镉接触工人体内血清性激素水平的变化

目的 探讨镉接触工人体内血清性激素水平的变化及其机制。方法 选取南方某冶炼厂镉接触工人及当地健康男性为调查对象,经空气采样测定各车间空气中镉的浓度,用原子吸收分光光度法测定尿镉,并经肌酐校正作为调查对象体内镉负荷的生物标记物;同时测定工人体内性激素水平,并进行镉接触的剂量－效应评定。结果 在控制年龄等混杂因素后,血清睾酮水平随镉接触水平的增高而呈升高趋势,其中尿镉为10．9－21．9μmol/mol肌酐及＞21．9μmol/mol肌酐组的睾酮水平分别为：13．00nmol／L和11．37nmol／L,与0．0－2．2μmol/mol肌酐组的9．31nmol／L比较,差异有显著性;电解车间及尿镉＞21．9μmol/mol肌酐组人的血清黄体生成素水平分别为4．11U／T和4．32U／L,显著同于对照组的2．52U／L和尿镉0．0－2．2μmol/mol肌酐组的2．64U／L。结论 镉接触能引起工人血清性激素水平的变化。     

男性铅作业工人生殖内分泌变化的研究

目的探讨铅对男性工人性激素水平的改变及其影响因素。方法选153名职业性接触铅男工为暴露组,同时选择年龄和经济条件相近,距离冶炼车间1.5km煤场中47名不接触铅男工为非铅暴露组,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定血铅,ELISA方法测定血清中睾酮(T)、黄体生成素(FSH)、卵泡刺激素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)和抑制素B水平。结果暴露组男工血铅水平为370.2μg/L,高于非暴露组221.2μg/L(P0.01);暴露组男工血清中T的平均水平为8.20μg/L,低于非暴露组9.65μg/L(P0.05);抑制素B平均水平为240.5pg/ml高于非暴露组211.1pg/ml(P0.05);黄体生成素(FSH)、卵泡刺激素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)水平两组间差异无显著性(P0.05)。通过Logistic回归分析,发现影响血清T水平异常变化的因素主要是年龄和铅暴露,而抑制素B水平的改变主要与铅暴露有关。结论职业性铅暴露能诱导男工血清中T和抑制素B水平的改变,提示接触铅可损伤内分泌和睾丸支持细胞功能。     

丙烯腈对雄性大鼠生殖内分泌系统影响的研究

目的探讨丙烯腈（ＡＮ）对雄性生殖内分泌系统的影响,为保护男工健康提供科学依据。方法应用ＲＩＡ测定大鼠血清和睾丸匀浆中Ｔ、ＬＨ、ＦＳＨ和Ｅ２水平,并对睾丸、附睾做光、电镜组织病理学检查。结果皮下注射染毒ＡＮ３８天各组大鼠各检测指标均未发现有意义的改变;染毒７７天２５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１组血清中Ｔ下降,ＬＨ升高,睾丸中Ｔ含量下降,ＬＨ、ＦＳＨ、Ｅ２均升高;光、电镜可见间质细胞及生精上皮受到不同程度的损害。结论丙烯腈可对雄性生殖内分泌系统产生损害作用,影响血清及睾丸匀浆中性激素水平,可能危害工人及子代健康,应引起高度重视。     

男性肝硬化患者血清性激素与垂体激素水平变化及意义

目的探讨男性肝硬化患者性激素与垂体激素的变化及其临床意义。方法对92例男性肝硬化患者进行血清睾丸酮（T）、雌二醇（E2）、泌乳素（PRL）、黄体生成素（LH）、卵泡刺激素（FSH）检测，并与正常对照组比较。结果肝硬化组T、E2浓度明显低于正常对照组，FSH、LH、PRL浓度明显高于正常对照组，与正常对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01），各级肝硬化组之间及与正常对照组的比较均有显著性差异。结论T、E2降低和FSH、LH、PRL升高可作为估计男性肝硬化患者肝功能损害程度和估计预后的重要指标。     

