怒江州2001-2010年麻风病监测分析

目的为探讨麻风病发病规律,分析怒江州2001-2010年麻风病流行现状,从而找出应对措施。方法利用全州麻风病疫情报表进行回顾性分析。结果 2001-2010年怒江州麻风病年发现率、患病率呈平稳下降趋势,新发现病例的延迟期均在3年内。结论提高新发麻风病例发现率,降低麻风病Ⅱ级畸残率。     

2000～2006年郴州市麻风新发病例延迟诊断相关分析

目的了解郴州市目前麻风新发病例延迟诊断情况,延迟诊断的年龄、性别分布以及延迟诊断与发现方式、传染来源、Ⅱ级畸残的相关关系。方法对2000-2006年39例新发麻风病例进行相关分析。结果发现延迟期越长,女性病例检出率、皮肤科就诊发现率、家外感染率、Ⅱ级畸残率也随之上升。结论加强皮防医务人员的培训,加大麻风病知识宣传是控制麻风病的重要手段。     

联合化疗与DDS单疗防治麻风病的临床效果

目的：探讨联合化疗与DDS单疗防治麻风病的效果。方法：选择1955-2010年上林县累计发现的119例各类型麻风病患者。对1980年（包含）以前发现的现症患者均用DDS单一药物治疗;对1981年（包含）以后发现的现症患者均用两种或两种以上药物进行联合化疗,包括1980年年底未治愈的DDS单疗现症患者。结果：进行联合化疗患者（＜15岁的儿童除外）的发病率、患病率、家属发病率、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级畸残发生率、平均延迟期等均有所降低,但其发病年龄未发生明显变化。结论：联合化疗防治麻风病的效果较好,其可以降低麻风病的发病率、患病率、家属发病率、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级畸残发生率、平均延迟期等,控制麻风病的病情。     

1949-2016年中山市麻风病流行病学特征分析

目的 通过探讨1949-2016年中山市麻风病的流行病学特征分析,为更好地制定预防控制麻风病的策略和措施提供科学依据.方法 收集1949-2016年登记于全国麻风病信息管理系统(LEPMIS)的中山市辖区的所有麻风病患者1 560例.分析其流行病学特征,并采用X2检验和非条件的logistic回归分析方法分析麻风病患者发生畸残的影响因素.结果 10年平均发病率以1961-1970年最高,1970年后年平均发病率呈下降趋势.1980年以后,年平均发病率下降到5/10万以下;1990年以后下降到1/10万以下.麻风病发生畸残因素分析延迟期>2年(晚期病例)是延迟期≤2年(早期病例)发生麻风畸残的2.85倍(P<0.001).结论 20世纪80年代后中山市麻风病疫情得到了较好的控制;麻风病发生畸残的主要影响因素为麻风病发现的延迟期.     

麻风病基本消灭阶段新发现病例分析

目的 探讨麻风病基本消灭后的流行病学特征，以指导麻风病防治。方法 采用回顾性调查的方法对广东省湛江市基本消灭麻风病后的1997-2004年新发现病例进行分析。结果 全市新发现病例186例，年均发现率为0．274／10万，以门诊等被动发现为主。少年儿童发病占新发现病人数的6．99％，未见明显下降。发病年龄显著增高，传染源不明者增多以及多菌型病人所占比例逐年升高是主要的流行特点。病期缩短，Ⅱ级畸残率下降。结论 麻风病高流行区已达到基本消灭麻风病后，应根据其流行病学特征采取相应的防治对策，以确保达标后的防治成果。     

麻风病患者畸残情况及其相关因素分析

目的 探究麻风病患者畸残情况及其影响因素。方法 对2010年1月—2020年12月期间赣州市皮肤病医院126例新发现麻风病患者进行统计分析,根据是否发生畸残分为畸残组和非畸残组,2组分别有患者35例、91例。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析导致麻风病患者发生畸残的危险因素。结果 18个县市区中,宁都县麻风病发病率最高,有18例（14.29%）;赣县区和于都区麻风病患者畸残率最高,各有6例（46.15%）;2010—2020年间,2010年麻风检出率最高,为21.43%,同年麻风病患者致残率为40.74%,之后每年的麻风患者占比以及畸残率呈逐渐下降趋势。经多因素Logistic回归分析,感染方式、延迟期、麻风反应、神经损害数是麻风病患者发生畸残的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 赣州市近10年间,宁都县麻风病发病率最高,赣县区麻风致畸残率最高;导致畸残的独立危险因素有感染方式、延迟期、麻风反应、神经损害数。疾病防控中心可根据此特点跟踪调查发病率、致畸残率较高人群,整体提高该地区麻风病防治质量。     

