微波照射对声带息肉术后伤口肿胀的影响

目的:探讨微波照射对声带息肉术后伤口肿胀的影响,让术后患者尽早进行嗓音训练以巩固手术效果。方法:将条件相同的行显微喉镜手术的88例声带息肉患者随机分为两组,试验组44例,对照组44例。对照组采用常规声带息肉术后护理方法,试验组在常规方法的基础上增加微波照射护理。并于手术前、手术后2周分别收集嗓音障碍指数(VHI-10),MDVP软件收集声学信号并分析声学参数:频率微扰(jitter)、振幅微扰(shimmer)等,以及术后2周频闪喉镜检查收集图像参数分析伤口恢复情况,进行统计分析。结果:试验组与对照组手术后2周患者的VHI-10及jitter、shimmer参数分别小于术前的参数,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组中术前、术后VHI-10、jitter、shimmer的变化差值均大于对照组,jitter、shimmer的变化差值在两组间有显著性差异(P<0.05),VHI-10的变化在两组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但试验组也有VHI-10更大下降的趋势;试验组与对照组术前的VHI-10、jitter及shimmer间的比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组患者伤口临床愈合好的例数多余对照组,两组间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:微波照射对声带息肉术后伤口肿胀有一定效果,可以作为声带息肉显微喉镜术后的重要护理方法之一。     

支撑喉镜与纤维喉镜下手术治疗声带息肉的效果及安全性比较

目的 对比分析支撑喉镜与纤维喉镜下手术治疗声带息肉的效果及安全性。方法 选择82例声带息肉患者,按随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,各41例。对照组行纤维喉镜下声带息肉切除术,观察组行支撑喉镜下声带息肉切除术。对比两组患者的临床疗效、临床指标、声带功能指标[振幅微扰(shimmer)、基频微扰(jitter)、标准化噪声能量(NNE)]及并发症发生情况。结果 观察组总有效率为95.12%,高于对照组的78.05%(P<0.05);观察组术中出血量少于对照组,嗓音恢复时间、住院时间短于对照组(均P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为2.44%,低于对照组的21.95%(P<0.05);术后14 d,两组患者的shimmer、Jitter、NNE均较术前降低,且观察组上述指标水平低于对照组(均P<0.05)。两组手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 与纤维喉镜下手术相比,支撑喉镜下声带息肉切除术治疗声带息肉效果更好,手术创伤较小且并发症少,可有效保护患者声带功能,促进嗓音恢复。     

嗓音声学分析在电子喉镜手术疗效评估中的应用

目的 探讨电子喉镜手术前后声学参数的变化与手术疗效的关系。方法 采用Dr,Speech 3.0软件,对329例声带息肉、声带小结患者于电子喉镜手术术前及术后10 d、20 d、30 d分别发稳态元音[ ]、[i:]、[a:],并进行声学测试,与已建立的正常嗓音和病理嗓音数据库进行分析比较,从而判断电子喉镜手术的疗效。结果 在329例声带小结、声带息肉患者中,其主要的声学参数基频微扰(jitter)、振幅微扰(shimmer)及噪音能量(NNE)手术以后均明显较术前降低(P<0.05),尤以NNE的敏感性最高。结论jitter、shimmer、NNE值的变化对手术疗效的观察与评判有较大的临床价值。     

