经皮椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎体肿瘤的临床应用

目的探讨经皮椎体成形术（PVP）治疗胸腰椎体良恶性肿瘤的临床效果。方法应用经皮椎体成形术治疗15例18个椎体的良恶性肿瘤病变，其中转移性肿瘤9例12个椎体、血管瘤6例6个椎体。在C型臂X线机透视导向下经皮穿刺到病变椎体后注入骨水泥（2—7ml）观察止痛效果、有效率和并发症。结果PVP技术成功率100％，对各种椎体病变镇痛有效率达97％，随访3—6个月未见复发。PVP术后未有椎体塌陷加重或新的压缩发生，未见严重并发症。结论经皮椎体成形术技术安全可行，对胸腰椎等多数椎体行PVP只要在C型臂X线机监视下即可，PMMA使用方法容易掌握。     

经皮椎体成形术临床进展与评估

经皮椎体成形术（percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP)与经皮脊柱后凸成形术（percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)是近年脊柱外科发展的一项新型微创技术，经皮向压缩骨折椎体内注入骨水泥等新型填充物，增强骨折椎体的稳定性，减轻患椎疼痛。就PVP历史，适应证与禁忌证，影像介导与手术技巧，并发症预防与新材料研究，及其新发展作一综述。     

经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的护理

目的：探讨经皮椎体成形术（PVP）治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的护理。方法：对19例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者做好术前护理，加强术后病情的观察，防治并发症。结果：19例患者术后6～24h疼痛感明显减轻或消失，术后1周左右出院。有1例患者出现发热反应。结论：PVP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折具有疗效好、创伤小的优点。细密周到的护理对提高手术疗效具有重要的意义。     

经皮椎体成形术并发症及其预防措施

1987年Galibert等[1]首次报道并成功应用经皮椎体成形术（percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP）治疗颈2椎体血管瘤.经过不断的改进及发展,PVP在骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折和椎体肿瘤的治疗方面取得了满意的临床效果[2-3].其因微创特性和优越的临床疗效而被脊柱外科医师广泛应用.椎体成形术并发症分为术中和术后并发症,虽然其并发症发生率比较低,但与其相关的并发症仍时有报道.如何预防PVP并发症的发生一直是临床医师关注的课题.我们对经皮椎体成形术的并发症及预防措施综述如下.     

联合复位椎体成形术与椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折效果分析

目的:比较体位复位联合穿刺针撬拨复位经皮椎体成形术（percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP）与经皮椎体后凸成形术（percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP）治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折（osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,OVC...     

经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折30例护理

经皮椎体成形术（PVP）是一种在影像技术引导下的新脊柱外科微创手术。其方法是经皮穿刺向病变椎体内注射骨水泥（PMMA），以增加椎体强度，提高脊柱的稳定性，消除或减轻疼痛，预防椎体再骨折的发生。2002年8月。2004年11月，我院成功为30例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患实施经皮椎体成形术，效果满意。现将护理体会报告如下。     

中医协同椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折进展

我国至少有6944万人患骨质疏松症,2．1亿人低骨量,50岁以上的人群中骨质疏松症总患病率15．7％,这一比例还在逐步上升。在困扰中老年人身心健康的五大疾病中,骨质疏松症的患病率已位居榜首。作为骨质疏松症最常见的并发症——椎体压缩性骨折,更是现在医疗急需解决的重中之重。上世纪九十年代起开始运用经皮椎体成形术（percutaneous vertebro plasty,PVP）治疗椎体压缩性骨折,而后又相继出现经皮脊柱后凸成形术（percutaneous kypho plasty,PKP）、sky膨胀式椎体成形系统（sky bone expender system）椎体成形术。     

PVP和PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折疗效观察及护理

目的：探讨经皮椎体成形术（PVP）和经皮椎体后凸成形术（PKP）治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的近期疗效及护理方法。方法：将86例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者根据治疗方法分为PVP组37例和PKP组49例。对两组患者住院时间、住院费用、卧床时间、患者满意度、并发症发生率、治疗前后的疼痛视觉评分（VAS）进行比较并总结护理方法。结果：两组治疗前及出院时VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;PVP组骨水泥渗漏率高于PKP组（P〈0.05）,治疗费用低于PKP组（P〈0.01）。结论：PKP组与PVP组相比骨水泥渗漏率低、对患者经济状况要求高。     

CT引导下经皮穿刺椎体成形术应用研究

目的：观察经皮穿刺椎体成形术（PVP）在良、恶性椎体病变中的疗效、并发症及随访结果，探讨相关机理。方法：在CT定位下PVP治疗患者86例，采用疼痛调查表进行疗效评估，定期随访及影像学复查。结果：良性病变94.7%有效且长期效果稳定。转移瘤87.7%有效且3个月不变，4-6个月降到75.4%。发现19.8%有新骨形成或重新骨化现象。并发症少，轻微且易于处理。结论：PVP治疗椎体溶骨性或钙缺铁性病变疗效好且稳定，良性优于恶性。PVP有抑制肿瘤生长及促进骨生成作用，机理复杂可能是多种因素综合作用的结果。PVP适用范围广、操作简单、疗效确实、不良反应少，可进一步推广应用。     

球囊扩张椎体后凸形成术治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折

经皮椎体成形术（PVP）和经皮椎体后凸成形术（PK）为治疗老年人骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折安全有效方法。PVP对脊柱后凸畸形作用差,PKP对严重后凸畸形椎体前中柱重建效果不理想且操作复杂,价格昂贵。作者2006年3月~2008年5月用球囊扩张行椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折35例（39椎）,     

Prevalence and severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and effect of vitamin supplementation.

