HPLC法测定感丹中三组分的含量及马来酸氯苯那敏含量均匀度

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定感丹(氨酚伪麻那敏泡腾颗粒)中马来酸氯苯那敏、对乙酰氨基酚、盐酸伪麻黄碱的含量及马来酸氯苯那敏含量均匀度。方法采用Agela Venusil XBP-C_(18)柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.05mol.L~(-1)磷酸二氢钾溶液(10%磷酸调pH至3.0)(25:75),流速为1.0mL.min~(-1),检测波长为210nm,进样量10μL,柱温为35℃。结果马来酸氯苯那敏浓度在0.16~0.56μg.mL~(-1)之间、对乙酰氨基酚浓度在2.0~7.0μg.mL~(-1)之间、盐酸伪麻黄碱浓度在0.24~0.84μg.mL~(-1)之间均与峰面积呈良好线性关系,r=0.999 0~0.999 8;平均加样回收率分别为101.62%(RSD=1.26%)、97.04%(RSD=0.98%)、95.02%(RSD=2.18%)。结论本法操作简便,结果准确,可作为该制剂的质量控制方法。     

HPLC法测定热敷散中阿魏酸的含量

目的 建立HPLC法测定热敷散中阿魏酸含量的方法.方法 采用Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱,乙腈-0.085%磷酸溶液(17∶83)为流动相;流速1.0ml/min;检测波长316nm.结果 阿魏酸在0.0384～0.3456μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率为98.48%,RSD=1.02%(n=6).结论 本方法操作简便,专属性强,结果准确,可用于热敷散的质量控制.     

HPLC法测定珍珠菜提取物中芦丁的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定珍珠菜提取物中芦丁含量.方法 色谱柱为Diamonsil C18(4.6mm×250mm);流动相为甲醇-0.4%冰醋酸-四氢呋喃(30∶60∶10);流速1.0ml/min;检测波长355nm.结果 提取物中芦丁的保留时间为25.4min,色谱峰分离良好,对照品芦丁线性范围为1.0312～30.936靏/ml(r=0.9994,n=5),方法回收率为100.1%,RSD为1.03%.结论 该法可用于珍珠菜提取物中芦丁的含量测定,可以用来对提取物进行质量控制.     

HPLC法测定珍珠菜提取物中芦丁的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定珍珠菜提取物中芦丁含量。方法色谱柱为Diamonsil C18（4.6mm×250mm）;流动相为甲醇-0.4%冰醋酸-四氢呋喃（30：60：10）;流速1.0ml/min;检测波长355nm。结果提取物中芦丁的保留时间为25.4min,色谱峰分离良好,对照品芦丁线性范围为1.0312～30.936μg/ml（r=0.9994,n=5）,方法回收率为100.1%,RSD为1.03%。结论该法可用于珍珠菜提取物中芦丁的含量测定,可以用来对提取物进行质量控制。     

HPLC法测定甘肃棘豆中金丝桃苷的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定甘肃棘豆中金丝桃苷含量的方法.方法 采用HPLC法,色谱柱:Phenomenex C18柱(250mm×4.60mm,5um);流动相A为含0.4%磷酸水溶液,流动相B为甲醇;流速为0.8ml/min,检测波长为350nm,柱温为25℃;进样量10μl;用标准曲线法定量,测定甘肃棘豆中金丝桃苷含量.结果 金丝桃苷在0～1.680μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为98.32%,RSD为2.19%(n=5).结论 本方法操作简单、重现性好,可用于测定甘肃棘豆中金丝桃苷含量.     