喉显微外科技术的临床应用及疗效评价

目的　探讨不同的手术方法对喉部良性病变术后发声功能及嗓音质量的疗效。方法　 1997～ 2 0 0 2年东南大学附属中大医院耳鼻咽喉科应用喉显微外科技术治疗喉部各种良性病变 (声带小结、声带息肉、声带囊肿、Reinke水肿等 ) ,分别采用咬除、切除、显微黏膜瓣法切除病变 ;对其中的 60例声带息肉患者行前瞻性研究 ,将其随机分为 3组 ,分别采取 3种不同术式 ,于术前、术后 1周、术后 1个月进行喉镜检查及嗓音声学参数检测频率微扰 (jitter ,正常 <0 .5 % )、振幅微扰 (shimmer ,正常 <3 % )和标准化噪声能量 (normalizednoiseenergy ,NNE ,正常 <-10dB) 3种声学参数分析。结果　术后 1个月纤维喉镜检查及频率微扰、振幅微扰和NNE 3种声学参数检测分析显示 ,显微黏膜瓣法组嗓音恢复优于咬除法组和切除法组。结论　喉显微外科技术是治疗喉部良性病变并且能最大限度保留声带发声功能的重要手术方法 ,尤其以显微黏膜瓣法值得提倡     

嗓音治疗对声带息肉患者嗓音显微手术后的疗效观察

目的 评价嗓音治疗对声带息肉患者嗓音显微手术后的临床疗效。 方法 实验组55例声带息肉患者嗓音显微手术后进行3个月嗓音治疗。动态喉镜、嗓音障碍指数量表(voice handicap index,VHI)、嗓音障碍严重指数(dysphonia severity index,DSI)评估患者手术前后主客观嗓音障碍。对照组41例声带息肉患者嗓音显微手术后未进行嗓音治疗,手术前后同样进行动态喉镜、VHI、DSI评估。应用SPSS 15.0统计软件,采用独立样本t检验比较实验组与对照组手术前及术后随访的组间VHI、DSI差异,Mann-Whitney U检验比较实验组与对照组手术前及术后随访的组间动态喉镜差异,配对样本t检验比较实验组、对照组手术前后的组内VHI、DSI差异,Wilcoxon符号秩检验比较实验组、对照组手术前后的组内动态喉镜差异,P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果 实验组与对照组的手术前及术后随访的黏膜波、声门闭合差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),实验组、对照组手术前后的黏膜波、声门闭合差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。实验组与对照组术前VHI、最长发声时间(MPT)、基频微扰(Jitter)、最高音频(F₀-High)、最低声强(I-Low)、DSI等差异无统计学意义。2组术后VHI各值均较术前改善,并且实验组术后VHI各值均低于对照组。术后实验组Jitter值低于对照组。实验组术后Jitter、I-Low、DSI值均较术前改善。对照组术后Jitter、DSI值较术前改善。 结论 动态喉镜、VHI和DSI能够综合评估声带息肉患者嗓音显微手术前后的临床主客观嗓音障碍,嗓音治疗对患者术后的主观自我嗓音评价及发声稳定性有改善作用。      

良性喉疾病的声学参数分析

目的分析慢性单纯性喉炎、声带小结、声带息肉患者的声学参数,探讨嗓音声学分析对喉疾病的诊断价值。方法采用计算机嗓音声学测试系统(Dr.Speech Science for Windows软件)对50例嗓音正常人(对照组)及80例良性喉疾病患者(患者组)进行嗓音声学检测,对其基频微扰(jitter)、振幅微扰(shimmer)、标准化噪声能量(NNE)进行比较分析。结果慢性单纯性喉炎、声带小结、声带息肉三类喉疾病患者的各参数平均值均较对照组平均值不同程度升高,各参数差别均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。声带小结jitter、shimmer值与慢性单纯性喉炎比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而NNE值差异有统计学意义(t=-3.467,P<0.01)。声带息肉的jitter、shimmer、NNE参数值与慢性单纯性喉炎参数值比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。声带息肉shimmer、NNE值与声带小结参数值相比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而jitter值差异无统计学意义(t=-1.133,P>0.05)。结论嗓音声学分析对诊断慢性单纯性喉炎、声带小结、声带息肉有价值。     

