美菲康治疗晚期癌症疼痛70例临床观察

目的观察美菲康对中、重度癌痛的镇痛疗效。方法对70例晚期癌痛患者给予美菲康片整片吞服,不可嚼服、碾细或截开,用量取决于疼痛的严重程度和过去使用止痛药的剂量。开始给药全部予每次30mg,每12h给药1次,最大日剂量120mg。结果明显缓解39例,部分缓解25例,轻度缓解3例,无效2例,总有效率为91.42%。结论美菲康作为癌痛的第三阶梯用药,能有效、方便、安全地控制晚期癌症疼痛。     

美菲康与芬太尼透皮贴剂在治疗中重度癌痛中的观察

目的 观察美菲康和芬太尼透皮贴剂对中、重度癌痛患者治疗的疗效及毒副反应,并评价两种药物在癌症三阶梯止痛中的地位.方法 随机分组为美菲康组和芬太尼透皮贴剂组,并统计对84例中、重度癌痛患者的镇痛效果及毒副反应.结果 芬太尼透皮贴剂和美菲康对中、重度癌痛患者都可起到良好的镇痛作用,且效果基本相同.不良反应中恶心、呕吐、便秘及嗜睡比较常见,但接受芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗的患者出现恶心、呕吐、便秘的几率小于用美菲康治疗的患者,两者差异具有显著性.结论 芬太尼透皮贴剂和美菲康对中、重度癌痛患者镇痛效果大致相当,但前者的毒副反应明显少于后者.且芬太尼透皮贴剂使用方便,患者的依从性好,尤其对合并胃肠道疾病,不能口服者尤其适用,可作为口服强阿片类药物外的替代治疗.     

美菲康治疗中、重度癌痛的临床观察

目的 观察美菲康对中，重度癌痛的镇痛效果及不良反应。方法 我院2002～2004年50例伴有中重度癌痛的患者，疼痛的性质为慢性持续性疼痛，经一二阶梯止痛失效后投给该药。疼痛程度评定和疗效判定按数字评分法进行，并进行生活质量评分和不良反应观察。初始剂量为美菲康(吗啡控释片)30mg q12h，根据疼痛的程度调整剂量，如疼痛的程度超过限度，12h服药周期结束时常常出现爆发性疼痛，和／或24h所补救用药超过2次时，加大美菲康的剂量。结果 美菲康的最大剂量为360mg，最小剂量为30mg。疼痛疗效评价：完全缓解率15．4％，部分缓解率75．4％，轻度缓解率9．2％，无效0％。总有效率为90．8％。副作用就是便秘，轻度头晕、恶心，呕吐，但可自行缓解或对症治疗后缓解。结论 坚持个体化给药、按规律服药，美菲康作为第三阶梯用药治疗中重度癌痛，疗效肯定，服用方便，副作用少。     

亚甲蓝复合液硬膜外注射对癌痛的镇痛效果观察

目的 观察经硬膜外应用亚甲蓝复合液对癌痛的镇痛效果.方法 本组选择癌痛患者37例,根据疼痛部位采用不同硬膜外穿刺点,分别注入不同剂量的亚甲蓝复合液.结果 癌痛患者25例镇痛效果好,较注射前镇痛用药减少60%以上,辅加镇痛用药间隔期显著延长,出现钝痛时口服一般止痛药有效,有效镇痛时间在1个月以上.其中12例伴发神经病理性疼痛的癌痛患者镇痛效果差.结论 亚甲蓝复合液硬膜外用药对晚期癌痛疗效显著,安全可靠,未见明显并发症.     