二苯甲撑二异氰酸酯对男工性激素水平的影响

目的 探讨二苯甲撑二异氰酸酯（MDI）对作业男工体内性激素水平的影响。方法 对某化工厂84名接触MDI的男工和96名对照男工血清睾酮（T）、卵泡刺激素（FSH）和黄体生成素（LH）水平进行检测和比较。结果 MDI作业男工血清T水平显著低于对照组（P＜0．01）;FSH及LH水平显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）;高浓度接触组男工血清T显著低于中浓度组和低浓度组（P＜0．01）;而LH及FSH却显著高于中浓度组和低浓度组（P＜0．01）;MDI作业男工性功能与对照组比显著减退（P＜0．01）;吸烟饮酒可导致血清T水平显著低于未吸烟饮酒组（P＜0．01）,而LH及FS未吸烟饮酒组无明显差异（P＞0．05）,且MDI与吸烟饮酒三者存在协同作用的关系。结论 MDI具有一定的生殖毒性。     

锰对雄性小鼠血清性激素水平的影响

目的 探讨锰暴露对雄性小鼠血清性激素分泌的影响。 方法 选用健康雄性昆明小鼠48只,随机分为对照组和低、中、高染锰组。各组小鼠分别腹腔注射生理盐水、12.5、25.0、50.0 mg/kg MnCl₂,注射容量5 ml/kg,每天染毒1次,持续14 d,最后一天染毒24 h后处死小鼠,测量体重、睾丸和附睾的重量,腹主动脉采血,离心后取血清用酶联免疫试剂盒检测促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotropin-releasing hormone,GnRH)、卵泡刺激素(folide-stimulating hormone,FSH)、黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)和睾酮(testosterone,T)的水平。HE染色观察下丘脑神经元细胞组织形态的改变。 结果 与对照组相比,各染锰组小鼠体重、睾丸和附睾脏器系数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而高锰组血清中GnRH、FSH和LH含量显著升高至68.22 ng/L、11.43 U/L、2 055.82 pg/ml(P<0.05),T水平明显降低至81.25 nmol/L(P<0.05)。HE染色发现对照组可见结构清楚,排列规整,核膜清晰,染锰组逐渐形态紊乱,胞体皱缩,细胞周围间隙增大。 结论 锰暴露可引起雄性小鼠血清性激素分泌异常以及下丘脑组织形态受损,GnRH、FSH、LH明显升高,睾酮降低。     

不同时间点锰暴露对大鼠睾丸激素的影响研究

目的 探讨不同时间点锰暴露对大鼠睾丸睾酮、雌二醇、促卵泡激素和促黄体生成素的影响。方法 选取健康成年雄性SD大鼠共96只,在本实验条件适应性喂养7 d后,根据预先设计的授时时间点（ZT2、ZT8、ZT14与ZT20）随机分为对照组与锰暴露组,每组12只。锰暴露组的剂量为30 mg/kg MnCl2,对照组为等容量的蒸馏水,采取腹腔注射的染毒方式,分别于各授时时间点进行染毒,每天1次,持续21 d。d22于相同的授时时间点处死动物,获取动物睾丸,检测其睾酮（T）、雌二醇（E2）、促卵泡激素（FSH）和促黄体生成素（LH）含量。结果 锰暴露可引起睾丸激素的改变,但在不同的授时时间点,其睾丸T、E2、FSH、LH含量的改变不相一致。ZT2暴露时间点,FSH和LH降低,而T升高;ZT8暴露时间点,FSH降低,而E2和T升高;ZT14暴露时间点,所有观察指标变化差异无统计学意义;ZT20暴露时间点,FSH和LH降低,而E2和T升高。结论 锰暴露所致的雄性生殖功能损伤具暴露时间差异性,在锰的生殖毒性评价时可能需考虑其暴露时间。     