HPLC法测定溶栓通脉胶囊中山柰素的含量

目的建立HPLC法测定溶栓通脉胶囊中山柰素含量的方法。方法采用Eclipse XDB—C18色谱柱,甲醇-水（52：48）为流动相;流速1．0mlomin-1：检测波长367nm。结果山柰素在0．0586-1．465μg范围内线性关系良好（r=0．9999）,平均回收率为98．40％,IKSD=0.95％（n=6）。结论本方法操作简便,专属性强,结果准确,可用于溶栓通脉胶囊的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定注射用泮托拉唑钠中EDTA-2Na的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱（HPLC）法测定注射用泮托拉唑钠中EDTA-2Na的含量。方法 选择固定相为十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶（直径为5 μm）,尺寸为250 mm×4.6 mm色谱柱,以乙腈-磷酸盐缓冲液（15∶85,v/v,用磷酸调节pH至2.5±0.1）为流动相,流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为255 nm,柱温为35 ℃。结果 EDTA-2Na浓度在2.0~32.0 μg/ml范围内线性方程为A=2.317×104C-1.235×103（r=0.9998）,EDTA-2Na的平均回收率为100.40%,RSD 为0.92%（n=9）。结论 本方法简便、可靠、准确度高、重复性好,可用于测定注射用泮托拉唑钠中EDTA-2Na的含量。     

HPLC法测定六味地黄胶囊中马钱苷含量

目的：建立六味地黄胶囊中马钱苷含量测定方法。方法采用Phenomenex色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸(8：92);流速1.0ml·min-1,柱温30℃,检测波长为236nm。结果马钱苷在11.25μg/ml~180.0μg/ml范围内,呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9993),定量限为7.88ng·ml-1,回收率为97.1%,RSD为1.2%(n=9)。结论本方法简便、准确。方法的稳定性、重复性良好,可作为六味地黄胶囊质量分析控制方法。     

HPLC法测定青蒿琥酯片的含量

目的 研究青蒿琥酯片的含量测定方法.方法 采用高效液相色谱法.色谱柱Kromasil ODS柱(4.6×250 mm,5μm);流动相乙腈-水(三氟乙酸调PH=3.5±0.5)(6535);流速为1.0ml·min-1;检测波长为210.结果 青蒿琥酯在0.01～0.03 μg·mL-1浓度范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9997),平均回收率为99.67%(RSD=1.10%,n=6).结论 本法专属性强,重现性好,操作简便,结果准确,可用于青蒿琥酯片的含量测定.     

HPLC法测定对乙酰氨基酚片的含量

目的 建立HPLC法测定对乙酰氨基酚片的含量。方法 色谱柱为Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18柱（4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm）;流动相为甲醇-水（20∶80）,流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为244 nm,柱温30 ℃。结果 对乙酰氨基酚浓度在10.16~30.48 μg/ml范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9998（n=5）;平均加样回收率为100.04%,RSD=0.95%（n=6）。结论 HPLC法操作简便、结果准确、重复性好、专属性强,适用于测定对乙酰氨基酚片中对乙酰氨基酚的含量。     

Bronchial hyperreactivity to histamine and methacholine in asthmatic children after inhalation of SCH 1000 and chlorpheniramine maleate.

Nine asthmatic patients with a mean age of 14 yr received bronchial challenges with histamine and methacholine. The challenges were repeated after inhalation of 80 microgram of SCH 1000 (ipratropium bromide) and 5 mg of chlorpheniramine maleate. The provocation doses which produced a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) and the slopes of the dose-response curves were analyzed. SCH 1000 prevented methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction and chlorpheniramine prevented methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction. There was no significant change in the dose-response curve of histamine after SCH 1000 or in the dose-response curve of methacholine after chlorpheniramine. The findings indicate that the mechanisms and receptor sites involved in bronchial provocation by histamine and methacholine are distinctly different. The histamine response is unlikely to be vagally mediated because histamine-induced bronchoconstriction was not prevented by SCH 1000. Both SCH 1000 and chlorpheniramine caused significant bronchodilatation, suggesting the presence of both histamine- and vagal-dependent bronchomotor tone.     

