Eliminating lateral violence in the ambulatory setting: one center's strategies

Lateral violence (eg, disruptive, disparaging, or uncivil behavior inflicted by one peer on another) creates an unpleasant work environment that can have harmful effects on individual nurses, team members, patients, and the bottom line of the health care organization. Educating nurses about the most common forms of lateral violence and strategies for handling inappropriate behavior can be the first step toward eliminating this behavior. Effective nursing leaders develop and maintain a “zero-tolerance” culture that includes clear and concise behavioral expectations and consequences for employees who exhibit unprofessional behavior. Use of a code of conduct, open communication, and quick resolution of issues that arise are strategies that one ambulatory surgery center has used to successfully combat lateral violence in the workplace.     

高校护生不文明行为及其影响因素的调查分析

目的 探讨护生不文明行为的发生及相关影响因素,为预防与干预护生行为问题、促进护生人文素质培养提供依据.方法 采取护生相关不文明行为问卷和护生不文明行为影响因素开放式问卷,对大学1、2、3年级大专与本科护生进行调查.结果 护生的主要不文明行为是在考试与小测验中作弊;护生不文明的主要影响因素为护生素质差;教师对护生不文明行...     

Thoughts on incivility: student and faculty perceptions of uncivil behavior in nursing education

Faculty members complain about the rise of uncivil behavior in their students, and students voice similar complaints about faculty. Using an interpretive qualitative method for research, this study examined student and faculty perceptions of incivility in nursing education, possible causes of incivility, and potential remedies. Narrative analysis yielded the following categories: in-class disruption by students, out-of-class disruption by students, uncivil faculty behaviors, and possible causes of incivility in nursing education. The authors argue that further research is needed to increase awareness and understanding about academic incivility, its impact, and its psychological and social consequences.     

青少年口腔正畸治疗依从性与心理健康的相关性分析

目的 研究青少年口腔正畸患者治疗依从性与心理健康的相关性.方法 方便性抽样选择山东大学口腔医院正畸科210名青少年口腔正畸患者,采用问卷调查法对其进行矫治依从性及心理健康调查.结果 青少年正畸患者意志行为得分低于常模,认知、思维、个性、情绪得分高于常模,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;患者治疗依从性得分信仰偏低,为77.21分,自律性维度得分最低,为75.22分,人际关系维度得分最高,为80.50分;患者心理健康与治疗依从性相关性有统计学意义,其中个性特征和意志行为对患者治疗依从性影响显著（均P＜0.05）.结论青少年口腔正畸患者治疗依从性与其心理健康水平有相关性,口腔正畸科的护理人员可以通过对青少年正畸患者的心理健康干预来提高患者的治疗依从性.     

Faculty and student assessment of and experience with incivility in nursing education

Academic incivility is a significant problem and reports of discord on college campuses underscore the need for addressing uncivil behaviors in a forthright manner. In this study, 504 respondents from 41 states--194 nursing faculty, 306 nursing students, and 4 who did not specify their status--completed the Incivility in Nursing Education survey. The most frequently cited uncivil student behaviors included holding distracting conversations, using computers unrelated to class, and demanding make-up examinations and grade changes. The uncivil student behaviors occurring most frequently were arriving late for class, holding distracting conversations, and being unprepared. The uncivil faculty behaviors most frequently cited included making condescending remarks, making rude gestures or comments, and exerting superiority over others. The uncivil faculty behaviors occurring most frequently included ineffective teaching methods, arriving late for scheduled activities, and deviating from the syllabus and changing class assignments. Student and faculty uncivil behaviors were viewed similarly by both groups.     