少、弱精子症患者精浆、精子和血清中锌及性激素水平的相关分析

目的:检测弱精子症和少弱精子症患者精浆、精子、血清中锌含量和血清性激素水平,分析锌含量和血清性激素水平的变化与精子密度和精子运动能力的关系。方法:随机筛选190例弱精子症患者,85例少弱精子症患者以及32例精液质量正常的已生育男性作为研究对象,利用原子吸收光谱法检测其精浆、精子和血清锌含量,放射免疫分析法检测血清生殖激素(FSH、LH、T),并进行统计学分析。结果:3组间精浆锌和血清锌含量没有显著差异(P>0.05);少弱精子症患者精子锌含量显著高于弱精子症患者和正常生育男性(P<0.01);弱精子症患者T含量显著低于正常生育组而LH含量显著高于正常生育组(P<0.05);少弱精子症患者T含量显著低于正常生育组而FSH含量显著高于正常生育组(P<0.05),并且其LH含量与正常生育组间具有统计学意义(P<0.01);弱精子症、少弱精子症患者精浆锌与血清T之间无明显的相关性(P>0.05)。结论:少弱精子症患者过高的精子锌含量可能与精子运动能力下降和精子膜功能障碍相关。但其具体机制还有待进一步研究。血清生殖激素(FSH、LH、T)的测定对于弱精子症、少弱精子症病因的诊断和治疗具有一定的临床意义。     

男性电焊作业人员体液免疫和性激素水平的调查研究

目的 分析焊工作业中锰接触对作业人员血清免疫球蛋白和性激素的影响。
方法 2016年10月以某人防工程公司96名男性焊工为焊工组, 同时选择96名男性非焊工人员作为对照组, 以全自动生化仪检测两组人员的血清免疫球蛋白IgA、IgM、IgG水平, 以石墨炉原子吸收法检测两组人员的尿锰水平; 以化学发光免疫分析法检测促黄体生成激素(LH)、促卵泡生成激素(FSH)、睾酮(T)、黄体酮(P)、雌二醇(E2)和泌乳素(PRL), 并对结果进行分析。
结果 焊工组尿锰水平为(1.59 ±0.67)μg/L, 高于对照组的(0.45 ±0.08)μg/L, 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。焊工组的血清IgG、T和P水平低于对照组, FSH水平高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05或0.01)。焊工组的IgA与T水平呈负相关(r=-0.271, P < 0.05), IgM和E2、尿锰, 尿锰和FSH、PRL均呈正相关(r=0.209、0.220、0.487、0.250, P < 0.01)。
结论 电焊作业增加了锰接触的机会, 可能会降低作业人员的免疫能力并影响其内分泌系统。
     

达英-35对非肥胖型PCOS患者内分泌代谢的影响

目的:探讨达英-35对非肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者胰岛素敏感性的影响。方法:2006～2007年在本院妇科内分泌门诊就诊的非肥胖型PCOS患者(BMI<25),予达英-35连续治疗6个周期。于治疗前记录体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、多毛评分(F-G评分)和痤疮评分,于早卵泡期测定血清总睾酮(T)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、LH/FSH比值、空腹胰岛素FINS、HOMA-IR。分别于治疗3个月后、6个月后观察这些指标的变化。结果:共41例非肥胖PCOS患者完成了本研究,平均年龄(22.7±3.6)(18～31)岁,平均BMI(21.14±0.65)(18.59～24.20)。治疗期间患者BMI和WHR无显著性变化,F-G评分、痤疮评分、血清T、LH水平和LF/FSH比值均显著降低(P<0.001)。治疗6个月后FINS和HOMA-IR没有明显改变(P>0.05)。结论:非肥胖型PCOS患者短期应用达英-35可明显改善高雄激素血症,而不影响胰岛素敏感性。     

In utero and childhood DDT,DDE, PBDE and PCBs exposure and sex hormones in adolescent boys: The CHAMACOS study