HPLC法测定癌痛消方及其拆方中松脂醇二葡萄糖苷和芍药苷的含量

目的 建立癌痛消方及其拆方中松脂醇二葡萄糖苷和芍药苷的测定方法。方法 采用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶柱（Inertsil ODS-3柱 250×4.6 mm,5 μm）;流动相:乙腈-0.1%磷酸（15∶85）为流动相,进行梯度洗脱;检测波长:230 nm（0~16 min,松脂醇二葡萄糖苷）,277 nm（16~30 min,芍药苷）;流速:1.0 ml/min;柱温:30oC。结果 癌痛消-补虚组中松脂醇二葡萄糖苷在1.0~5.0 μg范围内呈现良好的线性关系,r=0.9992,平均回收率为97.23%（RSD=1.31%,n=6）;癌痛消-抑癌组中芍药苷在1.0~5.0 μg范围内呈现良好的线性关系,r=0.9993,平均回收率为97.08%（RSD=1.38%,n=6）;癌痛消-全方中松脂醇二葡萄糖苷在1.0~5.0 μg范围内呈现良好的线性关系,r=0.9992,平均回收率为98.01%（RSD=1.30%,n=6）;癌痛消-全方中芍药苷在1.0~5.0μg范围内呈现良好的线性关系,r=0.9993,平均回收率为96.97%（RSD=1.54%,n=6）;结论 本方法专属性强,准确度高,重现性良好,可用于癌痛消方的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定化淤生骨胶囊中人参皂苷Rg1和 人参皂苷Rb1的含量

目的 建立化淤生骨胶囊中人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Rb1的含量测定方法。方法 采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定。色谱柱为Kromasil-C18(5 μm、4.6 mm×250 mm),乙腈-水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长203 nm。结果 人参皂苷Rg1浓度在0.0522 mg/ml～0.8220 mg/ml范围内与峰面积的线性关系良好（γ=0.9994）; 人参皂苷Rb1浓度在0.0583 mg/ml～07830 mg/ml范围内与峰面积的线性关系良好（γ=0.9990）。结论 所建方法准确,重复性好,可用于测定化淤生骨胶囊中的人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Rb1。     

Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of chlorpheniramine in children

Chlorpheniramine is widely used, but there is very little information about its pharmacokinetics and efficacy in children. In 11 patients with allergic rhinitis, ages 6 to 16 yr, we found a mean serum chlorpheniramine half-life of 13.1 ± 6.3 hr, a mean volume of distribution of 7.0 ± 2.8 L/kg, and a mean clearance rate of 7.2 ± 3.2 ml/min/kg. Suppression of symptoms and signs of allergic rhinitis and suppression of the histamine-induced wheal and flare responses occurred when mean serum chlorpheniramine concentrations ranged from 2.3 to 12.1 and 4.1 to 10.0 ng/ml, respectively. This, combined with the large volume of distribution for the drug, suggests that tissue binding is an important aspect of chlorpheniramine pharmacokinetics.     

Acute effects of Asian dust events on respiratory symptoms and peak expiratory flow in children with mild asthma

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible adverse effects of Asian dust events on respiratory health in asthmatic children. Fifty-two children with mild asthma were studied for eight consecutive weeks in the spring of 2004 (March 8 to May 2). During the study period, five Asian dust days were identified; we included a lag period of two days following each of the events. Subjects recorded their respiratory symptom diaries and peak expiratory flow (PEF) twice daily during the study period; and they underwent methacholine bronchial challenge tests. The subjects reported a significantly higher frequency of respiratory symptoms during the Asian dust days than during the control days. They showed significantly more reduced morning and evening PEF values, and more increased PEF variability (10.1%+/-3.5% vs. 5.5%+/-2.2%) during the Asian dust days than during the control days. Methacholine PC(20) was not significantly different between before and after the study period (geometric mean: 2.82 mg/mL vs. 3.16 mg/mL). These results suggest that the short-term Asian dust events might be associated with increased acute respiratory symptoms and changes in PEF outcomes. However, there might be little long-term influence on airway hyperresponsiveness in children with mild asthma.     

Physiological variability of peak latency in evoked potentials: use of a property of asynchronous averaging

A method for estimating the physiological variability of peak latency in an evoked potential, of whom the peak latency and amplitude varied, by using the property of asynchronous averaging was proposed. A point estimate of the physiological variability was obtained by minimizing the mean square error between a standard waveform and the asynchronously averaged waveform. An interval estimate was obtained by using the relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio and the standard deviation of the point estimate for the variability of peak latency. The proposed method was evaluated by using simulation data, and was successfully applied to actual P300 data of six normal subjects. The method gave accurate estimates for the physiological variability of peak latency of P300, and would also be effectively applicable to any other evoked potential records for estimating the physiological variability.     

