反应性浆细胞增多症患者骨髓浆细胞百分比改变

目的分析反应性浆细胞增多症(RP)患者骨髓各阶段浆细胞的分布情况,为反应性浆细胞增多症临床诊断提供依据。方法每例骨髓片经瑞氏染色后计数200个骨髓有核细胞。骨髓各阶段浆细胞百分比总和≥4.0%时,诊断为RP。结果 46例患者诊断为RP。原浆细胞、幼浆细胞、浆细胞百分比中位数分别为0.50%,4.50%,1.50%;其最大值分别为4.0%,19.0%,4.0%;浆细胞百分比总和最大值26.0%。结论 46例RP患者骨髓中浆细胞百分比并不高,幼浆细胞较多见,原浆细胞也并非罕见。     

Assessment of bone marrow plasma cell infiltrates in multiple myeloma: the added value of CD138 immunohistochemistry

Assessment of bone marrow involvement by malignant plasma cells is an important element in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with multiple myeloma and other plasma cell dyscrasias. Microscope-based differential counts of bone marrow aspirates are used as the primary method to evaluate bone marrow plasma cell percentages. However, multiple myeloma is often a focal process, a fact that impacts the accuracy and reliability of the results of bone marrow plasma cell percentages obtained by differential counts of bone marrow aspirate smears. Moreover, the interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility of counting bone marrow plasma cells microscopically has not been adequately tested. CD138 allows excellent assessment of plasma cell numbers and distribution in bone marrow biopsies. We compared estimates of plasma cell percentages in bone marrow aspirates and in hematoxylin-eosin- and CD138-stained bone marrow biopsy sections (CD138 sections) in 79 bone marrows from patients with multiple myeloma. There was a notable discrepancy in bone marrow plasma cell percentages using the different methods of observation. In particular, there was a relatively poor concordance of plasma cell percentage estimation between aspirate smears and CD138 sections. Estimates of plasma cell percentage using CD138 sections demonstrated the highest interobserver concordance. This observation was supported by computer-assisted image analysis. In addition, CD138 expression highlighted patterns of plasma cell infiltration indicative of neoplasia even in the absence of plasmacytosis. We conclude that examination of CD138 sections should be considered for routine use in the estimation of plasma cell load in the bone marrow.     

An approach to the assessment of lymphoid infiltrates in the bone marrow trephine biopsy

Lymphoid infiltrates, benign and malignant, are encountered routinely in bone marrow trephine biopsies and require a systematic approach to reach a final diagnosis. Like any other histopathological finding, evaluation of lymphoid infiltrates requires interpretation in light of the clinical context to direct investigations appropriately and ensure a timely and accurate diagnosis. Work-up should be undertaken within a specialist integrated haematological malignancy diagnostic service (SIHMDS) to ensure appropriate investigations are available and used where required. Malignant lymphoid infiltrates may be overt and easily identified on routine stains and confirmed using an appropriate immunohistochemical panel or they may be subtle requiring further work up and correlation with other diagnostic modalities, as will be highlighted using illustrative cases. Clinical context remains paramount.     

Age-related change of distribution of immunoglobulin containing cells in human bone marrow

Summary The number and mode of distribution of immunoglobulin containing cells in human bone marrow were investigated immunohistochemically using paraffin sections of bone marrow aspirates. In individuals without specific diseases, the number of immunoglobulin containing cells per unit field in bone marrow increased with advancing age until the 3rd decade and leveled off thereafter. The magnitude of the increase was great for Ig-G and Ig-A, but very slight for Ig-M. Such age-related change in the number of Ig-G and Ig-M containing cells in bone marrow was almost comparable to the age-related change of serum level of Ig-G and Ig-M. However, the magnitude of age-related increase of Ig-A containing cells in bone marrow was apparently higher than that of the serum level of Ig-A. Cluster formation of immunoglobulin containing cells increased with age in terms of both incidence and size. Three points were suggested for differentiation of benign monoclonal gammopathy (BMG) from multiple myeloma (MM). First, the ratio of serum level of M-component divided by the average number of immunoglobulin containing cells per unit field was higher in BMG than in MM; second, the number of cells per cluster of immunoglobulin containing cells was more than 50 in MM, but that in BMG less than 20; third, the small immunoglobulin containing cells with narrow cytoplasm were more prominent in MM than in BMG.     