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are believed to be endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in humans and animals. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of in utero and childhood exposure to these purported EDCs and reproductive hormones in adolescent boys who participated in CHAMACOS, an ongoing birth cohort in California's Salinas Valley. We measured o,p′- and p,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDE, PBDEs and PCBs in serum collected from mothers during pregnancy or at delivery and from their sons at 9 years. We measured concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and total testosterone (T) from 234 of their sons at 12 years. In adjusted models, we found that a 10-fold increase in maternal prenatal serum concentrations of BDE-153 was associated with a 22.2% increase (95% CI: 1.0, 47.9) in FSH, a 96.6% increase (95% CI: 35.7, 184.7) in LH, and a 92.4% increase (95% CI: 20.9, 206.2) increase in T. Similarly, BDE-100 concentrations were associated with increases in boys’ LH levels. A 10-fold increase in total prenatal ΣPCBs was associated with a 64.5% increase (95% CI: 8.6, 149.0) in FSH, primarily driven by non- dioxin-like congeners. Boys' hormone levels were only marginally associated with prenatal DDT or DDE in primary models, but when boys' Tanner stage at age 12 was added to models, prenatal maternal DDT levels were associated with decreases in LH (adjusted percent change per 10-fold increase = ?18.5%, 95% CI: ?29.8, ?5.4) and T (percent change = ?18.2%, 95% CI: ?30.2, ?4.2) and DDE with LH (percent change = ?18.3%, 95% CI: ?32.9, ?0.6). Exposures measured in the children's serum at 9 years also showed associations between BDE-153 and ΣPCBs. However, there is evidence that these associations appear to be mediated by child BMI. This study suggests associations on male hormones of 12 year old boys related to exposure to certain EDC exposure prenatally. The implications on future reproductive function in puberty and adulthood should be determined.     

Neuroendocrine effects of styrene on occupationally exposed workers

The serum levels of prolactin (PRL), human growth hormone (HGH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and the gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured in 30 females exposed to about 130 (range 65-300) ppm of styrene in the air and in 30 age-matched referents to show whether styrene exposure influences the dopaminergic tuberoinfundibular system (TIDA). The exposed subjects' serum levels of PRL were more than double the reference values and were significantly related to the urinary excretion of styrene metabolites, ie, to the sum of mandelic acid (MA) and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA) in the "next-morning" urine spot sample. Such a relationship still proved to be statistically significant after the removal of the effects of age and duration of exposure with the method of partial correlation. The serum concentrations of HGH in the exposed workers were also higher than in the reference group. Though within the reference levels, the TSH values of the exposed subjects were significantly related to the urinary excretion of MA and PGA. These results are consistent with the dose-dependent depletion in tuberoinfundibular dopamine after experimental styrene exposure of rabbits.     

630例无精子症患者染色体畸变及性激素水平

目的:探讨无精子症患者遗传学因素与性激素变化的关系。方法:采用回顾性方法对630例无精子症患者进行染色体核型分析,并采用化学发光法测定各组血清中卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、睾酮(T)和催乳素(PRL)水平。结果:630例无精子症患者中共检出染色体畸变110例,占17.46%,其中性染色体94例,占异常总数的85.45%,常染色体异常16例,占异常总数的14.55%,性染色体数目异常中Klinefelter综合征76例,占异常总数的69.09%;性激素检测中,无论核型正常与否,FSH、LH显著升高,T值降低,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),核型异常组FSH、LH升高更为明显。结论:无精子症与遗传因素及性激素改变密切相关,对无精子症患者进行遗传学检查、性激素检查是十分必要的。     

丙烯腈对男工性激素水平影响的研究

目的 探讨丙烯腈（AN）对作业男工性激素水平的影响。方法 选择71名长期接触AN的男工为接触组,选与其生活环境、经济条件、年龄相近的不接触任何毒物的男工50人为对照组,测定其血清中T、LH、FSH和E2水平。结果 接触组血清中T水平明显下降而E2明显升高,与对照组比较差异均有细胞受损,因而使男工血中T下降、E2升高,其确切机制尚需深入研究。     