美菲康治疗晚期癌痛46例临床分析

本文旨在评价美菲康(盐酸吗啡控释片)治疗晚期癌痛的临床疗效及不良反应。中度、重度疼痛的晚期癌痛患者46例,口服美菲康30～180mg,每12h 1次,用药1周后进行止痛疗效评价。其结果：可评价病例45例,其中完全缓解35例,部分缓解6例,有轻微疗效2例,无效1例,总有效率(部分缓解 完全缓解)为93.33%。Ⅱ度以上不良反应主要是便秘(15.22%)、嗜睡(8.70%)、恶心、呕吐(8.70%)。明显眩晕中止服药1例。作者认为美菲康镇痛疗效确切、作用时间长、使用方便,一般剂量服用安全、疗效好,是控制中度、重度癌痛的理想用药,值得临床推广应用。     

小剂量氯胺酮辅助吗啡静脉自控镇痛用于晚期癌痛治疗的观察研究

目的 观察小剂量氯胺酮辅助吗啡静脉自控镇痛用于晚期癌痛患者的止痛效果。方法 选择18例中、重度晚期癌痛病人，随机分成两组，分别采用PCA吗啡（I组）和小剂量氟胺酮联合吗啡PCA（Ⅱ组）方法用于以上患者的镇痛。两组均采用静脉自控镇痛方法，镇痛液两组均为100ml，I组内含吗啡40mg＋2％利多卡因20ml＋氟哌利多2．5mg＋0．9％生理盐水共计100ml。Ⅱ组内含吗啡20mg＋2％利多卡因20ml＋氟哌利多2．5mg＋氯胺酮200mg＋0．9％生理盐水共计100ml。分别在安装止痛泵后30min、lh、3h、5h、24h、48h采用视觉模拟评分法VAS评估疼痛程度，统计两组不良反应的发生率。结果 经治疗，两组病例疼痛基本缓解。两组（VAS）各时段无统计学差异。但PCA按压次数和吗啡用量I组明显多于Ⅱ组，Ⅱ组生活满意度明显高于I组。不良反应：恶心呕吐、便秘、皮肤瘙痒I组明显高于Ⅱ组；呼吸抑制、幻觉发生率两组无差异。结论 小剂量氯胺酮辅助吗啡静脉自控镇痛用于晚期癌痛患者的镇痛有效、副作用小，值得推广。     

通便灵胶囊治疗美菲康所致便秘

大约51％癌症患者和70％的晚期癌症患者出现疼痛，美菲康作为强效中枢镇痛药，已被广泛应用于癌症疼痛的治疗。它在有效控制癌痛的同时，90％以上的患者出现便秘。2005年4月～2005年10月，我科应用通便灵胶囊防治美菲康所致的便秘疗效显著，报道如下。     

美施康定治疗中,重度癌痛68例临床观察

目的 观察美施康定治疗中、重度癌痛的疗效。方法 应用美施康定３０ｍｇ ｑ１２ｈ口服治疗中度癌痛患者,９０ｍｇｑ１２ｈ口服治疗重度癌痛患者,连续７ｄ观察止痛效果和副反应。结果 美施康定治疗中、重度癌痛其总疗效为８６．５５％,能有效控制疼痛,未见呼吸抑制、血压下降和药物依赖等严重副反应。结论 美施康定对于中、重度癌痛,镇痛效果满意,副反应轻,用药方便、安全,值得临床推广使用。     

盐酸吗啡缓释片治疗重度癌痛132例临床观察

目的 观察盐酸吗啡缓释片(美菲康)治疗重度癌痛的疗效.方法 132例癌痛患者开始剂量是美菲康30mg,每12小时1次开始给药,后根据镇痛效果调整剂量,132例中最小日剂量30mg,最大日剂量360mg.结果 盐酸吗啡缓释片在控制重度癌痛方面有效率(CR PR)96.2%.结论 盐酸吗啡缓释片在治疗重度癌痛方面疗效显著,不良反应轻,安全可行.     

泰勒宁胶囊治疗中晚期癌痛的疗效观察

目的 观察泰勒宁胶囊治疗中晚期癌痛的镇痛效果并与曲马多胶囊比较。方法 58例中晚期癌痛患者随机分为泰勒宁组(T组)和曲马多组(Q组);用双盲法观察两组患者的镇痛效果、记录不良反应。结果 两组患者均取得良好的镇痛疗效,用药1周后中度以上疼痛缓解率和完全缓解率,T组分别为100％和83％;Q组分别为96％和71％,两组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);用药期间个别患者出现头晕、嗜睡和恶心、呕吐,未发生明显的呼吸抑制及精神依赖性。结论 泰勒宁胶囊为临床药物治疗癌痛提供了一个新的选择。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.