRP ablation areas, and effect of patient-related factors on disease regression. A PDR subgroup analysis was undertaken to assess all factors related to PDR regression according to disease severity.

Results

There were no significant changes in logMAR VA for any group over time. In total, 10 eyes (28%) regressed after a single PRP. Following top-up PRP treatment, regression rates varied according to severity: 75% for mild PDR (n=6), 67% for moderate PDR (n=14), and 43% in severe PDR (n=3). To achieve complete disease regression, mild PDR required a mean of 2187 PRP burns and 264 mm² ablation area, moderate PDR required 3998 PRP burns and area 456 mm², and severe PDR needed 6924 PRP laser burns (836 mm²; P<0.05).

Conclusions

Multiple 20-ms PRP treatments applied over time does not adversely affect visual outcomes, with favourable PDR regression rates and minimal laser burn expansion over 18 months. The average laser dosimetry and retinal ablation areas to achieve complete regression increased significantly with worsening PDR.     

Intravitreal conbercept injection with panretinal photocoagulation for high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy with vitreous hemorrhage

AIM: To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of combining panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) with intravitreal conbercept (IVC) injections for patients with high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (HR-PDR) complicated by mild or moderate vitreous hemorrhage (VH), with or without diabetic macular edema (DME). METHODS: Patients diagnosed with VH with/without DME secondary to HR-PDR and received PRP combined with IVC injections were recruited in this retrospective study. Upon establishing the patient’s diagnosis, an initial IVC was performed, followed by prompt administration of PRP. In cases who significant bleeding persisted and impeded the laser operation, IVC was sustained before supplementing with PRP. Following the completion of PRP, patients were meticulously monitored for a minimum of six months. Laser therapy and IVC injections were judiciously adjusted based on fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) results. Therapeutic effect and the incidence of adverse events were observed. RESULTS: Out of 42 patients (74 eyes), 29 were male and 13 were female, with a mean age of 59.17±12.74y (33-84y). The diabetic history was between 1wk and 26y, and the interval between the onset of visual symptoms and diagnosis of HR-PDR was 1wk-1y. The affected eye received 2.59±1.87 (1-10) IVC injections and underwent 5.5±1.02 (4-8) sessions of PRP. Of these, 68 eyes received PRP following 1 IVC injection, 5 eyes after 2 IVC injections, and 1 eye after 3 IVC injections. Complete absorption of VH was observed in all 74 eyes 5-50wk after initial treatment, with resolution of DME in 51 eyes 3-48wk after initial treatment. A newly developed epiretinal membrane was noted in one eye. Visual acuity significantly improved in 25 eyes. No complications such as glaucoma, retinal detachment, or endophthalmitis were reported. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that the combination of PRP with IVC injections is an effective and safe modality for treating diabetic VH in patients with HR-PDR.     

Intravitreal triamcinolone as adjunctive treatment to laser panretinal photocoagulation for concomitant proliferative diabetic retinopathy and clinically significant macular oedema

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal injections of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) combined with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) on visual acuity (VA) and foveal thickness in patients with concomitant high‐risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and clinically significant macular oedema (CSMO). Methods: This retrospective interventional case series included seven eyes diagnosed with both high‐risk PDR and CSMO that underwent PRP and a single injection of 4 mg of IVTA. The main outcome measures were VA and foveal thickness, measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) before treatment and throughout the follow‐up period. Results: Median follow‐up was 301 days (range 180–715 days). Foveal thickness data were available for four of seven eyes. Before the combined treatment, median LogMAR (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) VA and median foveal thickness were 1 (Snellen 20/200, range 20/40–20/800) and 559 µm (range 333–689 µm), respectively. After treatment, median vision improved to LogMAR 0.544 (Snellen 20/70, range 20/40–20/1000) (P = 0.13). Vision improved or remained stable in six of seven eyes. Median foveal thickness at final follow‐up was 436 µm (range 259–623 µm) (P = 0.15). Foveal thickness decreased or remained stable in all eyes. Conclusion: The addition of IVTA to PRP in the treatment of eyes with high‐risk PDR and CSMO may prevent PRP‐induced foveal thickening and loss of vision.