吸烟、饮酒对嗓音及喉部的不同影响

目的探讨吸烟、饮酒对嗓音及喉部的不同影响。方法用美国Kay公司多维嗓音分析软件(MDVP)对健康成年男性80名吸烟者、80名饮酒者、40名对照者进行嗓音声学分析,记录纤维喉镜下喉部的表现。结果吸烟组基频微扰(jitter)、振幅微扰(shimmer)、噪谐比(NHR)均较对照组升高,差异有统计学意义;吸烟组和对照组比较,在声带充血、声带黏膜干燥两项中差异有统计学意义;并且烟龄越长,差异越明显。饮酒组酒龄较长组jitter、shimmer、NHR较对照组升高,差异有统计学意义;饮酒组和对照组比较,在披裂充血肥厚中差异有统计学意义,并且酒龄越长,差异越明显。结论吸烟和长期饮酒对嗓音有影响;吸烟和饮酒对喉的不同部位影响不同;烟龄、酒龄越长,影响越大。     

嗓音障碍性疾病患者应用VHI评估与嗓音声学分析的比较

目的 探讨嗓音障碍指数(voice handicap index,VHI)用于嗓音障碍性疾病患者自我评估的临床意义及与声学参数间的相关性.方法 对嗓音障碍性患者114例(患者组) 及嗓音正常者40例(对照组)采用多维嗓音软件(multi dimensional voice program,MDVP)进行嗓音声学分析和VHI调查,嗓音声学分析指标包括基频、基频微扰、振幅微扰、噪声/谐和比(noise to harmonic ratio,NHR),VHI 调查包括功能(function,F) 、生理(physiology,P) 、情感(emotion,E) 3个范畴,记录3方面得分及总分(total scores of the VHI,TVH ) 分值.结果 患者组的基频微扰、振幅微扰、NHR 均高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);患者组与对照组间VHI差异有统计学意义(P<0 01).VHI中P与E之间(r=0.863),F与TVH之间(r=0.818)、P与TVH之间(r=0.929)、E与TVH之间(r=0.910)均有良好相关性(P<0.01);VHI各范畴与嗓音各参数之间无显著相关性(P＞0.05).结论 临床上不能以嗓音声学分析为标准来预测主观评估结果;VHI可用于主观反映患者的嗓音障碍程度.     

清喉利咽颗粒联合金嗓散结丸对声带息肉术后发声障碍患者嗓音恢复的影响

目的观察清喉利咽颗粒联合金嗓散结丸对声带息肉术后发声障碍患者嗓音恢复的影响。方法选取2018年3月至2019年3月本院收治的80例支撑喉镜下声带息肉摘除术后发声障碍病例作为研究对象,按照入院顺序对其编号,分为对照组(奇数号)与观察组(偶数号),每组40例。对照组术后给予常规西药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予清喉利咽颗粒联合金嗓散结丸治疗,比较两组治疗前后中医症候积分、嗓音障碍指数(VHI)、计算机嗓音分析结果、临床疗效与不良反应发生率。结果观察组治疗总有效率为90.00%,明显高于对照组的72.50%(P<0.05);观察组各中医症候积分、VHI量表中E、P、F、T评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05),基频微扰、振幅微扰及声门噪声能量明显优于对照组(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论清喉利咽颗粒联合金嗓散结丸可有效改善声带息肉术后发声障碍患者临床症状,减轻发声障碍,促进嗓音恢复,且不良反应少。     

不同手术方式对声带息肉术后嗓音功能的影响

目的 比较支撑喉镜下CO2激光和常规喉显微器械切除声带息肉患者的术后嗓音恢复情况,探讨其对术后嗓音功能的影响.方法 将2010年9-12月行支撑喉镜下声带息肉CO2激光切除术的患者(激光组),与2009年同期行喉显微器械声带息肉切除术的患者(喉显微器械组)进行病例回顾性对照研究,比较两种手术方法术后1周的疗效及在频闪喉镜下的声带状况、嗓音分析状况.结果 术后1周激光组频闪喉镜下声门闭合、声带波动幅度、嗓音分析基频微扰及噪声能量均不及喉显微器械组(P<0.05),嗓音分析振幅微扰、谐噪比两组差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论 CO2激光摘除声带息肉短期术后反应较常规喉显微器械手术大.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.