腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆囊结石伴肝硬化的临床分析

目的 探讨胆囊结石伴肝硬化患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）的可行性以及临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2007年6月至2015年12月我院收治的147例胆囊结石伴肝硬化患者的临床资料,根据手术方式将患者分成腹腔镜胆囊切除术组（LC组,n=75）和开腹胆囊切除术组（OC组,n=72）。比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、总费用、术后并发症以及术前术后肝功能指标的差异并进行统计学分析。结果 相较于OC组,LC组手术时间、术后住院时间更短,术中出血量更少,但总的住院费用较高;反映肝功能指标的白蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、谷氨酰转肽酶、总胆红素以及Child-Pugh评分在手术前后的变化更小,两组差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。术后并发症、ICU入住率、Child-Pugh分级术前术后的改变,两组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 肝功能Child-Pugh A、B级的胆囊结石伴肝硬化患者行LC是安全可行的。与开腹手术相比,LC具有手术时间短、术中出血少、术后住院时间短、对肝功能影响小的优势。     

陀螺旋转式60Co放射治疗在进展期胰腺癌中的临床疗效

目的 比较陀螺旋转式⁶⁰Co放射治疗联合化疗和单纯化疗在进展期胰腺癌中的临床疗效。方法 自2012年1月至2014年1月,前瞻性纳入进展期胰腺癌患者100例,根据完全随机数字表原则将患者分为实验组（n=50）和对照组（n=50）,实验组采用陀螺旋转式⁶⁰Co放射治疗联合化疗,对照组采用单纯化疗。比较两组临床预后和治疗相关并发症。结果 与对照组比较,实验组治疗6个月后部分缓解率显著增高（50% vs 30%,P=0.041）,病情进展率显著降低（22% vs 42%,P=0.032）,健康相关的生存质量显著增高（65.87±9.90 vs 59.03±10.32,P=0.017）;实验组24个月病死率显著降低（46% vs 70%,P=0.015）,无进展生存期显著延长（P=0.047）。实验组⁶⁰Co放射治疗后,1级早期放射性损伤28例,2级5例,3级1例,4级1例。结论 陀螺旋转式⁶⁰Co放射治疗联合化疗显著改善进展期胰腺癌患者临床预后。     

腹腔镜和开腹胆囊切除术对患者血清细胞因子IL-6、IL-10和IL-18的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)和开腹胆囊切除术(OC)对慢性结石性胆囊炎患者血清IL-6、IL-10和IL-18影响,比较两种方法对机体肝功能的损伤和机制。方法:选择LC患者和OC患者各30例,分别于术前、术后1d、5d抽取静脉血测定血清ALT、AST、IL-6、IL-10和IL-18含量,并进行对比研究。结果:LC组和OC组术后血清ALT、AST、IL-6和IL-18含量均较术前增加(P<0.01),血清IL-10含量较术前降低(P<0.01),上述指标术后1d变化最为明显,LC组上述血清指标变化小于同期OC组(P<0.05)。结论:LC对患者肝功能损伤较OC小,可能与LC刺激机体产生IL-6和IL-18较少,维持较高血清IL-10水平,维护适度机体细胞因子平衡有关。     

免充气腋径路腔镜与传统开放甲状腺手术的疗效对比分析

目的：比较免充气腋径路腔镜与传统开放甲状腺手术的临床效果。方法：回顾性分析2015年8月至2020年7月瑞金医院卢湾分院普外科行单侧甲状腺全切除术的病人资料,按照手术方式分为两组,96例免充气腋径路腔镜单侧甲状腺手术(腔镜组)和232例传统开放单侧甲状腺手术(开放组)。比较两组手术相关指标、术后恢复相关指标及术后并发症发生率。结果：腔镜组手术时间显著长于开放组[(168±23) min比(95±18) min,P=0.022],术中喉返神经识别率两组差异无统计学意义(100.0%比99.1%,P=0.138),上、下甲状旁腺识别率腔镜组显著高于开放组(98.0%比97.0%;95.8%比99.1%,P=0.003、0.028)。术后首日引流量腔镜组显著高于开放组[(42±22) mL比(25±10) mL,P=0.006],术后住院天数长于开放组[(2.8±0.6) d比(1.8±1.2) d,P=0.016],住院费用两组差异无统计学意义[(13 186±1 015)元比(12 632±1 456)元,P=0.365],总体并发症发生率两组差异无统计学意义(10.4%比9.1%,P=...     

腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗急性坏疽性胆囊炎的临床分析

目的对比分析腹腔镜与开腹手术在急性坏疽性胆囊炎手术治疗中的优越性。 方法收集2010年1月至2015年10月在解放军总医院手术治疗的84例急性坏疽性胆囊炎患者,其中53例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC组),31例行开腹胆囊切除术(OC组),对比研究两组手术方式在术中与术后的疗效差异。 结果84例手术均获成功。两组手术时间和住院费用比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术中出血量[(86.7 ±12)ml vs (120.4 ± 18) ml]、切口长度[(3.1 ± 0.4)cm vs (13.2 ± 2.7)cm]、术后8 h疼痛评分[(5.3 ± 2.1)分 vs (8.6 ± 1.9)分]、术后排气时间[(20.6 ± 6.5) h vs (34.5 ± 4.7) h]、切口感染率(1.8% vs 12.9%)、住院时间[(7.6 ± 1.8) d vs (13.4 ± 4.8)d]、术前及术后总胆红素的变化比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),LC组优于OC组。 结论在严格的手术适应证选择和精密的手术操作的前提下,急性坏疽性胆囊炎应用LC治疗,痛苦小、恢复快、住院时间短,值得临床推广。     

加速康复外科在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

目的 本研究旨在评估加速康复外科（ERAS）在胰十二指肠切除术中应用的安全性和有效性。方法 将2014年1月至2015年12月我院54例胰十二指肠切除术患者随机为传统组（39例）和加速康复组（ERAS组,15例）两组。传统组按传统方法进行围手术期处理。ERAS组接受加速康复外科策略的围手术期处理,主要包括：术前教育、术前减黄、术前营养支持、术中保温、术后强化镇痛、术后早期肠内营养支持及早期恢复口服饮食、术后早期下床活动、术后强化血糖控制等。观察比较两组患者病死率、再手术率、术后平均住院日、治疗费用,以及胰瘘、胃排空延迟和其他腹腔并发症的发生率。结果 两组患者的平均年龄、性别、原发病构成以及术前黄疸或糖尿病构成比例差别无统计学意义（P>0.05）。传统组死亡2例,再手术1例,1周内再入院1例。ERAS组没有死亡、再手术及再入院病例。传统组共发生胰瘘12例,ERAS组2例（30.8% vs 13.3%,P=0.191）。其中传统组有B级胰瘘2例,C级胰瘘3例,A级胰瘘7例;ERAS组均为A级胰瘘。传统组胃延迟排空发生率显著高于ERAS组（35.9% vs 6.7%,P=0.031）。包括腹腔出血、腹腔积液等其他腹腔并发症的发生率两组间没有明显统计学差异（P>0.05）。ERAS组术后胃肠道功能恢复时间、平均住院日（21 d vs 17 d,P=0.046）和住院费用（97 130元 vs 80 963元,P=0.047）明显少于传统组。结论 结合胰十二指肠切除手术特点所制定的加速康复外科策略在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用是安全的,并且可以有效降低患者术后胰瘘、胃排空延迟的发生率,减少术后住院时间和住院费用,有利于患者更快更好地康复。     

Promising short-term clinical results of the cementless Oxford phase III medial unicondylar knee prosthesis

