浙江省流动人口生存质量及影响因素分析

目的 了解浙江省流动人口生存质量及其影响因素.方法 采用分层抽样的方法,依据WHO生存质量测定量表(WHOQOL-BREF量表)测定浙江省1217名流动人口和1387名常住人口的生存质量,拟合多元线性回归模型分析流动人口生存质量的影响因素.结果 流动人口与常住人口在生理领域、社会关系领域和总的健康状况方面差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但在心理领域、环境领域得分及总的生存质量低于常住人口(3.5±0.8 vs 3.6±0.8).影响流动人口心理领域得分的因素为文化程度、家庭摩擦和食欲;影响流动人口环境领域得分的因素为平均每天工作时间和食欲.结论 流动人口生存质量虽然已有所改善,但部分领域的得分依然较低,尤其需重点关注心理和环境领域.     

职业病患者生存质量影响因素研究

目的 了解职业病患者生存质量现况及其影响因素.方法 从2009年7月至12月,在武汉市职业病防治院收集确诊的职业病患者,采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表中文版(WHOQOL-BREF)评价其生存质量,通过拟合多元线性回归模型来分析各因素与量表4个领域得分的关系.结果 职业病患者生理领域得分为(11.5±2.7)分、...     

火车司机生活质量及心理健康状况调查

目的 了解火车司机的生存质量、心理健康状况以及两者的关系.方法 采用整群抽样方法,抽取参加体检的230名火车司机,用世界卫生组织生活质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)中文版及症状自评量表(SCL-90)对火车司机进行测评,并进行统计分析.结果 WHOQOL-BREF测评结果表明,火车司机的生理、心理、社会关系、环境领域得分均低于社区人群(P<0.01);SCL-90各因子分为躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性得分均高于常模(P<0.01),WHOQOL-BREF各领域分与SCL-90各因子分呈负相关(P<0.01);SCL-90及WHOQOL-BREF的各因子得分与工龄、年龄及文化程度无关(P>0.05).结论 火车司机生存质量及心理健康水平均低于普通人群,其心理健康状况影响生存质量.     

上海市某街道外来流动人口生存质量的现况研究

目的了解上海市某街道外来流动人口生存质量的现况。方法通过系统抽样的方法抽取480名外来流动人口,采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表中文版(WHOQOL-BREF)对其生存质量进行调查,拟合多元线性回归模型来分析各因素与量表四个领域得分的关系。结果外来流动人口生理领域得分为(14.09±2.09)分、心理领域得分为(11.28±2.18)分,均低于全国一般水平,分别为(15.8±2.9)分、(14.3±2 5)分。女性社会关系得分高于男性(P=0.017),生理领域、心理领域得分随年龄增加而降低(生理领域P=0.030、心理领域P=0.023),各领域得分随家庭摩擦对生活影响程度加深而减少(P<0.01),随食欲增加而增加(P<0.01)。结论年轻女性的生存质量较高,但是从外来流动人口总体生存质量状况来看,更需重视他们的生理和心理方面的需求。     

夜班护士WHOQOL-BREF量表测试及信、效度评价

目的 对中文版世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)应用于夜班护士健康生命质量评价时的信度和效度进行验证.方法 采用整群随机抽样方法对在天津市1所三级甲等医院抽取的385名夜班护士进行中文版WHOQOL-BREF问卷调查;采用分半信度、Cronbach's α系数和各领域得分与总分间的相关系数评价量表的信度,采用内容效度、区分效度、结构效度和判别效度评价量表的效度.结果 中文版WHOQOL-BREF量表的分半信度和Cronbach's α系数分别为0.77和0.91;生理、心理、社会关系和环境4个领域的分半信度为0.61 ～0.72,Cronbach's α系数为0.75 ～0.78,各领域得分与总分的相关系数为0.72 ～0.84(P ＜0.001),量表的内部一致性较好;除生理领域外,每个条目与所属领域总分的相关系数均＞0.50,且高于该条目与其他领域的相关系数(P ＜0.001),量表具有较好的内容效度和区分效度;因子分析结果表明,24个条目在提取的6个公因子中的分布与量表的理论结构假设大体一致,方差累积贡献率为60.76％,量表具有较好的结构效度;不同年龄、工作年限、文化程度夜班护士生理和心理领域得分不同(P＜0.01),量表具有良好的判别效度.结论 中文版WHOQOL-BREF量表具有较好的信度和效度,适用于夜班护士健康生命质量的评价.     

