南宁市胆石病19年的变迁

目的：探讨南宁市胆石病１９年（１９８１～１９９９年）来的变化。方法：采用回顾性调查的方法收集２ ２５２例胆石病患者的临床资料，进行比较分析。结果：南宁市胆石病前１０年（１９８１～１９９９年，Ａ组）与后９年（１９９１～１９９９年，Ｂ组）比较，男女比例为１：１。２；年龄峰值在５１～６０岁；职业以农民居多，Ａ、Ｂ两组分别占４６．３％及３４．０％；结石部位以胆囊结石最多（３４．６％），其次是肝内胆管结石（     

武汉地区正常人群抗HAV—IgM调查

本文收集了１９９１年１１月￣１９９２年４月武汉市武昌区甲型肝炎流行期间体检人员２５０１例，进行了甲型肝炎抗体ＩｇＭ（抗ＨＡＶ－ＩｇＭ）的检测，抗ＨＡＶ－ＩｇＭ的检测用ＥＬＩＳＡ法，抗ＨＡＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性率为２１．２％，其中男性为２１．８％，女性为２０．４％，两性间差异无显著性（Ｐ〉０．０５），１．５￣１０岁年龄组中男孩４０．０％显著高于女孩３０．６％；２１￣５０岁随着年龄增大阳性率逐渐增高，５０岁以     

慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜巨核细胞观察：附49例骨髓涂片分析

本文分析４９例Ｃ－ＩＴＰ骨髓巨核细胞的质和量，与１５例对照组比较，探讨其变化机理。５例巨核细胞数为２３￣３５个／全片，４４例为３６￣５２２个／全片；平均３４．９９个／ｃｍ＾２。对照组平均为１０．８９个／ｃｍ＾２（Ｐ〈０．０５）。４９例中，幼巨占２％￣１６．７％（平均６．５９％），颗巨６３％￣９４％（７９．５％），产板巨０￣２０．２％（６．８５％），显示核象左移。巨核细胞增多是由于骨髓代偿性增生，和     

大肠息肉476例临床分析

１９８７年１月至１９９６年１２月，我院内镜室经纤维结肠镜共检出大肠息肉４７６例，现分析如下。１临床资料本组４７６例，男２９１例，女１８５例，男女之比１．５７∶１，病程２天～３０年，年龄３～７８岁（平均４５岁），年龄分布：３～１０岁４例（０．８４％）；...     

PCR检测B—ALL IgH基因重排

为了探讨急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿免疫球蛋白重链基因重排的临床价值，应用多聚酶链反应技术检测２５例Ｂ－ＡＬＬ患儿ＩｇＨ基因。结果表明，２５例中１９例在初诊或复发时检出克隆性重排，并对此１９例随访观察４８次，平均随访时间为１１．２月（２￣２５月）。ＩｇＨ－ＰＣＲ预测ＡＬＬ复发率为５８．８％，占复发病例的８０％，阳性克隆检出时间先于形态学复发的平均时间为１０．３周（１￣２８．８周）。本方法敏感性０．５％，     

干扰素治疗婴儿巨细胞病毒肝炎疗效的观察

作者对５７例年龄在３个月内息巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）肝炎的婴儿，分组进行干扰素（ＩＦＮ）治疗观察。治疗组（ｎ＝３０）在用静脉ＶｉｔＣ加肌苷的基础上加用γ－ＩＦＮ１０￣６ｕ／ｄ肌注，连续１０天。对照组（ｎ＝２７），单用静脉ＶｉｔＣ加肌苷，连续１０天。其后两组病人均口服ＶｉｔＣ、肌苷至一个月。结果显示，γ－ＩＦＮ治疗组与对照组比疗效有显著性差异。黄疽消退平均提前１５．２６天（Ｐ＜０．００５）；肝脏肿大恢复正常提前２９；８９天（Ｐ＜０．００１），ＳＧＰＴ恢复正常，平均提前１４．２６天（Ｐ＜０．０１）。两组在１个月及２个月的痊愈率分别为４３．０％、１８．５％及９０．Ｏ％、４８．Ｏ％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

广西10县市1990—1992年儿童意外死亡原因分析

目的：意外死亡是儿童主要死因之一，分析儿童意外死亡的原因，为制订预防措施提供科学依据很有必要。方法：在广西１０个全死因调查的样本县中，统计０￣１４岁儿童死亡的病例，计算各年龄组意外死亡原因和进行意外死亡性别比较（Ｘ＾２检验）。结果：０￣１４岁儿童意外死亡的死亡率为５４．５／１０＾５，位于全死因中的第三位。前三位死因分别为淹死（４９．２％）、交通事故（１０．３％）和跌落（６．０％）。男童意外死亡的５     

示波极谱直接测定人发中的铅

在０．１０ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）盐酸－０．４０ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）六次甲基四胺－５．０×１０￣（－３）ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）邻菲啉－５．０×１０￣（－３）ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）硫氰酸钾底液中用示波极谱法测定铅的方法，峰电位为－０．７０Ｖ（ＶＳ，ＳＣＥ）左右，线性范因为０．０４－１．６μｇ·ｍｌ￣（－１），检出限为０．００８μｇ·ｍｌ￣（－１）。该方法简便、快速、选择性好，直接应用于人发中铅的测定；变异系数为２．４－５．９％；样品加标回收率为９７．４－１０５％。     

低出生低重儿2724例临床分析

对１９８６年１０月￣１９９３年１０月青岛地区低出生体重儿２７２４例进行了监测。结果表明，低出生体重儿发生率为４．４５％，早产是低出生体重的重要原因（占５４．８５％）；其它原因是孕龄≤２０岁（发生率８．４２％）及〉３５岁（７．８３％），母亲职业为农民（发生率５．３４％）及个体经商者（８．８０％），母亲疾病、胎儿畸形（发生率１０７．６‰）。低出生体重儿围产期死亡率为２５２．２‰，探讨了预防低体重儿发生     

叶下珠复方治疗慢性乙型肝炎54例临床观察

应用叶下珠复方治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎５４例，与灭澳灵１０例作对照。结果显示叶下珠复方组治疗３个月（其中１０例治疗６个月），临床症状体下显著改善，肝功能复常或明显改善者达８２．６％；ｅ抗原及ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ转阴率分别为４６．２％（２４／５２）和４６．３％（１９／４１）；疗效优于灭澳灵组（上述３项指标分别为２０％，１０％，１０％；Ｐ〈０．０１和Ｐ〈０．０５）。叶下珠复方组治疗３个月后ｅ抗的及ＤＮＡ示阴转     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.