AIM: To investigate the short-term clinical results of the Oxford phase III cementless medial unicondylar knee prosthesis (UKP) compared to the cemented medial UKP. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study in a tertairy orthopedic centre between the period of May 2010 and September 2012. We included 99 medial UKP in 97 patients and of these UKP, 53 were cemented and 46 were cementless. Clinical outcome was measured using a questionnaire, containing a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, Oxford Knee score, Kujala score and SF-12 score. Knee function was tested using the American Knee Society score. Complications, reoperations and revisions were recorded. Statistical significance was defined as a P value < 0.05. RESULTS: In a mean follow-up time of 19.5 mo, three cemented medial UKP were revised to a total knee prosthesis. Reasons for revision were malrotation of the tibial component, aseptic loosening of the tibial component and progression of osteoarthritis in the lateral- and patellofemoral compartment. In five patients a successful reoperation was performed, because of impingement or (sub)luxation of the polyethylene bearing. Patients with a reoperation were significant younger than patients in the primary group (56.7 vs 64.0, P = 0.01) and were more likely to be male (85.7% vs 38.8%, P = 0.015). Overall the cementless medial UKP seems to perform better, but the differences in clinical outcome are not significant; a VAS pain score of 7.4 vs 11.7 (P = 0.22), an Oxford Knee score of 43.3 vs 41.7 (P = 0.27) and a Kujala score of 79.6 vs 78.0 (P = 0.63). The American Knee Society scores were slightly better in the cementless group with 94.5 vs 90.2 (P = 0.055) for the objective score and 91.2 vs 87.8 (P = 0.25) for the subjective score. CONCLUSION: The cementless Oxford phase III medial UKP shows good short-term clinical results, when used in a specialist clinic by an experienced surgeon.     

Systemic and cell-mediated immune response after laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy in patients with chronic liver disease. A randomized, prospective study

BACKGROUND: As impaired immune function observed in cirrhotic patients is known to increase the risk of postoperative complications, the immunological response to surgery was investigated. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients with postnecrotic liver cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis C and symptomatic gallstone disease were randomly allocated to laparoscopic (LC) or open cholecystectomy (OC). Changes in concentrations of cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10) were followed and the effect of surgical trauma on the distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16 and CD19) and NK cell cytotoxicity were measured. RESULTS: After OC a decrease in circulating CD3 (p < 0.05) and CD4 (p < 0.05) and an increase in CD19 (p < 0.05) cells were detected in contrast to LC after which only CD16 cells decreased (p = 0.05). The number of CD3 cells was higher after LC than after OC (p < 0.01), whereas the number of CD19 cells was higher after OC than after LC (p < 0.01). NK cell cytotoxicity was reduced after LC (p < 0.05). In cirrhotic patients circulating cytokines were unaffected by OC, whereas TNF-alpha (p < 0.05) and IL-1beta (p < 0.05) were reduced after LC. In chronic hepatitis IL-1beta decreased after OC (p = 0.05) and IL-10 was significantly higher after LC than following OC (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The immune response is less pronounced after a laparoscopic procedure compared to a conventional approach in patients with chronic liver disease.     

结石性胆囊炎腹腔镜与开腹胆囊切除术的对照研究

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)与开腹胆囊切除术(open cholecystectomy,OC)治疗结石性胆囊炎的疗效及并发症.方法:将343例结石性胆囊炎患者分为两组,220例行LC,123例行OC,观察两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛时间、肛门排气、术...     

针刺阳陵泉、胆囊穴治疗急性胆囊炎胆绞痛的临床疗效观察

目的 观察针刺阳陵泉、胆囊穴对急性胆囊炎胆绞痛的临床镇痛疗效。方法 收集2015年1月至2016年1月就诊于我院普外科的急性胆囊炎胆绞痛患者共60例,随机平均分成针刺组及药物组。在治疗前后对患者进行疼痛评分,并检测患者外周血浆C反应蛋白（C-Reactive Protein）、β-内啡肽（β-Endorphin,β-EP）、胆囊收缩素（Cholecystokinin,CCK）水平。结果 两组患者的术前临床资料无统计学差异（P>0.05）,治疗后5、10及15 min这三个时间点,针刺组的疼痛治疗有效率明显优于药物组（P<0.05）,而在治疗后20、25及30 min,两组的疼痛治疗有效率无统计学差异（P>0.05）。针刺组在降低血浆CRP方面优于药物组,有统计学差异（P=0.004）,但血浆β-EP及CCK的变化无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论 此次研究证实针刺对于急性胆囊炎胆绞痛治疗效果优于麻醉镇痛药联合抗胆碱能药物的镇痛效果,具有起效快、效果好、持续久的优势,同时能降低胆绞痛患者的CRP水平,安全可靠。     