WHOQOL-BREF量表用于精神分裂症和抑郁症的信效度研究

目的 分析世界卫生组织生存质量简表(WHOQOL-BREF)中文版应用于精神分裂症和抑郁症患者的信度和效度.方法 对204例符合CCMD-3中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准的门诊/住院精神病患者进行WHOQOL-BREF问卷调查,采用Cronbach'sα系数和Split-half系数评价量表的内部一致性信度,采用Pearson相关、探索性因子分析等评价其效度.结果 WHOQOl-BREF的Cronbach' sα系数为0.88,Split-half系数为0.82.生理、心理、社会、环境4个领域的Cronbach's α系数分别为0.53、0.54、0.57、0.78.除个别条目外,各条目与其所属的领域的相关系数均＞0.40(均有P＜0.05), 且高于该条目与其他领域的相关系数.因子分析提取了6个因子,总解释方差的累积贡献率为62.47％,各领域的构成与理论结构基本一致.结论 WHOQOL-BREF有较好信度和效度,但领域的信度系数偏低,应进一步研究用于精神分裂症和抑郁症患者生命质量测定的适用性量表.     

孤独症患儿家庭环境及父母生存质量分析

目的探讨孤独症儿童的家庭环境以及父母生存质量现况,为改善其家庭环境提供依据。方法采用家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV),对47例孤独症患儿和47例正常儿童进行家庭环境的病例对照研究,主要评价家庭环境中的亲密度、情感表达、矛盾性、知识性、娱乐性5个因子。采用WHO生存质量简表(WHOQOL-BREF),进行父母生存质量调查。内容包括生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域、环境领域4个方面。结果孤独症儿童家庭环境的亲密度、知识性、娱乐性3个因子得分均明显低于正常儿童家庭,而矛盾性因子得分高于正常儿童家庭。孤独症儿童父母的生存质量在生理、心理、社会关系、环境4个领域中都明显低于正常组父母。结论孤独症儿童的家庭环境、父母生存质量受到了明显的影响,应进一步完善孤独症康复服务体系,为患儿及其家庭成员提供更多的支持和帮助。     

某部队生命质量研究预调查结果分析

目的:为应急机动作战部队生命质量和影响因素研究正式调查进行前期理论、方法和基础资料的准备。方法:采用自制问卷及世界卫生组织生命质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)对某军区某应急机动部队215名指战员进行问卷调查。结果:WHOQOL-BREF量表中文版可接受性良好,用于测量应急机动部队生命质量信度、效度较好。应急机动部队指战员的生命质量中等。影响应急机动部队指战员生命质量的主要因素有:自述健康、兵源地、兵种和是否独生子女,相互之间生命质量得分的差别均有统计学意义。结论:WHOQOL-BREF量表中文版完全适用于应急机动部队生命质量评估。应急机动部队指战员的生命质量存在差异,应根据不同情况采取针对性措施加以改善。     

军人亚健康症状测评量表编制

目的：研制军人亚健康症状测评量表。测定亚健康症状评定量表与世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表（WHOQOL-BREF下同）相关性、效度和信度关系。方法：采用同一人回答二份量表方式,同时调查了270例军人生存质量与亚健康症状携带状况,通过研究WHOQOL-BREF与自制亚健康症状评定量表同质性,调查与测评以证明后者有效性。结果：亚健康症状评定量表具有与WHOQOL-BREF同等的信度与效度。为中国军人人亚健康症状评定的可靠工具。     

西昌市少数民族地区彝族居民搬迁后生活质量研究

目的了解西昌市少数民族地区彝族居民搬迁后生活质量的现状。方法通过单纯随机抽样的方法抽取120名彝族居民,采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表中文版(WHOQOL-BREF)对其生存质量进行测量,采用多元线性回归模型分析各因素与量表四个领域得分的关系。结果彝族居民生活质量各领域得分为:生理领域(13.23±1.99)、心理领域(13.12±1.91)、社会关系领域(14.63±2.60)、环境领域(14.22±2.98)。生理领域和心理领域得分均低于全国一般水平(P0.001);已搬迁居民环境领域及对生活质量总的主观感受得分均高于未搬迁居民(P0.05)。心理领域得分女性高于男性(P=0.033),生理领域得分随年龄的增加而降低(P=0.014)。结论年轻女性的生活质量较高,但从已搬迁彝族居民总体生活质量来看,在生理和心理领域方面低于全国一般人群,需要给予更多的关注。     