Reticulin fibre content of bone marrow infiltrates of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-cell type,low malignancy) — a morphometric evaluation before and after therapy

Summary A morphometric study was performed on bone marrow infiltrates of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-cell type, low malignancy) to evaluate the content of argyrophilic (reticulin) fibres in the various subtypes before and after therapy. In congruence with the corresponding lymph node lesions, subtypes consisted of lymphocytic lymphoma — chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL,n = 39), centroblastic-centrocytic lymphoma (CB-CC,n = 35), lymphoplasmacytoid immunocytoma (LPI,n = 22) and finally hairy cell leukaemia (HCL,n = 21). In comparison with control specimens, morphometric measurements on trephine biopsies (initial staging procedure) disclosed a borderline or minimal increase in reticulin in CLL and moderate fibrosis in CB-CC and LPI, whereas HCL had the greatest increase in fibres. The marrow surrounding focal or patchy lymphoma infiltrates of CLL and CB-CC displayed no relevant changes in fibre density with respect to the control samples. Following chemotherapy, repeated trephine biopsies (restaging procedure) were obtainable from 38 patients. There was no significant decrease in the fibre content of CLL, CB-CC and LPI infiltrates. In HCL an incomplete reduction was recorded after interferon treatment. So-called benign lymphoid lesions may be distinguished from focal-patchy infiltrates of CB-CC and LPI not only by showing a central localization, but also by the absence of significant amounts of reticulin. However, considering the density of the reticulin fibres, a clear-cut discrimination of these lymphoid aggregates from an early nodal-central growth pattern of CLL is not feasible in many cases.     

Clinicopathologic analysis of the impact of CD23 expression in plasma cell myeloma with t(11;14)(q13;q32)

A recent study has shown that 10% of plasma cell myelomas (PCMs) express CD23 and that expression is associated with abnormalities of chromosome 11, mainly t(11;14)(q13;q32); however, only 40% of t(11;14)(+) PCMs express CD23. Because these results were generated in a limited patient cohort and because the clinical relevance of CD23 expression in PCMs with t(11;14)(q13;q32) has not been fully characterized, we addressed this question in a large series of patients with t(11;14)(+) PCM. Forty-two bone marrow biopsies from patients with t(11;14)(+) PCM were evaluated for CD23 expression by immunohistochemistry. CD23 expression was correlated with laboratory and clinical data and outcome after autologous stem cell transplantation, including event-free survival and overall survival (OS). Plasma cell myelomas with t(11;14)(q13;q32) were frequently CD20(+) (46.4%) and CD56(−) (53.8%) and had a nonhyperdiploid karyotype (97.6%) with frequent 13q deletion (33.3%). Of 42 cases, 19 (45.2%) expressed CD23. CD23(+) PCMs were more likely to present with platelet counts less than 150 × 10³/μL (100% vs 50%, P = .006). There were no significant differences in other laboratory or presenting clinical data. The median event-free survival in patients treated with autologous stem cell transplantation (n = 29) was similar regardless of CD23 status, whereas the median OS (all patients) was longer in CD23(−) than in CD23(+) PCMs: not reached vs 3365 days (P = .08). Our findings suggest that patients with t(11;14)(+)/CD23(+) PCM present with lower platelet counts and may have a shorter OS than those with t(11;14)(+)/CD23(−) PCM.     

Transinteractome analysis reveals distinct niche requirements for isotype-based plasma cell subsets in the bone marrow

Bone marrow (BM) long-lived plasma cells (PCs) are essential for long-term protection against infection, and their persistence within this organ relies on interactions with Cxcl12-expressing stromal cells that are still not clearly identified. Here, using single cell RNAseq and in silico transinteractome analyses, we identified Leptin receptor positive (LepR⁺) mesenchymal cells as the stromal cell subset most likely to interact with PCs within the BM. Moreover, we demonstrated that depending on the isotype they express, PCs may use different sets of integrins and adhesion molecules to interact with these stromal cells. Altogether, our results constitute an unprecedented characterization of PC subset stromal niches and open new avenues for the specific targeting of BM PCs based on their isotype.     