老年患者急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术与开腹式胆囊切除术的疗效比较

【摘要】〓目的〓比较腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)与开腹式胆囊切除术(OC)治疗老年患者急性胆囊炎的安全性和有效性。方法〓选择从2007年1月至2012年12月收治的年龄超过70岁急性胆囊炎患者76例,分别采用LC(34例)与OC(42例)治疗。观察两组的手术时间、术中失血、术后住院时间和术后并发症。结果〓两组患者手术均顺利完成胆囊切除术,且LC组无中转开腹的病例。LC组的手术时间为95.2±19.7 min,OC组的手术时间为86.8±21.2 min,两者差异无统计学意义;LC组术中失血>500 mL的有2例(5.9%),OC组术中失血>500 mL的有8例(19.0%)(P<0.05);LC组的术后住院时间明显少于OC组(P<0.01)。总共有24例患者在术后出现了并发症(31.6%),其中LC组的术后并发症明显少于OC组(P<0.05)。结论〓急性胆囊炎老年患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗能缩短术后住院时间和减少术后并发症发生率。     

LC+LCBDE和ERCP/EST+LC在胆囊合并胆总管结石中应用的随机对照研究

目的 对比腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）联合腹腔镜胆总管切开胆道镜探查取石术（LCBDE）、内镜逆行胰胆管造影/内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开取石术（ERCP/EST）联合LC两种联合术式在胆囊合并胆总管结石治疗中的疗效差异,分析术式优越性。方法 前瞻性分析上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院胆胰外科2014年7月至2016年3月间114例胆囊合并胆总管结石患者临床资料,按随机数字表法分为LC+LCBDE组以及ERCP/EST+LC组。对比两组手术成功率、手术时间、术中出血、住院时间和费用、术后胃肠道生活质量指数（GIQLI）和患者手术耐受性,以及术后早期及中远期并发症发生率。结果 LC+LCBDE组与ERCP/EST+LC组比较,手术成功率差异无统计学意义（96.5% vs 92.9%,P>0.05）;并发症方面,LC+LCBDE组残石率,胰腺炎、胆管炎、腹胀发生率均低于ERCP/EST+LC组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。同时,LC+LCBDE组在住院费用、耗材费用、术后GIQLI生存质量和患者手术耐受性方面均优于ERCP/EST+LC组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）; 但在住院时间、胆漏发生率方面,ERCP/EST+LC组优于LC+LCBDE组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 LC+LCBDE术式在胆囊合并胆总管结石的治疗中与ERCP/EST+LC术式手术成功率相近,但LC+LCBDE术式具有创伤小、并发症低、费用少、患者耐受性好、术后生存质量高等优点,可作为首选术式。     

Operative vs non-operative management of displaced proximal humeral fractures in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

AIM: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing operative vs non-operative treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using EMBASE and MEDLINE through the OVID interface, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Proquest, Web of Science, SAE digital library, and Transportation Research Board’s TRID database. Searches of conference proceedings were also conducted. All available randomized controlled trials comparing operative vs non-operative management of displaced three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients were included. The primary outcomes measures included physical function, pain, health related quality of life, mortality, and the re-operation rate. RESULTS: Six randomized controlled trials (n = 287) were included. There was no statistically significant difference in function (MD = 1.72, 95%CI: -2.90-6.34, P = 0.47), as measured by the Constant score, between the operative and the non-operative treatment groups. There was no statistically significance difference in secondary outcomes of health related quality of life (standardized MD = 0.27, 95%CI: -0.05-0.59, P = 0.09), and mortality (relative risk 1.29, 95%CI: 0.50- 3.35, P = 0.60). Operative treatment had a statistically significant higher re-operation rate (relative risk 4.09, 95%CI: 1.50-11.15, P = 0.006), and statistically significant decreased pain (MD = 1.26, 95%CI: 0.02- 2.49, P = 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is moderate quality evidence to suggest that there is no difference in functional outcomes between the two treatments. Further high quality randomized controlled trials are required to determine if certain subgroup populations benefit from surgical management.     