氯乙烯对雄性大鼠生殖内分泌激素的影响

目的 探讨氯乙烯对雄性大鼠生殖内分泌激素的影响.方法 雄性SD大鼠60只,随机分为对照组和10、100和1000mg/kg氯乙烯染毒组,每组15只,腹腔注射染毒14和28d.测定大鼠血清中睾酮(T)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇(E2)、抑制素B(InhB)和睾丸中E2、T、InhB的水平,并观察睾丸支持细胞和间质细胞超微结构的改变.结果 与对照组比较,染毒14 d各染毒组大鼠血清中T和E2水平降低,InhB和LH水平升高,仅100 mg/kg染毒组LH水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).染毒28 d,100、1000 mg/kg染毒组大鼠血清中T分别为(10.90±1.56)和(8.52±2.85)ng/ml,InhB水平分别为(31.40±6.21)和(28.39±5.67)pg/ml,均明显低于对照组[T为(15.89±4.03)ng/ml,lnhB为(46.87±8.74)pg/ml],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);各染毒组大鼠血清中FSH水平均明显高于对照组.差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).与染毒14d比较,染毒28d各染毒组大鼠血清中InhB和LH水平均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).染毒28 d时100、1000mg/kg染毒组大鼠睾丸组织中T和InhB水平分别为(8.05±2.19)、(6.75±1.94)ng/mg pro和(39.32±5.55)、(35.53±8.71)pg/mg pro,与对照组[T为(11.90±2.33)ng/mg pro、InhB为(49.45±7.01)pg/mg pro]比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).超微结构观察可见,染毒组的睾丸间质细胞和支持细胞出现了细胞核畸形、线粒体肿胀等改变.结论 氯乙烯对雄性大鼠生殖内分泌系统有损害作用,可引起生殖内分泌激素水平改变和睾丸间质细胞、支持细胞超微结构变化.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清瘦素水平及相关因素分析

目的:探讨PCOS患者血清瘦素水平变化及与内分泌、代谢指标之间的关系。方法:PCOS患者62例,根据体重指数(BMI)分为肥胖PCOS组30例(BMI≥24kg/m2)和非肥胖PCOS组32例(BMI<24kg/m2)。同时选择年龄和体重相匹配的62例月经规律的正常妇女做为对照组,根据BMI分为肥胖对照组30例和非肥胖对照组32例。分别检测空腹血糖、胰岛素、瘦素、性激素及促性腺激素浓度,利用HOMA(homeostasis model assessment,HOMA)模型计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR);同时测定患者BMI和腰臀比例(WHR)。结果:肥胖PCOS组血瘦素水平明显高于非肥胖PCOS组和对照组(P<0.01、P<0.01);非肥胖PCOS组血瘦素水平明显高于非肥胖对照组(P<0.01),而与肥胖对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示PCOS患者血瘦素水平与BMI和HOMA-IR均呈高度正相关(P<0.01、P<0.01),与血LH/FSH比值和雄激素水平无相关性(P>0.05)。结论:PCOS患者血清瘦素水平与BMI和血胰岛素水平密切相关;PCOS患者可能同时存在瘦素抵抗和胰岛素抵抗。     

空蝶鞍综合征女性患者激素水平研究

目的 探讨空蝶鞍综合征(ESS)女性患者血清激素水平,并与健康志愿者血清激素水平进行对比分析.方法 选取2007年2月至2011年4月于广东省深圳市龙岗中心医院由常规颅脑磁共振成像(MRI)确诊的30例女性ESS患者为研究对象,纳入ESS组(n=30);选取同期在该院体检的30例女性健康志愿者纳入对照组(n=30).检测两组卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成激素(LH)、泌乳素(PRL)、孕酮(P)、睾酮(T)及雌二醇(E2)水平,并进行对比分析(本研究遵循程序符合本院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,分组征得受试对象本人的知情同意,并与其签署临床研究知情同意书).两组患者年龄、性别等比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结果 血清激素水平测定结果显示,ESS组除血清PRL水平与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)外,其余5种激素测量结果两组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 ESS女性患者垂体功能低下,高催乳素血症(血清PRL水平增高).     