Metastatic merkel cell carcinoma in the bone marrow of a patient with plasma cell myeloma and therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome

Merkel cell carcinoma is an aggressive neoplasm of the skin that shows frequent lymph node metastases, but has only rarely been reported in the bone marrow. Herein we report a case of a 64-year-old male with a history of plasma cell myeloma and recent skin diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma who presented for a routine follow-up bone marrow to assess his myeloma. The biopsy showed persistent plasma cell myeloma, trilineage dysplasia, and clusters of neuroendocrine cells consistent with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. Discussion of this case, a review of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma, and identification of clinical settings in which staging bone marrow biopsy may be warranted are presented.     

Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region counts in multiple myeloma: A histopathological study on bone marrow trephine biopsies

Summary Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (Ag-NOR) analysis was performed on bone marrow biopsies from 90 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) at presentation. The pattern of AgNOR expression and its relationship to histological features were evaluated. The mean AgNOR number per plasma cell was directly correlated with the degree of MM differentiation (3.18 for G1, 4.36 for G2, 6.13 for G3;P<0.0001), with the per-centage of bone marrow plasma cells (BMPC%) (3.06 for BMPC%20, 4.28 for BMPC% 21–50, 5.14 for BMPC%>50;P<0.0001), with the pattern of medullary involvement (3.63 for interstitial, 4.44 for nodular, 5.17 for diffuse involvement;P<0.001) and with medullary fibrosis (5.23 for cases with fibrosis, 4.29 for cases without fibrosis;P<0.05). The plasma cells of G1 MM showed 2–3 large AgNORs, tightly grouped in a central nuclear cluster; those of G2 MM showed a central nuclear cluster composed of 4–5 medium-size dots and/or two clusters of 2–3 dots; the G3 MM plasma cells showed many small dots scattered in the nucleolus or dispersed in the nucleus. Our results indicate the diagnostic value of AgNOR analysis in MM and suggest the use of this method for identifying clones of atypical plasma cells with different proliferative activity in bone marrow biopsies. It allows simultaneous evaluation of the morphology and kinetics of MM cells in routinely fixed, decalcified, paraffin-embedded material.     

Neural cell adhesion molecule expression in plasma cells in bone marrow biopsies and aspirates allows discrimination between multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance and polyclonal plasmacytosis

AIMS: Differential diagnosis between multiple myeloma (MM), monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS), and polyclonal plasmacytosis may be difficult in cases with not much bone marrow infiltration. Normal plasma cells express the antigens CD138, CD38, CD19, CD10 and D-related human leucocyte antigen (HLA-DR). Myelomatous plasma cells lack B lymphoid-associated markers and may express cell surface antigens associated with other haematopoietic lineages such as NCAM/CD56 (neural cell adhesion molecule). Recently, a monoclonal antibody, anti-CD56, has become available that can be used in fixed tissues embedded in paraffin, and it has been reported that osteoblastic cells of trabecular bone strongly express NCAM/CD56. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analysed NCAM molecule expression in 35 samples from patients with plasma cell disorders: 14 cases of MM, 16 cases of MGUS, and five cases of polyclonal plasmacytosis using immunohistochemistry in parallel in bone marrow core biopsies processed routinely and in bone marrow smears from the same patients. Of the MM samples 78% were CD56+ in smears and 92% positive in biopsies. We did not find strong CD56 expression in MGUS samples. One of five samples of polyclonal plasmacytosis was CD56+. A case was considered to be positive for CD56 expression if >50% of the CD138+ plasma cells expressed NCAM with an intensity on a par with that of the osteoblasts. CONCLUSION: We conclude that CD56 antibody is a very useful marker in the study of plasma cell proliferation in bone marrow biopsies and in bone marrow aspirates and is a great help in discriminating between MM, MGUS, and polyclonal plasmacytosis, especially in those cases with low infiltration.     

Plasma cell numbers decrease in bone marrow of old patients

The BM is well understood to play a key role in plasma cell homing and survival in mice. In humans, BM plasma cells and their functions are less well characterized. In this study, we used paired bone biopsies from the femur shaft and blood samples from persons of different ages to analyze age‐related changes of plasma and memory B cells. Our results demonstrated that plasma cells were mainly located in the BM, while a higher percentage of memory B cells was in the peripheral blood than in the BM. The frequency of plasma and memory B cells from both sources decreased with age, while immature and naïve B cells were unaffected. An age‐related decline of tetanus‐ and diphtheria‐specific BM plasma cells was observed, whereas influenza A‐ and cytomegalovirus‐specific BM plasma cells were not affected. With the exception of cytomegalovirus, peripheral antibody concentrations correlated with BM plasma cells of the same specificity, but were independent of antigen‐specific peripheral blood memory B cells. Our results demonstrate that the BM houses decreased numbers of plasma cells in old age. The number of cells of certain specificity may reflect the number and time point of previous antigen encounters and intrinsic age‐related changes in the BM.     