加速康复外科理念下术后不输液对腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的影响

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)术后不输液对患者恢复及安全性的影响。方法 回顾性分析宁波市医疗中心李惠利医院2019年1月至2020年1月间接受LC术的患者临床资料。根据LC术后是否进行静脉输液,将患者分为未输液组(n=80)与常规输液组(n=80)。统计两组患者术前一般情况,对比分析两组患者术中、术后情况。结果 两组患者术前一般资料无统计学差异(P>0.05)。两组在手术时间、麻醉时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛评分方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。未输液组在术后排气时间、住院时间及住院费用方面,均低于常规输液组(P<0.05)。术后共5例出现不同程度的切口感染,其中不输液组2例,输液组3例,均是在出院后1周内发现,在门诊换药后痊愈。所有患者未出现其他并发症。两组患者术后1个月复查,肝肾功能及肝胆B超均未见明显异常。结论 在加速康复外科理念下,对于胆囊炎症轻、无基础疾病、营养状况良好的患者,LC术后不进行静脉输液,可加快患者康复,临床安全可行。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术对机体就激反应的影响

目的 研究腹腔镜胆囊切除术对机体应激反应的影响。方法 将70例胆囊炎、胆囊结石患者随机分成腹腔镜胆囊切除组（LC）和开腹胆囊切除组（OC）。术前和术后第1,3,5,7d采集外周静脉血,测定白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）,肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）,白细胞介素6（IL－6）和C－反应蛋白（CRP）。结果 两组手术前后IL－1β和TNF-α均无明显差异（P＞0．05）,两组间手术前后比较也无明显差异（P＞0．05）;两组手术后IL－6第1d升至最高,与术前及术后第3,5,7d比较有高度显著差异（P＜0．01）而术前与术后第3,5,7d比较无显著差异（P＞0．05）,两组之间比较亦无显著差异（P＞0．05）;两组手术后CRP第1,3,5d均较术前有明显升高（P＜0．05）,以术后第1和第3d升高最明显,而两组之间比较无显著差异（P＞0．05）。结论 LC对机体应激反应与OC相比没有明显差异。     

Longitudinal evaluation of time related femoral neck narrowing after metal-on-metal hip resurfacing

AIM: To track the short-term neck narrowing changes in Birmingham metal-on-metal hip resurfacing (MOMHR) patients. METHODS: Since 2001, the Center for Hip and Knee Replacement started a registry to prospectively collect data on hip and knee replacement patients. From June 2006 to October 2008, 139 MOMHR were performed at our center by two participate surgeons using Birmingham MOMHR prosthesis (Smith Nephew, United States). It is standard of care for patients to obtain low, anteriorposterior (LAP) pelvis radiographs immediately after MOMHR procedure and then at 3 mo, 1 year and 2 year follow up office visits. Inclusion criteria for the present study included patients who came back for follow up office visit at above mentioned time points and got LAP radiographs. Exclusion criteria include patients who missed more than two follow up time points and those with poor-quality X-rays. Two orthopaedic residency trained research fellows reviewed the X-rays independently at 4 time points, i.e., immediate after surgery, 3 mo, 1 year and 2 year. Neck-to-prosthesis ratio (NPR) was used as main outcome measure. Twenty cases were used as subjects to identify the reliability between two observers. An intraclass correlation coefficient at 0.8 was considered as satisfied. A paired t-test was used to evaluate the significant difference between different time points with P < 0.05 considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: The mean NPRs were 0.852 ± 0.056, 0.839 ± 0.052, 0.835 ± 0.051, 0.83 ± 0.04 immediately, 3 mo, 1 year and 2 years post-operatively respectively. At 3 mo, NPR was significantly different from immediate postoperative X-ray (P < 0.001). There was no difference between 3 mo and 1 year (P = 0.14) and 2 years (P = 0.53). Femoral neck narrowing (FNN) exceeding 10% of the diameter of the neck was observed in only 4 patients (5.6%) at two years follow up. None of these patients developed a femoral neck fracture (FNF). CONCLUSION: Femoral neck narrowing after MOMHR occurred as early as 3 mo postoperatively, and stabilized thereafter. Excessive FNN was not common in patients within the first two years of surgery and was not correlated with risk of FNF.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术对细胞因子、内皮素和C反应蛋白水平的影响