OBJECTIVE: Although nausea and vomiting of pregnancy is the most common medical condition during pregnancy, there are many unanswered questions regarding its cause, epidemiologic features and optimal management. The objectives of this study were to ascertain the prevalence of nausea and vomiting in a sample of Canadian women, to characterize the distribution of their severity and to investigate the role of vitamin B6 deficiency in their etiology. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Antenatal counselling service for pregnant women. PATIENTS: Three cohorts of women: a prospective, population-based cohort of 193 women, to estimate the rate and severity of nausea and vomiting (cohort A); a cohort of 555 women who sought advice for nausea with or without vomiting, to study the correlation between the maximal daily number of episodes of vomiting and maximal weight loss (cohort B); and a prospective cohort of 301 women who reported vomiting, to correlate vitamin supplementation with vomiting (cohort C). INTERVENTIONS: All 3 cohorts were interviewed during the counselling session, and cohort B was followed up prospectively. OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequency of nausea and vomiting, weight loss, maximal number of daily episodes of vomiting, rate of multivitamin supplementation. RESULTS: Overall, 67% of the women in cohort A reported experiencing nausea or vomiting, or both; 22% reported vomiting, and 9% experienced weight loss. In cohort B there was a significant correlation between the maximal number of daily episodes of vomiting and maximal weight loss, although there was wide variation (r2 = 0.25, p < 0.001). There was a highly significant correlation between the number of daily vomiting episodes and mean weight loss (r2 = 0.99). In cohort C, vomiting was significantly associated with lack of supplementation with multivitamins before 6 weeks' gestation (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The relation between number of daily vomiting episodes and mean weight loss may serve as a clinical tool to assess the severity of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and the success of anti-emetics and rehydration regimens. Further study is needed to elucidate the biologic basis of the observed association between vomiting and lack of multivitamin supplementation in early pregnancy.     

城乡居民高血压与饮食习惯的调查分析

心血管疾病是我国的多发病和人群的主要死亡原因之一,而高血压已成为中老年人的常见病,是冠心病、脑卒中最主要的危险因素,已成为世界性公共卫生问题[1].随着我国经济的发展及人们生活水平的日益提高,我国在1958年、1979年、1991年分别进行了全国性的高血压普查,结果表明,我国高血压患病率在持续上升,且上升速度逐年加快[2].由于文化程度、生活习惯以及信息来源不足的差异也是导致城居民高血压患病率持续上升的重要原因,因此指导城乡居民进行合理的饮食,对预防高血压的发生、发展有着重要的意义.     

骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的CT及MRI表现:9例报告并文献复习

目的探讨骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的CT及MRI表现。方法收集手术病理证实的9例骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的临床及影像学资料,9例术前8例接受CT扫描,3例接受MRI检查。结果9例中骨脂肪瘤6例,骨血管脂肪瘤3例。6例骨脂肪瘤发生于骨内4例,骨旁2例。骨内脂肪瘤跟骨1例,距骨1例,眶骨1例,肱骨1例。骨旁脂肪瘤颅骨1例,股骨1例。骨血管脂肪瘤发生于肋骨1例,颅骨1例,椎骨1例。骨内脂肪瘤CT显示病变骨质呈轻度膨胀性改变,边缘见轻度硬化环,病灶内见脂肪密度及条弧形、结节状钙化,MRI显示病灶T1WI呈高信号,PDWI及T2WI抑脂序列呈低信号。骨旁脂肪瘤CT呈不均匀高密度团块,MRI显示病灶T1WI呈高信号,T1WI及T2WI抑脂序列呈低信号。3例骨血管脂肪瘤CT显示病变骨质呈显著膨胀性改变,骨破坏边缘及内部见多发骨嵴及粗大骨小梁,高密度骨针呈放射状、簇状或不规则排列。结论骨内脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤CT及MRI表现均以脂肪成分为主要特征,骨旁脂肪瘤CT以骨化性团块为特征,骨血管脂肪瘤骨质膨胀性改变较骨内脂肪瘤显著,病灶边缘及中心以多发骨嵴及粗大骨小梁为特征。      

城乡居民高血压与饮食习惯的调查分析

心血管疾病是我国的多发病和人群的主要死亡原因之一,而高血压已成为中老年人的常见病,是冠心病、脑卒中最主要的危险因素,已成为世界性公共卫生问题。随着我国经济的发展及人们生活水平的日益提高,我国在1958年、1979年、1991年分别进行了全国性的高血压普查,结果表明,我国高血压患病率在持续上升,且上升速度逐年加快。由于文化程度、生活习惯以及信息来源不足的差异也是导致城居民高血压患病率持续上升的重要原因,因此指导城乡居民进行合理的饮食,对预防高血压的发生、发展有着重要的意义。     

Attitude differences of volunteers and nonvolunteers and of susceptible and nonsusceptible hypnotic subjects

A form of the Semantic Differential, containing 9 concepts related to hypnosis and research, was administered to 96 hypnotically inexperienced male Ss. The Ss were later asked to volunteer for a hypnotic experiment, and the hypnotic susceptibility of all volunteers (N = 51) was then determined. Semantic Differential responses of volunteers and nonvolunteers and of highly susceptible and unhyp-notizable Ss were compared. Differences between groups, in both comparisons, were generally not statistically significant, a finding which suggests that there is no simple relationship between paper-and-pencil measures of attitudes and volunteering for hypnotic experiments or hypnotizability.