骨髓间充质干细胞的组织亲和性与脑片移植

目的 检测骨髓间充质干细胞的组织亲和性、时间亲和性以及移植治疗神经元退行性疾病的可行性。 方法 应用组织细胞共培养和免疫细胞化学的方法观察骨髓间充质干细胞在不同组织的微环境下的黏附和向神经细胞的分化情况。 结果 与肝片、肺片相比,骨髓间充质干细胞在海马脑片上的黏附力最强;骨髓间充质干细胞在生后7d（P7）小鼠脑片上的黏附力最强,并随着年龄的增长呈逐渐递减的趋势;骨髓间充质干细胞在正常野生型小鼠和阿尔茨海默病小鼠脑片上都能向神经细胞分化,并且两者无显著差异。 结论 骨髓间充质干细胞更适宜用于脑部疾病的治疗,并且年龄越小移植效果越好。     

Bone marrow plasmacytosis in idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia: a report of four cases

We report on bone marrow plasmacytosis in four cases of idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy with polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia (IPL). Pathologically, the plasma cells increased in number and accounted for 20-40% of nucleated cells of bone marrow. These plasma cells diffusely infiltrated or formed numerous clusters with 50-200 cells on histological sections. Some binuclear plasma cells and Russell bodies were seen, but all plasma cells showed mature cytomorphology. One case contained two lymphoid follicles with normal germinal centers. Immunoperoxidase studies of light chain determinants for plasma cells and their precursors demonstrated a polyclonal pattern. The immunohistochemical study revealed that there were no human herpes virus-8-positive cells. Bone marrow plasmacytosis of striking proportions may occur in a number of inflammatory conditions, chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, and hypersensitivity states. These reactive plasmacytoses, although sometimes striking, are generally composed of scattered, non-aggregated plasma cells. The four cases described here contained numerous tumor-like aggregations on mature plasma cells. Our four cases should be differentiated from plasma cell myeloma composed of mature plasma cells. However, electrophoresis generally demonstrated a broad-based polyclonal hypergammmaglobulinemia. Moreover, the immunohistochemical study revealed a polytypic nature of the plasma cells. To avoid overdiagnosis and overtreatment, it is important to be aware of the bone marrow findings of IPL.     

Eosinophils are not essential for maintenance of murine plasma cells in the bone marrow

Eosinophils were reported to serve as an essential component of the plasma cell niche within the bone marrow. As the potential contribution of eosinophils to humoral immunity has remained incompletely understood, we aimed to further characterize their role during antibody responses and to additionally investigate their role in autoimmune disease. Contrary to our expectations and the currently prevailing paradigm, we found that eosinophils are fully dispensable for the survival of murine bone marrow plasma cells and accordingly do not contribute to antibody production and autoantibody‐mediated disease. Littermate wild type and eosinophil‐deficient ΔdblGATA‐1 animals showed similar numbers and frequencies of plasma cells and did not differ in steady state levels of immunoglobulins or their ability to raise antigen‐specific antibody responses. Eosinophils were likewise dispensable for autoantibody production or autoantibody‐induced disease in a mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Our findings thus argue against a role of eosinophils during the maintenance of the plasma cell pool and challenge the hitherto postulated concept of an eosinophil‐sustained bone marrow niche.     

Fine-needle aspiration of plasma cell disorders: Special emphasis on plasma cell subtype

Fine-needle aspiration cytology and clinical presentations of 16 cases of plasma cell dyscrasias (PCD) have been studied in a period of 6 yr. There were seven cases of solitary plasmacytomas of bones, two cases of extramedullary plasmacytomas, and seven cases of multiple myelomas. Differential counts of mature and immature plasma cells along with presence of cell clumps, mitosis, and bi/multinucleations were studied. The cytological findings revealed no correlation with the different subtypes of PCDs; however, it was helpful in the differential diagnosis. Bone narrowing findings, immunological parameters, available histopathology, and X-ray appearances were analysed. Clinical diagnosis of PCDs were made in only three cases. Thus fine-needle aspiration biopsy was considered as an important diagnostic modality in tissue diagnosis of plasma cell tumors, particularly in solitary plasmacytoma of bone and extramedullary plasmacytoma. Diagn Cytopathol 1994; 11:119–123. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