目的:探讨开腹与腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)2种方法对胆囊疾病患者血中细胞因子、内皮素和C反应蛋白的影响,比较两种方法对机体损伤的程度及安全性。方法:选择行剖腹胆囊切除术(OC)患者50例,LC患者50例,分别于术前和术后抽取静脉血检测IL-2、IL-6、NK细胞活性、CD4/CD8、内皮素、C反应蛋白含量并进行比较。结果:OC组IL-2和NK细胞活性术后较术前下降(P<0.05),IL-6术后较术前明显上升(P<0.01)。IL-6术后OC组较LC组上升(P<0.05)。OC组IL-2术后较LC组降低(P<0.05)。CD4/CD8未发现明显变化。OC组血中内皮素术后含量明显高于LC组患者(P<0.01),C反应蛋白于术后亦高于LC组。结论:研究表明LC损伤小,是一种安全可靠的手术方式。     

Interleukin-6 and granulocytic elastase levels following laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels have been shown to correlate well with the magnitude of surgical stress. Serum IL-6 and plasma granulocytic elastase levels, 24 h after surgery, were determined in 12 patients who underwent open major surgery [MS group; esophageal carcinoma (n=5), gastric carcinoma (n=3), colorectal carcinoma (n=4) 5 patients who had open cholecystectomy [OC group] and 17 patients who had laparoscopic cholecystectomy [LC group]. IL-6 levels correlated significantly with the duration of surgery (r=0.685,P < 0.01) and with intraoperative blood loss (r=0.583,P < 0.02). However, there was no significant correlation between granulocytic elastase and the duration of surgery or blood loss. Plasma IL-6 levels in the LC group (21±3 pg/ml) were significantly lower than those in the OC group (47±5 pg/ml) and the MS group (186±36pg/ml) (P<0.05;P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in granulocytic elastase levels between the LC group (318±8g/l), the OC group (360±130 gmg/ml), and the MS group (701±344 g/l). Increased IL-6 levels correlated well with increased duration of surgery. The lower IL-6 levels following laparoscopic cholecystectomy may therefore be indicative of lower surgical stress associated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.     

不同手术方案在急性结石性胆囊炎患者中的应用效果对比

目的探讨不同手术方案在急性结石性胆囊炎患者中的应用效果。 方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2016年6月收治的221例急性结石性胆囊炎患者资料,根据治疗方案分为腹腔镜下胆囊切除术(LC)组(行急诊LC术,n＝152)、经皮肝胆囊穿刺引流术(PTGD)＋LC组(n＝46)、开腹胆囊切除术(OC)组(n＝23)。采用SPSS19.0统计学软件进行分析,术中术后指标以均数±标准差表示,两组比较用t检验,多组比较采用方差分析;术后并发症发生率采用χ²检验;P<0.05差异有统计学意义。 结果⑴PTGD＋LC组的年龄、胆囊炎严重程度明显高于另外两组(P<0.05);三组的其他基线资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。⑵PTGD＋LC组的手术时间显著高于LC组,总住院时间、总住院费用均显著高于另外两组(P<0.05)。OC组的术中出血量显著高于另外两组(P<0.05)。LC组和PTGD＋LC组中转开腹率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。三组的术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论对于无明显手术禁忌症的急性结石性胆囊炎患者而言,急诊LC是首选治疗方法,对于暂时不直接实施手术者可先行PTGD术,之后再考虑下一步治疗。     

急性胆囊炎320例腹腔镜手术时机的评价与操作体会

目的　对急性胆囊炎腹腔镜手术时机进行评价 ,并总结手术操作体会。方法　将 32 0例急性胆囊炎患者分 3组施行LC。结果　早期手术组 16 4例 ,中转手术 8例 (0 .5 % ) ;限期手术组 5 1例 ,中转手术 7例 (13.7% ) ;择期手术组 10 5例 ,中转手术 5例 (0 .5 % )。平均手术时间分别为早期组4 6min、限期组 89min及择期组 35min ,平均住院时间分别为 5 .4d、13.6d及 8.7d。本组患者均痊愈出院。结论　急性胆囊炎在发病早期是行LC的理想时机 ;Calot三角的良好显露、正确处理胆囊管和胆囊动脉是LC成功的关键 ;正确对待中转手术和掌握中转手术的指征是LC的安全保证措施