Development of the Korean versions of WHO Quality of Life scale and WHOQOL-BREF

The purpose of this study was to develop the Korean version of World Health Organization Quality of Life study assessment instrument (WHOQOL) and WHOQOL-BREF, an abbreviated version of WHOQOL and to identify contributing factors in the quality of life of Koreans. The WHOQOL and WHOQOL-BREF were translated into colloquial Korean according to instructions of the WHOQOL study group. Then the Korean questionnaire was applied to 538 subjects, composed of 171 medical patients and 367 healthy subjects who volunteered to rate the scale. Finally, 486 subjects completed the rating. Collected data were analyzed statistically. The Korean version of WHOQOL and WHOQOL-BREF domain scores demonstrated good test–retest reliability, internal consistency, criterion validity, content validity and discriminant validity. The physical, psychological, social and environmental domains made a significant contribution to explaining the variance in the quality of life while the independence and spiritual domains made a lesser contribution. The domain scores produced by the WHOQOL-BREF correlated highly with the WHOQOL. The physical health domain contributed most in overall quality of life, while the social domain made the least contribution. These results suggest that the Korean version of WHOQOL and WHOQOL-BREF are valid and reliable in the assessment of quality of life and that physical domain is contributing most and social and spiritual factors are contributing least to the quality of life in Koreans.     

Quality of life in the Danish general population – normative data and validity of WHOQOL-BREF using Rasch and item response theory models

BACKGROUND: The main objective of this study was to investigate the construct validity of the WHOQOL-BREF by use of Rasch and Item Response Theory models and to examine the stability of the model across high/low scoring individuals, gender, education, and depressive illness. Furthermore, the objective of the study was to estimate the reference data for the quality of life questionnaire WHOQOL-BREF in the general Danish population and in subgroups defined by age, gender, and education. METHODS: Mail-out-mail-back questionnaires were sent to a randomly selected sample of the Danish general population. The response rate was 68.5%, and the sample reported here contained 1101 respondents: 578 women and 519 men (four respondents did not indicate their genders). RESULTS: Each of the four domains of the WHOQOL-BREF scale fitted a two-parameter IRT model, but did not fit the Rasch model. Due to multidimensionality, the total score of 26 items fitted neither model. Regression analysis was carried out, showing a level of explained variance of between 10 and 14%. The mean scores of the WHOQOL-BREF are reported as normative data for the general Danish population. CONCLUSION: The profile of the four WHOQOL-BREF domains is a more adequate expression of quality of life than the total score of all 26 items. Although none of the subscales are statistically sufficient measures of their domains, the profile scores seem to be adequate approximations to the optimal score.     

Using WHOQOL-BREF to evaluate quality of life among Turkish elders in different residential environments

Objective  This study used the Brief Version of The World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) to assess and compare the quality of life in older people who live at home and older people who live in public assisted-living facilities for the elderly. Design  Cross-sectional. Setting  Data were collected by a research nurse in each home and in the assisted living facility. Participants  Participants were 60 years old and older. The sample included 37 people who were living in a public assisted-living facility and 37 elderly people living in their own homes. Measurement  The WHOQOL-BREF was used to measure participants’ quality of life. Results  The groups were similar according to gender, literacy, existence of chronic diseases, and general perceived health. However, quality of life scores for social relationships and environment domains were lower in those living in an assisted living facility than those living in their own homes. The scores for elderly females staying in the assisted living facility were lower compared to the scores of males in the facility. Conclusion  The results suggest that social and environmental domains of life quality are low in elderly assisted living facilities. Social activities should be diversified for elderly people staying in assisted living facilities to improve social relationships. Physical and psychological health of females in assisted living facilities should be comprehensively supported by professionals. Alternatively, elderly people may be professionally supported to live in their own homes.     

Comparison of WHOQOL-BREF and SF-36 in patients with HIV infection

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the two generic instruments, the WHOQOL and the SF-36, for assessing health-related quality of life in 224 patients with HIV infection. The internal consistency ranged from 0.75 to 0.86 across the WHOQOL-BREF domains and from 0.72 to 0.93 across the SF-36 scales. The scores of all WHOQOL-BREF domains and SF-36 scales correlated positively with the measure of happiness, Sat-HRQOL and self-perceived health status, and correlated negatively with the number and intensity of symptoms. Patients with higher CD4 cell counts scored significantly higher on G4 (general health), three WHOQOL-BREF domains, seven SF-36 scales, and PCS (physical component summary). Patients with fewer symptoms and with less intensity of symptoms had significantly higher scores on all four domains of WHOQOL-BREF, eight scales, PCS, and MCS (mental component summary) of the SF-36 scale. The correlations between the physical, psychological, and social domains of the WHOQOL-BREF and PF (physical functioning), MH (mental health), and SF (social functioning) of the SF-36 were 0.51, 0.75, and 0.54, respectively. There is also good correlation between PCS of the SF-36 and the physical domain of the WHOQOL-BREF (r = 0.48), and between MCS and all four domains of the WHOQOL-BREF (r range = 0.60–0.75). The WHOQOL-BREF domains showed fewer floor or ceiling effect than the SF-36 scales. We concluded that both the WHOQOL-BREF and the SF-36 are reliable and valid health related quality-of-life instruments in patients with HIV infection.     