转IL—2基因的骨髓基质细胞对骨髓移植后免疫功能重建的促进作用

目的探讨了用逆转录病毒载体转入小鼠IL-2基因的基质细胞系QXMSC1对异基因骨髓移植后免疫功能重建的促进作用.方法将小鼠IL-2cDNA片段连接到逆转录病毒载体PLXSN上,构建重组逆转录病毒载体PL2SN(含小鼠IL-2cDNA).用磷酸钙共沉淀法将PL2SN转入单嗜性包装细胞系CRE,获得G418抵抗细胞株后,以上清感染双嗜性包装细胞系CRIP,G418筛选后获得高滴度的包装细胞系CRIPIL-2.感染NIH3T3细胞测定CRIPIL-2培养上清病毒滴度为3.4×105cfu/ml.感染骨髓基质细胞系QXMSC1(H-2d),G418筛选,有限稀释法得10个单克隆细胞株,选择表达IL-2最高的细胞株为实验用细胞QXMSC1IL-2,用于以后的实验.供体小鼠BALB/c(H-2d)骨髓以抗T细胞单抗anti-Thy1.2加补体去除骨髓中T细胞,受体小鼠C57BL/6(H-2b)经γ射线致死剂量照射后,输入供体骨髓1×107/只,同时输入基质细胞QXMSC1IL-25×105/只.在第30天、60天检测BMT小鼠脾细胞对LPS、ConA的反应,脾细胞产生IL-2的能力,BMT小鼠产生抗体生成细胞(PFC)的能力及产生DTH的能力.流式细胞仪检测了QXMSC1IL-2对BMT小鼠T细胞亚群的影响.结果电泳及酶切鉴定证实构建的PL2SN质粒.QXMSC1IL-2细胞系IL-2的分泌量为857U(1×106*24h).异基因骨髓移植,共输入QXMSC1IL-2能明显增加BMT小鼠脾细胞对LPS、ConA的反应.脾细胞产生IL-2的能力增强.PFC数目增加,DTH反应增强.T细胞亚群中CD4+/CD8+的比例有所恢复.结论转入IL-2的骨髓基质细胞系可促进骨髓移植后免疫功能重建.     

The establishment of the plasma cell survival niche in the bone marrow

Antibodies continuously secreted by plasma cells play a central role in humoral immune protection of the organism. These plasma cells are generated during the germinal center reaction, and it is likely that they here acquire the potential to develop into long-lived cells. To achieve longevity, these cells require factors provided by the microenvironment. Indeed, only a few of the plasmablasts arising during an immune response will differentiate into mature plasma cells, which may survive for decades in specialized survival niches in the bone marrow. Here, we discuss how the survival niche in the bone marrow is established and what is known about the cell–cell interactions needed to support the long-term survival of plasma cells. A particular emphasis is put on the role of eosinophils, which have been shown to be key providers of plasma cell survival factors. The data suggest that the reticulum of bone marrow stromal cells supports a dynamic survival niche, in which long-lived plasma cells are provided with essential factors by a continuously turning over population of eosinophils and other cells.     

