北京市公立医院骨科医疗纠纷处理现状及影响因素分析

目的:了解北京市公立医院骨科医疗纠纷调解现状,并探讨影响医患纠纷调解结果的影响因素,为更有针对性地改善医疗服务提出建议.方法:对2007-2017年于北京市医疗纠纷调解委员会登记平台登记的1251例骨科医疗纠纷结果进行调查分析,对患者及诊疗医生的基本资料、纠纷原因、损伤后果、就医方式以及结案时间等与是否达成协议结案进行...     

德国2013年非诉讼医疗纠纷大样本研究

了解德国医疗纠纷发生水平,对于合理认识、把握我国医疗纠纷发生水平具有重要意义。自2006年起,德国各专家鉴定、调解委员会通过医疗差错报告系统(Medical Error Reporting Systems,MERS)采用统一的标准进行数据收集。2013年德国新受理12173件医疗纠纷,启动鉴定程序7922件,其中2243件（28%）存在医疗过失或者风险告知缺陷,骨科、普外科是医疗纠纷高发科室。     

承德市医疗纠纷人民调解机制应用效果调查分析

目的：探讨建立科学有效的化解医疗纠纷矛盾社会管理机制。方法：对2014年承德市12家医疗纠纷人民调解委员会工作情况及调处医疗纠纷案例的相关数据进行调查统计分析。结果：2014年全市共发生医疗纠纷案例363件,通过人民调解委员会调解299件,占82．3％,法院诉讼解决18件,4．9％,行政调解解决21件,占5．8％;“医闹”、“纠缠”发生率较2011年至2013年平均水平分别下降68．4％和77．7％。运用人民调解机制成为承德市化解医疗纠纷的主要方式,为避免“医闹”现象的发生,维护正常的医疗秩序发挥了积极作用。结论：建立医疗纠纷人民调解机制是化解医疗纠纷矛盾的有效社会管理模式,该机制的建立与实施需要政府主导,司法、公安、卫生等多部门合作,社会广泛支持。     

500件司法鉴定医疗纠纷案件研究

北京华夏物证鉴定中心自2010年1月至2014年10共受理医疗纠纷鉴定500件,案件高发科室分别是骨科、产科、普外科、神经内科、神经外科等,其中骨科、产科最多。500件医疗纠纷是剔除多数符合诊疗规范的医疗纠纷案件后的数量,存在医疗过错的医疗纠纷比例,2010年为82.98%最高,2011年为73.04%最低。轻微责任和次要责任约占40%,主要责任一般小于20%,严重违反诊疗原则的完全责任的医疗纠纷小于2%。     

医疗纠纷大样本研究

近年医疗纠纷引发伤害医护人员事件时有发生,引起医疗行业内外广泛关注。本期特别策划通过对北京5445件非诉讼医疗纠纷、北京2013年诉讼医疗纠纷案件、500件司法鉴定医疗纠纷大样本研究,同时介绍了英国、德国非诉讼医疗纠纷情况,以期为医院管理人员和临床医护人员合理认识我国医疗纠纷发生状况,针对性采取预防医疗风险的措施,     

北京市某医院200例医疗纠纷不同处理途径的效果分析

目的 对经北京市医疗纠纷人民调解委员会调解和法院诉讼的医疗纠纷案例进行对比分析,从而对不同途径处理医疗纠纷的效果进行评价。方法 收集整理北京市某三甲医院2016年1月1日-2019年12月31日发生的医疗纠纷案件共计200例,对比分析经北京市医疗纠纷人民调解委员会第三方调解和经法院诉讼的医疗纠纷类别、当年化解率、责任度评估及赔偿额。统计分析时主要采用描述性统计方法,对于计量资料采用均数±标准差的形式表示,组间比较采用独立样本t检验,计数资料采用频数(构成比)的形式表示,组间比较采用Pearson卡方检验。结果 2016年至2019年共处理医疗纠纷200例,其中经北京市医疗纠纷人民调解委员会人民调解共计128例(64.0%),经法院诉讼共计72例(36.0%)。经北京市医疗纠纷人民调解委员会调解的医疗纠纷主要为内科系统和其他科室(74.3%),以新发案件为主(75.8%),而经法院诉讼的医疗纠纷主要为外科系统(58.3%),并以既往案件为主(70.8%)。经北京市医疗纠纷人民调解委员会调解的医疗纠纷案件当年化解率高于法院诉讼途径(80.5%vs 36.1%,P<0.001),经北京...     

第三方调解三步曲

江西省自2008年8月开始在全省范围内探索建立医疗纠纷三方调解机制，至今已组建了省、市、县三级医疗纠纷专业调解委员会111个，配备专兼职人民调解员2269名，建立了1000余人的医学专家库和100余人的法学专家库。截至2011年7月31日，共受理医疗纠纷1955件，成功调处155l件，其中，景德镇、新余、赣州等地的调处模式，取得了较为明显的成效。     

北京市2013年诉讼医疗纠纷大样本研究

北京市法院2013年一审受理的医疗纠纷案件为1152件,一审审结的医疗纠纷案件共1044件。通过对案件的分析,发现当前北京市医疗纠纷呈快速增长趋势,三级医院和二级医院更容易发生医疗纠纷。医疗纠纷高发科室相对恒定,妇产科、骨科、普外科、急诊科均为医疗纠纷高发科室。在医疗纠纷诉讼案件中,患方获赔几率为71.21%,医疗纠纷约46%进行医疗责任鉴定。     

医患纠纷试行人民调解

医患双方一旦发生纠纷后,双方可以向医疗纠纷人民调解委员会提出申请.医疗纠纷人民调解委员会受理申请立案后,由医学专家和律师进行医学技术评估和法律服务,之后再由医疗纠纷人民调解委员会中的人民调解员进行调解.这就是国内首家省级医疗纠纷调解专业机构--山西省医疗纠纷人民调解委员会处理医疗纠纷的一种新模式.山西省医疗纠纷人民调解委员会成立2个月来,共接待申请、咨询300多人次,受理案件26件,成功调解6起案件.     

医患纠纷试行人民调解

医患双方一旦发生纠纷后．双方可以向医疗纠纷人民调解委员会提出申请。医疗纠纷人民调解委员会受理申请立案后．由医学专家和律师进行医学技术评估和法律服务．之后再由医疗纠纷人民调解委员会中的人民调解员进行调解。这就是国内首家省级医疗纠纷调解专业机构——山西省医疗纠纷人民调解委员会处理医疗纠纷的一种新模式。山西省医疗纠纷人民调解委员会成立2个月来．共接待申请、咨询300多人次．受理案件26件．成功调解6起案件。目前．这种通过人民调解来解决医患纠纷的方式受到了越来越多人的关注．并在北京、上海等地相继展开。[第一段]     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.