Testing a model of exercise behavior in older adults

The purpose of this study was to test a model of exercise behavior in older adults. It was hypothesized that (a) mental and physical health directly influence self-efficacy expectations; (b) mental and physical health, age, and self-efficacy expectations influence outcome expectations; and (c) all these variables directly and/or indirectly influence exercise behavior. The sample was composed of 175 older adults living in a continuing-care retirement community, each of whom was interviewed once. Seven of the 10 hypothesized paths were significant. Physical health, self-efficacy expectations, and outcome expectations directly influenced exercise behavior, and age and mental health indirectly influenced exercise through self-efficacy expectations and outcome expectations. Combined these variables accounted for 30% of the variance in exercise behavior. To improve exercise behavior in older adults, health care providers should focus on developing interventions to strengthen self-efficacy and outcome expectations related to exercise.     

Perceived Mental Healthcare Barriers and Health-seeking Behavior of African-American Caregivers of Adolescents with Mental Health Disorders

African-American adolescents with mental health disorders are more likely to experience higher rates of depressive moods but are less likely to utilize mental health resources. Mental healthcare providers inform caregivers of adolescents with mental health issues about appropriate resources to facilitate appropriate treatment decisions. Although we understand rates of utilization of services, little understanding exists concerning socio-ecological barriers African-American caregivers experience when seeking mental health care for their adolescents. This study explores African-American caregiver perceptions of barriers to mental health care for adolescents with mental health disorders. We sought to understand how these perceptions influence African-American caregiver mental health-seeking behavior. This qualitative study utilized semi-structured interviews using a grounded theory approach to identify common themes describing experiences of African-American caregivers accessing mental health care for their adolescents. Previous caregiver experiences with mental illness, perceptions of social support, early intervention by educators and extrinsic behavior requiring medication compliance affected caregiver decision-making. Stigma associated with mental illness was a potential barrier to access to mental health care. Financial barriers that prevent access to care and an overall belief that mental health may not be as important as other issues was not identified as affecting health-seeking behaviors for mental health care. Caregivers who struggled with mental health issues themselves recognized these in adolescents and sought mental healthcare services. Caregiver previous experiences with mental healthcare services influenced their decision-making. Healthcare provider ability to engage adolescents, caregivers, and support systems increases the possibilities for positive experiences and continuation of treatment.     

将心理健康状态系统评估与干预纳入患者安全管理

患者及医务人员的心理行为问题是患者安全管理的重要影响因素, 即没有心理维度的安全管理, 就没有完整的患者安全管理。然而, 当前国内外患者安全管理指南中尚无心理行为问题的专门阐述。本文参考相关领域研究, 提出"将心理健康状态系统评估与干预纳入患者安全管理"的观点, 并建议使用专家咨询法进行探索性研究。     

Sex differences in adolescent mental health profiles in South Korea

Accumulating evidence indicates that sex of adolescents is a major factor affecting mental health. This study aimed to compare mental health profiles and longitudinal effects of various factors on mental health between male and female adolescents using the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. Results showed that females were more depressed, aggressive, and likely to develop somatic symptoms than males, while males exhibited more attention deficits than females. Moreover, abusive parenting behavior was associated with a lower level of mental health in both male and female adolescents. In addition, we found significant differences in the effects of individual factors (subjective health status and smartphone addiction), family-related factors (living with both parents, working mother, and neglectful parenting behavior), and school-related factors (school adjustment and satisfaction with grades) on mental health between male and female adolescents. These findings indicate sex differences in adolescent mental health profiles in South Korea. Further studies are needed to develop comprehensive mental health strategies that consider personal, family, and school-related factors and sex differences.     

The effects of student incivility on nursing faculty

In this study, 21 nursing faculty who experienced uncivil encounters with nursing students were interviewed to determine what effects those encounters had on them. The uncivil encounters ranged from relatively mild to highly aggressive, including overt threats to the faculty members' well-being. The effects of the uncivil encounters on the nursing faculty involved were significant and included both short-term and long-term sequelae, such as physical and emotional reactions, decreased self-esteem, loss of confidence in their teaching abilities, significant time expenditures, and negative effects on the educational process. Three faculty members left nursing education and cited their interactions with students as an influential factor.     