体外心肌细胞共培养诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向心肌样细胞的分化

目的 探讨体外心肌细胞间接接触共培养诱导骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)向心肌样细胞分化的效果,以寻找最佳的诱导条件。 方法 2~3周龄SD大鼠24只和新生1~3d SD大鼠96只。分别通过全骨髓贴壁筛选法和差速贴壁法获取BMSCs和心肌细胞（CMs）。根据诱导条件不同分成3组：A组：5-氮杂胞苷（5-Aza-CR）诱导组,取采用10μmol/L 5-Aza-CR避光诱导24h;B组：共培养CMs诱导组,实验开始时,CMs和BMSCs分开培养,待各自贴壁后进行共培养;C组：5-Aza-CR+共培养CMs诱导组,CMs接种于Transwell小室上层,下层接种5-Aza-CR诱导的BMSCs。在相差显微镜下连续观察各组BMSCs的形态变化,诱导至第2、4周时收集细胞。应用免疫组织化学法和免疫荧光方法检测诱导后的BMSCs α-横纹肌肌动蛋白（α-actin）和心肌肌钙蛋白T（cTnT）的表达情况。 结果 1.细胞形态的变化： B组细胞有聚集生长趋势,C组脱落或降解的细胞明显少于A组,但部分细胞内有脂肪空泡形成。2.免疫组织化学和免疫荧光检测结果均显示,诱导2周时,A、B、C组cTnT均呈阴性或低表达,α-actin均呈弱表达;诱导4周时各组cTnT和α-actin均呈阳性表达。A组cTnT阳性表达率和α-actin阳性表达率分别为（20.22±2.30）%和（28.05±2.45）%、B组为（21.18±1.30）%和（29.06±1.86）%、C组为（26.28±2.89）%和（33.91±2.18）%,且C组与A、B组比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）,但A组与B组组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论 体外心肌细胞间接接触共培养可以诱导BMSCs向心肌样细胞分化,和5-Aza-CR共同诱导可提高诱导率。     

转染IL-6基因骨髓基质细胞系对骨髓移植后免疫功能重建的促进作用

目的　探讨转染IL 6基因的骨髓基质细胞系对同基因骨髓移植 (BMT)后小鼠免疫功能重建的促进作用。方法　将IL 6cDNA片段连接到pcDNA3真核表达载体上。用脂质体将pcD NA3IL 6转入骨髓基质细胞系QXMSC1,ELISA法测定转染IL 6基因骨髓基质细胞QXMSC1IL 6培养上清中IL 6的含量 ,有限稀释挑选多个细胞克隆 ,选择表达量最高的转基因细胞系QXMSC1IL 6用于动物实验。BABL c小鼠经γ射线致死量照射后 ,输入同基因骨髓细胞 (10 7 只 )同时输入骨髓基质细胞QXMSC1IL 6 (5× 10 5 只 )。在骨髓移植后 30d、6 0d检测BMT小鼠淋巴细胞对LPS ,ConA增殖反应 ,T辅助细胞前体 (helpTlymphocyteprecursor,HTLp) ,杀伤性T细胞前体 (cytotoxicTlymphocyteprecursor,CTLp) ,迟发型超敏反应 (delayed typehypersensitivity ,DTH)及空斑形成细胞数 (plaqueformingcell,PFC) ,反映骨髓移植后小鼠免疫功能。结果　成功构建pcDNA3IL 6重组体。该细胞体外培养 2 4h分泌IL 6的含量为 11.15 (± 2 .4 1) μg 10 6 。QXMSC1IL 6细胞系能明显增强BMT后淋巴细胞对LPS、ConA反应性 ,小鼠对异基因小鼠脾细胞DTH反应增强 ,脾脏中HTLp ,CTLp及PFC数明显增加。转入外源IL 6cDNA基因的骨髓基质细胞系QXMSC1IL 6在体内能明显促进BMT后小鼠T、B淋巴     

灯盏花素注射液对骨髓间充质干细胞的诱导分化

目的探索灯盏花素注射液体外诱导大鼠骨髓间充质细胞(BMSCs)分化为神经元和胶质细胞的可行性。方法贴壁法分离纯化SD大鼠骨髓间充质细胞。第4代细胞行表型鉴定后,用灯盏花素注射液诱导,每6h倒置相差显微镜观察形态变化,免疫细胞化学染色鉴定诱导后细胞的神经元特异性稀醇化酶(NSE)、神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的表达情况,四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)检测不同浓度灯盏花素注射液诱导后细胞的活力,流式细胞术及RT-PCR检测诱导前后细胞中NSE、GFAP mRNA的表达变化。结果BMSCs表型鉴定为CD44+、CD54+、CD34-,诱导18h后BMSCs胞体开始收缩,有突起伸出,24h后突起增多形成网络结构。免疫细胞化学染色,NSE阳性表达率为(48.7±3.4)%,GFAP阳性表达为(56.8±4.2)%,流式细胞仪检测诱导24h后的细胞NSE及GFAP蛋白表达量均较未诱导组升高,RT-PCR检测诱导后细胞表达NSE、GFAP mRNA,未诱导的细胞则不表达。结论灯盏花素注射液可诱导大鼠骨髓间充质细胞在体外分化为神经元和神经胶质细胞。