The relationship of saccadic peak velocity to latency: evidence for a new prosaccadic abnormality in schizophrenia

Antisaccades have not only longer latencies but also lower peak velocities than prosaccades. It is not known whether these latency and velocity differences are related. Studies of non-human primates suggest that prosaccade peak velocity declines as latency from target appearance increases. We examined whether a similar relationship between peak velocity and latency existed in human saccades, whether it accounted for the difference in peak velocity between antisaccades and prosaccades, and whether it was affected by schizophrenia, a condition that affects antisaccade performance. Sixteen control and 21 schizophrenia subjects performed prosaccade and antisaccade trials in the same test session. In both groups antisaccades had lower peak velocities than prosaccades. Latency did not influence the peak velocities of antisaccades in either subject group. At short latencies, the peak velocities of prosaccades were also similar in the two groups. However, while prosaccade peak velocities declined minimally with increasing latency in control subjects, those in the schizophrenia group declined significantly until they reached a value similar to antisaccade peak velocities. We conclude that, in normal subjects, the effect of latency on prosaccade peak velocity is minimal and cannot account for the lower velocity of antisaccades. In schizophrenia, we hypothesize that the latency-related decline in prosaccade peak velocity may reflect either an increased rate of decay of the effect of the transient visual signal at the saccadic goal, or a failure of the continuing presence of the target to sustain neural activity in the saccadic system.     

Interlaboratory evaluation of a multiplexed high information content in vitro genotoxicity assay

We previously described a multiplexed in vitro genotoxicity assay based on flow cytometric analysis of detergent‐liberated nuclei that are simultaneously stained with propidium iodide and labeled with fluorescent antibodies against p53, γH2AX, and phospho‐histone H3. Inclusion of a known number of microspheres provides absolute nuclei counts. The work described herein was undertaken to evaluate the interlaboratory transferability of this assay, commercially known as MultiFlow^® DNA Damage Kit—p53, γH2AX, Phospho‐Histone H3. For these experiments, seven laboratories studied reference chemicals from a group of 84 representing clastogens, aneugens, and nongenotoxicants. TK6 cells were exposed to chemicals in 96‐well plates over a range of concentrations for 24 hr. At 4 and 24 hr, cell aliquots were added to the MultiFlow reagent mix and following a brief incubation period flow cytometric analysis occurred, in most cases directly from a 96‐well plate via a robotic walk‐away data acquisition system. Multiplexed response data were evaluated using two analysis approaches, one based on global evaluation factors (i.e., cutoff values derived from all interlaboratory data), and a second based on multinomial logistic regression that considers multiple biomarkers simultaneously. Both data analysis strategies were devised to categorize chemicals as predominately exhibiting a clastogenic, aneugenic, or nongenotoxic mode of action (MoA). Based on the aggregate 231 experiments that were performed, assay sensitivity, specificity, and concordance in relation to a priori MoA grouping were ≥ 92%. These results are encouraging as they suggest that two distinct data analysis strategies can rapidly and reliably predict new chemicals’ predominant genotoxic MoA based on data from an efficient and transferable multiplexed in vitro assay. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 58:146–161, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

中国人群胎儿大脑中动脉峰值流速特点的研究

目的建立应用超声多谱勒技术测量各孕周胎儿大脑中动脉峰值血流速度(middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity,MCV-PSV)的正常值。方法对1197例次的胎儿进行各孕周大脑中动脉峰值血流速度进行测量,计算中位数,百分位数,1.5倍中位数(multiples of the median,MOM表示)。结果胎儿大脑中动脉峰值血流速度随着孕周增加而升高。结论利用这不同孕周正常值数据,算出1.5倍中位数值作为判断胎儿宫内贫血状态的指标。