Who’s uncivil to who? Perceptions of incivility in pre-licensure nursing programs

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were differences in the perceptions of uncivil behaviors among nursing students and faculty according to pre-licensure nursing program types, and if there were any relationships in reported uncivil behaviors to the variables of age, gender, ethnic/racial background, and parental level of education. The sample was a convenience sample of 159 pre-licensure senior nursing students and 14 nursing faculty from four schools of nursing in the northeastern United States: two Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) programs, one Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) program, and one hospital-based diploma nursing program. The nursing students and nursing faculty were administered a mixed method, validated survey instrument, the Incivility in Nursing Education (INE) Survey (Clark et al., 2009). The results of the survey identified similarities and differences between the BSN, ADN, and diploma nursing programs for both the perceptions and experiences of uncivil behaviors, however no significant differences were found between the demographic variables and the occurrence of uncivil behaviors.     

Influence of stroke survivor characteristics and family conflict surrounding recovery on caregivers' mental and physical health

BACKGROUND: Stroke recovery is a dynamic process for stroke survivors, and shorter lengths of stay in healthcare settings shift the care of the survivors to family caregivers. The physical and mental sequelae after stroke and the family's response to this catastrophic event may have deleterious effects on caregivers. OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of stroke survivors' motor function, their memory and behavior changes, and the family conflict surrounding stroke recovery on the mental and physical health of caregivers during the subacute recovery period. METHODS: This cross-sectional, correlational study used baseline data from family caregivers (n = 132) and first-time stroke survivors enrolled in a larger multisite study. RESULTS: The caregivers were primarily White (71%), female (74%), college-educated (73%) spouses (80%) of survivors. Most of the caregivers (66%) reported family conflict. The caregivers from families with lower family functioning scores reported worse mental health.The caregivers reported lower mental health when they were caring for stroke survivors with a combination of high memory/behavior changes and low motor function (R =.30). Family conflict appears to exacerbate the impact of memory and behavior changes on caregiver mental health. Higher caregiver education and no major health problems were associated with better caregiver physical health (R =.36). Caregiver physical health was not associated with family functioning or stroke survivor memory and behavior changes. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that memory and behavior changes of stroke survivors and family conflict surrounding stroke recovery are important considerations for assessment during the poststroke recovery period.     

Children with Behavioral/Mental Health Disorders and School Mental Health Nurses in Australia

TOPIC: This review of the literature addresses Australian school mental health nursing is an emergent field of practice. PURPOSE: Children with behavioral/mental health disorders present challenges to schools, teachers, and their families. They can be disruptive in class, inappropriate with their peers, and perform poorly academically. Often this group of children do not respond to the school's usual strategies to support appropriate behavior. When children with behavioral/mental health disorders do not receive specialized support based on their problems and needs, their problems can escalate over time and in adolescence their behavior may become more challenging, with increased aggression, substance use, contact with the criminal justice system, and school failure with or without dropout. CONCLUSION: Mental health nurses, working as case managers, could be effective in the support of children with behavioral/mental health disorders in schools. Mental health nurses, because of their professional education and clinical practice, work not only with the individual child but also with family members. They are well prepared to case manage in schools and support individual teachers and health and welfare services in their management of their clients with behavioral/mental health disorders.     

Perceived uncivil behaviour in Indonesian nursing education

Uncivil behaviour is a phenomenon that has attracted a growing number of investigations, particularly in Western based nurse education. Unlike the West, uncivil behaviour is a relatively new field of study to Indonesia. However, with the incidence of incivility becoming a growing problem within Indonesian nurse education it is one that warrants investigation. This study investigated; the construct of uncivil behaviour and how it is perceived by students and faculty within the Indonesia context. The impact that socio economic status may play in its manifestation is also explored. The study was conducted in two faculties of nursing in the west of Indonesia. Findings suggest that religion is strongly implicated in the way that uncivil behaviour is perceived.     