铜仁地区1999～2008年新发现的108例麻风病患者情况分析

目的：掌握在低流行状态下新发现麻风病的流行特征,为今后制订麻风防治策略提供科学依据。方法：对各县1999。2008年上报的年报疫情资料采用excel进行统计分析。结果：1999～2008年新发现麻风病患者108例。以多菌型为主,共81例（75．O％）,家庭内发病36例（33．33％）,平均病期4．05年,Ⅱ级畸残24例,平均畸残率为22．22％,15岁以下儿童仅3例（2．78％）,15岁以上105例（97．22％）,被动发现是主要方式,共78例（72．22％）。结论：铜仁地区麻风病符合低流行特征,疫情呈下降趋势,但防治工作仍不可放松,应采取以被动发现为主与主动发现相结合的方式,早发现。早治疗,消除传染源。     

深圳市宝安区基本消灭麻风病后13年发病情况

目的了解深圳市宝安区1996年麻风病基本消灭后的流行特征,为制订麻风病预防控制措施与方法提供科学依据。方法按人口平均数计算发现率、患病率,结合新发现病例的性别、确诊时年龄、病期、发现途径、菌型比、传染来源和畸残进行流行病学分析。结果1996～2008宝安区新发现麻风病人41例,年平均发现率0．15／10万;病人发现途径以皮肤科门诊接诊为主,发现38例,占92．68％。新发现病人87．8％是暂住,流动人口;新发现病人中多菌型与少菌型比值2．73：1;2年以内早期病例25例,占60．98％;Ⅱ级畸残率24．39％;工人患者31例,占75．61％。结论宝安区在麻风低流行状态下,应重点加强暂住人口的麻风病防治,尤其是工厂工人的麻风病防治。皮肤科门诊和工厂用工体检发现麻风病人,是目前人口结构特殊条件下最为经济可行的发现途径。     

深圳市1997～2008年麻风病流行病学分析

目的了解深圳市基本消灭麻风病后的流行病学特征,为低流行状态下麻风病防治工作提供依据。方法对1997～2008年深圳市发现并登记的87例麻风病进行流行病学分析。结果1997～2008深圳市新发现麻风病人87例,年平均发现率0．096／10万;病人发现途径以皮肤科门诊为主,发现75例（86．21％）。在87例新发现病人中,83．91％是暂住人口,多菌型与少菌型比值7．7：1,2年以内早期病例56例（64.37％）,Ⅱ级畸残率26．44％;工人患者35例（40．23％）。结论在麻风低流行状态下,应重点对外来暂住人口的麻风病防治,尤其是工厂工人的麻风病防治。皮肤科门诊和工厂用工体检发现麻风病人,是低流行状态下经济可行的发现途径。     

青海省新发现麻风病例分析及防治策略

目的:探讨青海省麻风病在低流行状态下,如何早期发现新病例的有效方法。找出存在的问题和今后防治工作重点及思路。方法:对1990年10月—2010年12月新发现的32例麻风病个案登记表进行汇总整理统计分析。结果:新发现麻风病患者32例,前10年中发现20例(62.5%)近10年发现12例(37.5%),男26例(81.25%),女6例(18.75%),男女之比为4.331,平均发病年龄41.5岁,多菌型25例(78.1%),少菌型7例(21.9%),多菌型明显高于少菌型;病期在3年内21例(65.63%),家庭内接触传染18例(56.25%),传染源不明者9例(28.13%);以皮肤专科门诊被动发现病例19例(59.38%),Ⅱ级以上畸残率为(18.75%);儿童发病率近10年为零。结论:青海省麻风病新发病例明显减少,发病平均年龄增高,延迟期明显缩短,多菌型比例上升,传染源不明者比例增高,被动发现病例增加。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.