肝硬化患者社会支持与生活质量的相关性研究

目的了解肝硬化住院患者的社会支持和生活质量状况，分析影响其生活质量的因素，为临床医疗与护理干预提供依据。方法采用生活质量量表和社会支持评定量表对112例肝硬化住院患者的生活质量和社会支持状况进行调查。结果肝硬化患者的社会支持与生活质量、成正相关，其生活质量总分及各维度得分均低于常模。肝硬化患者获得的社会支持总分较正常人低，社会支持主要来源于配偶（90．10％），其次是家庭（78．6％）。而其希望得到社会支持的对象分别为医护人员、配偶及家人、亲戚朋友。结论帮助肝硬化患者建立有效的社会支持系统，对提高其生活质量有重要意义。     

罕见病患者社会支持与生命质量的关系研究

目的:利用2016年中国罕见病群体生存状况调查数据,通过分析罕见病患者生命质量各维度现状及其与社会支持的关系,为完善罕见病患者社会保障政策提供参考。方法:评价工具采用WHOQOL-BREF量表,运用滚雪球抽样调查方法,通过网络和电话调查方式收集数据,采用t检验分析与中国常模数据进行比较,并使用线性回归模型考察非正式、正式社会支持与罕见病患者生命质量的关系。结果:罕见病患者生命质量的各维度得分(生理、心理、社会、环境领域)均显著低于中国常模正常组和疾病组的生命质量评价得分,说明罕见病对居民的生命质量负面影响显著。非正式和正式社会支持与罕见病患者生命质量相关,非正式社会支持水平越高,患者各领域的生命质量越好;曾接受过社会帮扶的患者,心理领域和社会领域的生活质量水平高于未曾接受的患者。结论:改善患者的社会支持水平,完善罕见病的社会保障政策,对提高患者的生命福祉有一定的意义。     

郴州市大学生生活质量研究

目的 了解大学生生活质量及其影响因素。方法 采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)对郴州市两所高校687名大学生进行问卷调查。结果 男生在社会关系领域得分高于女生，在环境领域得分低于女生；自述健康大学生在总的生存质量和总的健康状况及其它各领域得分均高于自述非健康学生；来自城市的学生在社会关系领域、环境领域得分高于农村学生；医学生在生理领域得分低于师范生。结论 大学生的生活质量存在差异，应采取针对性措施改善大学生的生活质量。     

Development and validation of a WHOQOL-BREF Taiwanese audio player-assisted interview version for the elderly who use a spoken dialect

A quality of life questionnaire is rarely adapted to an interview mode for people who mainly use spoken language in daily life. In Taiwan, the WHOQOL-BREF (Mandarin Chinese version) has been developed, as a self-administered questionnaire, but it cannot be applied to the majority of the elderly in Taiwan, who speak only Taiwanese (a dialect). This study adopted the audio player-assisted interview mode to develop a Taiwanese version of the WHOQOL-BREF specifically for Taiwanese-speaking elderly people, and followed with examinations of the reliability and validity of this version. Initially, the WHOQOL-BREF (English version) was translated into colloquial Taiwanese, and field tests confirmed the equivalence and appropriateness of the translation. A total of 228 Taiwanese-speaking elderly people were assessed using the Taiwanese interview version, of which 144 subjects were re-assessed two weeks later. Interviewers assessed each subject aided by an audio player on which all the translated WHOQOL-BREF contents were recorded. The Taiwanese interview version of the WHOQOL-BREF, except for the item related to dependence on medication, showed acceptable reliability (internal consistency, corrected item-domain correlation, and test–retest reliability) and validity (criterion-related, convergent, and discriminant validity). Confirmatory factor analyses supported the four-factor model of the Taiwanese interview version, providing evidence for construct validity. The results suggest that the Taiwanese audio player-assisted interview version of the WHOQOL-BREF was reliable and valid in assessing quality of life of elderly Taiwanese.     

应用SF-36量表测定中国云南和泰国南部肺结核患者效果分析

目的探讨SF-36量表描述中国和泰国肺结核患者生命质量的效果。方法利用SF-36量表对中、泰两国肺结核病患者进行面对面的自评调查。结果在对两国肺结核病患者测定中,SF-36量表各领域中多数领域间的相关系数＞0.5。中国肺结核病患者SF-36量表各领域Cronbach‘sα系数均＞0.7,泰国肺结核病患者除活力和社会关系两个领域外,其他领域Cronbach‘s α系数均≥0.7。泰国肺结核病患者在社会领域中的得分高于中国患者。结论中、泰两国肺结核病患者生命质量测评中SF-36量表各维度结构效度不够理想,部分领域存在交叉重叠。但SF-36量表测评中国和泰国肺结核病患者生命质量时,有较好的信度。