1~4岁孤独症患儿血清性激素水平变化的病例对照研究

目的 比较1～4岁孤独症儿童与正常儿童血清中性激素水平变化的差异,分析其临床意义。方法 按照《精神疾病诊断与统计手册-第五版(DSM-Ⅴ)》,选取确诊的1～4岁孤独症儿童35 例作为研究组,另外选择40 例健康儿童作为对照组。采用化学发光免疫分析法测定两组儿童血清中孕酮(Progesterone,P)、雌二醇(Estradiol,E2)、睾酮(Testosterone,T)、促黄体生成素(Luteotropic hormone,LH)和卵泡刺激素(Follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)水平并进行统计学分析。结果 研究组孤独症患儿与对照组正常儿童血清性激素T 水平分别为(0.16±0.06)ng/mL,(0.08±0.02)ng/mL;P 水平分别为(0.10±0.03)ng/mL,(0.14±0.04)ng/mL,两组之间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);E2、LH、FSH 等性激素水平等在两组之间差异的比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 孤独症患儿血清P、E2、T、LH、FSH等性激素水平无性别差异。1～4岁孤独症患儿的血清性激素T水平较高,P水平较低,具有一定的临床意义。     

Effects of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone on sexual arousal in normal men

Six normal adult male subjects were administered either luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH, 500 µg, intramuscularly injected) or a saline placebo 10 min before a 40-min laboratory session in which they were exposed to erotic stimuli; subjects attended four such sessions, twice receiving LRH and twice the placebo in a balanced, double-blind, crossover design. Sexual arousal was inferred from degree of tumescence, with penile circumference measured by a mercury-in-rubber strain gauge. Heart rate was monitored continuously, and blood samples were taken periodically and assayed for serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone (T). Rapidity of onset of erection, maximum degree of erection obtained, and overall levels of tumescence were consistently greater following LRH administration than following saline placebo; however, the differences were not statistically significant. The anticipated LH and FSH response to LRH was noted as well as a small increment in LH levels following erotic stimulation. No significant alteration in serum testosterone was observed within the time sampled. There were no significant correlations between hormonal data and any measurement of penile tumescence. In view of the results, further investigation of the behavioral effects of LRH appears justified.     

Effects of occupational solvent exposure on reproductive hormone concentrations and fecundability in men

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the effects of organic solvents on male reproductive health. To assess fertility and reproductive endocrine function in solvent-exposed men, we investigated time-to-pregnancy using a retrospective cohort design and cross-sectionally measured reproductive hormone concentrations in painters and millwrights compared to a reference group of carpenters. METHODS: Detailed occupational, exposure, medical, and time-to-pregnancy histories were obtained by telephone interview. Plasma luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone concentrations were determined by immunoassay. Exposure indices, which summarized working life exposure to total solvents, chlorinated solvents, aromatic solvents, and thinners, degreasers, varnishes, and adhesives as a category were calculated from exposure histories. RESULTS: FSH concentrations increased significantly with increasing exposure indices for all solvents and for chlorinated solvents. There were no significant associations of solvent exposure indices with LH or testosterone levels. LH, FSH, and testosterone concentrations also did not differ by job title. Using Cox regression, time-to-pregnancy was non-significantly longer in the painters and millwrights than the carpenters. There was no significant association between time-to-pregnancy and any of the solvent exposure indices; however, it should be noted that some of the pregnancies occurred more than 20 years previously, potentially reducing the reliability of the retrospectively collected pregnancy and exposure data. CONCLUSIONS: The significant associations between FSH levels and solvent exposure indices suggest the potential for adverse effects of solvent exposures on reproductive function in men.