突发性耳聋患者高压氧治疗前状态-特质焦虑和行为生活方式的调查

目的 了解突发性耳聋患者高压氧治疗(HBOT)前状态-特质焦虑和行为生活方式的状况,分析影响患者突发性耳聋的原因和不利于治疗的行为生活方式.方法 应用状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)和自行设计的问卷,调查分析了60例突发性耳聋患者高压氧治疗前状态-特质焦虑情况和行为生活方式.结果 突发性耳聋患者HBOT前状态焦虑问卷(S-AI)分值为(47.55±8.32)分,明显高于健康人群分值(39.31±8.66)分.有相当一部分患者存在不利于突发性耳聋治疗的行为生活方式:膳食结构不合理、精神压力过大、心理状态失衡、作息没有规律、行为生活方式不健康、不当的就医行为等.结论 护士应有针对性地对突发性耳聋患者进行相关知识的健康教育,不断提高患者的就医行为,树立健康的行为生活方式.     

腹膜透析患者自我管理行为及健康状况的相关性研究

目的 了解目前国内腹膜透析患者自我管理行为的状况和健康状况,探讨患者自我管理行为与其健康状况的关系.方法 采用问卷调查的方法,结合实验室检查,对151例腹膜透析患者的自我管理行为和健康状况进行调查,分析自我管理行为与健康状况的关系,提出提高患者自我管理行为的护理措施.结果 腹膜透析患者自我管理行为得分为（28.8±5.32）分,患者自我管理行为与其生理和心理的健康状况密切相关.自我管理行为与Karnofsky活动指数、白蛋白水平呈正相关（P〈0.01）,与躯体症状、舒张压、血磷和抑郁水平呈负相关（P〈0.01）.结论 腹膜透析患者自我管理行为与其生理和心理的健康状况密切相关,自我管理行为的提高,有助于健康状况的改善.     

重性精神疾病患者非自愿治疗应急处置机制研究

“非自愿治疗”是精神卫生法实施中的关注焦点。精神障碍的特殊性使精神疾病患者在发病状态下精神能力受损,无法理智/合理地作出决策或控制自身行为,常需要予以人身自由限制,以及采用其他非自愿的医疗措施。针对河南省重性精神疾病管理治疗工作的社区精神卫生服务状况,建立重性精神疾病患者非自愿治疗的应急处置机制,为基层医疗卫生机构建立提前介入预防处置机制提供有益的策略依据。     

认知行为干预对世博会安检员心理健康状况的影响

目的研究认知行为干预对提高世博会安检员心理健康状况的作用。方法将600名世博会安检员以中队为单位随机分为研究组和空白对照组各300名,研究组在世博会期间接受认知行为干预（包括心理健康讲座和团体训练）,比较两组研究对象干预前后的症状自评量表（symptomcheck list90,SCL-90）评分情况。结果干预前,两组研究对象的SCL-90总分及躯体化、人际关系、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、偏执等因子分均高于常模（P〈0.05）;干预后,研究组SCL-90总分及躯体化、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执等因子得分的改善均优于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论认知行为干预有助于维护和改善安检员的心理健康状况。     

心理护理对围手术期不同性格乳腺癌患者心理状况的影响

目的探讨心理护理对围手术期不同性格乳腺癌患者心理状况的影响。方法对54例乳腺癌患者根据A型行为问卷及评分标准分为A型性格者（21例）和B型性格者（33例）两组,对围手术期患者采取心理护理,进行疾病知识教育及心理沟通。在入院第1天和术后第2周,采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、症状自评量表（SCL-90）、特质应对问卷（TCSQ）进行问卷调查。结果与第1天相比较,术后2周,A型性格与B型性格患者SAS、SDS、SCL-90、TCSQ评分差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。B型性格者心理改善程度明显高于A型性格者,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论良好的心理护理能明显改善不同性格围手术期乳腺癌患者的心理状况,提高积极的应对方式。B型性格评分及改善程度明显优于A型性格者。