Clinical outcome of partial ethmoidectomy for chronic rhinosinusitis

Since its introduction endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been focused on the management of the ethmoids, differentiating between partial and total ethmoidectomy. The classification of the underlying process of ethmoiditis and the selection of the adequate surgical procedure are still open questions. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate a minimally invasive ESS procedure. We present a retrospective analysis of 112 cases of bilateral circumscribed ethmoiditis after partial ethmoidectomy performed by a single surgeon investigated by questionnaires and endoscopic follow-up. A comparison of symptoms and the subjective judgment of the patients before and after surgery showed that postoperative subjective scores of nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea improved in up to 90%, with no distinct differences between primary intervention (n=98) and revision (n=14). Ninety percent of all patients considered surgery successful. Signs of active rhinosinusitis were found in less then 20% of patients after partial ethmoidectomy. This demonstrates that partial ethmoidectomy is an effective treatment for CRS affecting only part of the ethmoid.     

鼻内镜手术对成人慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴哮喘患者疗效的影响

目的　分析并探讨鼻内镜手术对成人慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（chronic rhinosinusitis,CRS）伴哮喘患者疗效的影响。方法　采用前瞻性对照分组设计,对我院诊断为CRS并接受鼻内镜手术治疗的325例患者依入组标准选择92例患者进行跟踪随访,于术前、术后评估所有患者鼻部和哮喘各指标变化情况。结果　共92例完成3个月随访,90例完成12个月随访。鼻内镜手术后鼻部总体症状和鼻塞、流涕的视觉模拟量表评分以及鼻内镜Lund-Kennedy评分均明显改善,喷嚏、嗅功能、头面部疼痛视觉模拟量表评分结果也有不同程度改善。伴哮喘患者鼻内镜手术后哮喘控制测试评分在术后明显升高,而肺功能各指标变化无统计学差异。结论　以鼻内镜手术为中心的综合治疗对成人CRS伴哮喘患者的鼻部症状改善和减少用药量有显著作用;短期内鼻内镜手术对提高哮喘患者哮喘控制水平和减少哮喘用药量有积极作用。     

慢性鼻及鼻窦炎鼻内镜手术疗效及黏膜上皮化分析

目的总结鼻内镜手术治疗慢性鼻及鼻窦炎的疗效和术腔黏膜上皮化规律,探讨影响疗效和术后黏膜上皮化的相关因素。方法对520例慢性鼻及鼻窦炎接受鼻内镜手术患者的手术疗效和术后黏膜上皮化规律进行临床分析。疗效分析应用X~2检验,黏膜上皮化时间分析用非参数秩和检验。结果治愈率74.4%,好转率21.0%,总有效率95.4%。术后平均黏膜上皮化时间为14.0周。疾病的分型分期、是否合并哮喘、变应性鼻炎和疗效与黏膜上皮化时间有相关性(P<0.05)。结论鼻内镜手术治疗慢性鼻及鼻窦炎是有效和安全的,术后黏膜上皮化时间平均需要3个月。病情重、合并哮喘或变应性鼻炎的患者疗效较差,黏膜上皮化时间长。鼻腔粘连通过定期合理的复查和处理,大多数能够得到有效的解除。     

哮喘伴慢性鼻窦炎治疗

目的探讨支气管哮喘伴有慢性鼻窦炎及鼻息肉患者行鼻内镜手术(endoscopicsinussurgery,ESS)的治疗效果。方法1998年8月～2002年10月,对25例支气管哮喘伴有慢性鼻窦炎及鼻息肉经药物治疗无效的患者,采用鼻内镜手术,按Messerklinger’s术式,切除钩突、摘除息肉、开放筛窦及上颌窦,清理窦口鼻道复合体病变组织;围手术期应用抗生素和类固醇皮质激素等。结果随访18个月～3年,支气管哮喘症状疗效为:有效10例,好转10例,无效5例;鼻窦炎及鼻息肉疗效为:治愈10例,好转12例,无效3例。结论ESS对支气管哮喘伴有慢性鼻窦炎及鼻息肉患者的治疗,可降低哮喘的发作频率和对类固醇皮质激素的依赖。     

鼻内镜手术治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎45例

目的探讨鼻内镜下治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的疗效。方法在鼻内镜下对45例慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎患者行鼻窦清创术,部分病例加行下鼻道开窗术,彻底清除鼻窦病变组织及鼻病变黏膜和骨质,充分开放鼻窦,术后应用大扶康冲洗术腔,并定期行鼻内镜检查。结果随访6个月至6年,治愈41例,复发4例。复发病例经再次鼻内镜手术后治愈,无手术并发症。结论鼻内镜下鼻窦清创术是治疗侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的重要手段,术后定期复查并辅以大扶康术腔冲洗,疗效良好。     

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎-鼻息肉伴哮喘患者鼻内镜围手术期药物治疗

目的 探讨慢性鼻-鼻窦炎-鼻息肉(CRSwNP)伴支气管哮喘患者鼻内镜围手术期药物治疗原则及效果。方法 收集2010年6月至2013年12月山东大学齐鲁医院耳鼻咽喉科收治的109例CRSwNP伴支气管哮喘患者行鼻内镜手术(ESS)的临床资料。术前均对哮喘进行全面评估, 哮喘完全控制6个月后行ESS手术治疗, 围手术期采用雾化吸入及全身糖皮质激素等药物治疗。结果 围手术期无哮喘急性发作, 仅1例患者术后第2天因口服镇痛剂出现喘息;术后随访1~3年, 采用鼻内镜检查并行ESS临床疗效评估, 病情完全控制者5例(4.59%), 病情部分控制者94例(86.24%), 病情未控制10例(9.17%);仅1例术后13个月因股骨头坏死行手术治疗。结论 全面细致的哮喘病情评估和ESS围手术期药物治疗有利于防止围手术期哮喘发作及控制术后CRSwNP患者鼻息肉复发, 有利于提高手术疗效。     

Endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis: a comparative study

Nasal polyposis are common presentations in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis and are considered to be associated with more severe forms of disease with poor treatment outcome. The presentation and treatment outcome after endoscopic sinus surgery in patients of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis have been analysed in this study. A prospective analysis of 90 patients of chronic rhinosinusitis who were classified into two groups depending on presence and absence of nasal polyps was performed in the study. The two groups were evaluated using subjective (patient complaints) and objective (computed tomography scan and endoscopy scores) criteria. Preoperative data were compared with data obtained 12?months post endoscopic sinus surgery. The study included 38 patients of chronic rhinosinusitis and 52 patients of nasal polyps. The patients of nasal polyp group presented with increased severity of symptoms of nasal blockage, nasal discharge and reduced sense of smell as compared to the chronic rhinosinusitis group who had significantly higher presentation of headache and facial pain. The preoperative CT scan revealed significantly higher bilateral disease with increased involvement of multiple sinuses in nasal polyp group. Post endoscopic sinus surgery both the groups showed significant improvement in their symptoms with the nasal polyp group demonstrating reduction in improvement on 1?year follow up. In our study we have found the patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyp have varied severity of symptoms with the nasal polyp group having higher nasal symptoms and increased severity as compared to chronic rhinosinusitis group. Though the universal rationale of management by adequate drainage and ventilation of sinus is similar in both groups, there is a reduction in both objective and subjective scores during 1?year follow up in the nasal polyp group.     

Impact of functional endoscopic sinus surgery on symptoms and quality of life in chronic rhinosinusitis

OBJECTIVES: Chronic rhinosinusitis restricts the quality of life of millions of involved patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate how functional endoscopic sinus surgery modifies patients symptom profiles and quality of life. STUDY DESIGN: Open prospective clinical trial. METHODS: Questionnaires were given to 279 patients included in the series, who underwent sinus surgery at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne (Cologne, Germany) from 1995 to 1999. Patients assessed typical chronic rhinosinusitis--associated symptoms and restricted quality of life preoperatively and postoperatively using ranking scales (scales ranging from no to intolerable complaints). Statistical analyses were performed with the Wilcoxon test and Spearman rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Quality of life was restricted by chronic rhinosinusitis in 94% of all patients preoperatively and ranked as severe or intolerable in 74%. Leading symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis were nasal obstruction in 92% and postnasal drip in 87%. Furthermore, patients reported dry upper respiratory tract syndrome in 68%, hyposmia in 66%, headache in 64%, and asthmatic complaints in 34%. After a mean postoperative follow-up of 31.7 months, an amelioration of quality of life was achieved in 85%, no change in 12%, and a deterioration in 3%. The ranking of restricted quality of life improved from "severe" to "mild" (P <.01) in the mean. Mainly responsible for this improvement was the postoperative decrease of nasal obstruction (84%), headache (82%), and postnasal drip (78%) (all P <.01), which correlated significantly with nasal obstruction (r = 0.59), headache (r = 0.39), and postnasal drip (r = 0.55), respectively (all P <.01) with better quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: The leading complaints within the symptom profile of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis are airway obstruction and postnasal drip. The restriction of quality of life in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis is mainly caused by these symptoms, which can be improved in excellent fashion by functional endoscopic sinus surgery in the majority of patients, achieving better quality of life in the long term.     

Outcome analysis of endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with nasal polyps and asthma

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in the management of chronic sinusitis and asthma in patients with nasal polyps and steroid-dependent asthma. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. METHODS: The study included 17 patients who underwent ESS with nasal polyps, steroid-dependent asthma with or without aspirin sensitivity and a minimum of 1 year postoperative follow-up. Nine patients were ASA sensitive, and eight patients were ASA tolerant. Chronic sinusitis and asthma were evaluated using subjective (patient complaints) and objective (computed tomography scans, pulmonary function tests, steroid doses) criteria. Preoperative data were compared with data obtained 12 to 18 months postESS. Tissue samples were graded for degree of inflammation and edema. RESULTS: Thirteen of the 17 (76.5%) patients reported improved clinical symptoms postESS. The postoperative Lund-Mackay scores were statistically lower for the 17 patients (P <.0001). The group experienced improvement in postoperative forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1) (P <.014). Twelve of 17 (70.6%) experienced reduction in systemic steroid usage (P <.048). The ASA sensitive patients did not have a statistical improvement in postoperative FEV1 (P >.08) and sinonasal symptoms (P >.16) compared with the ASA tolerant group. Polyp tissue from the ASA sensitive patients demonstrated more edema and more inflammation on average than ASA tolerant polyps, but the results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: ESS demonstrates a beneficial effect on the sinonasal and asthma symptomatology in patients with nasal polyps and asthma using objective measures. Subset of aspirin-tolerant patients have statistically better outcome for sinonasal symptoms and pulmonary function testing than aspirin-sensitive patients.     

Endoscopic sinus surgery in children with chronic sinus disease failed on medical management

This pilot study assessed the safety and efficacy of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) in children with chronic sinus disease. A total of 150 patients were carefully evaluated for intractable signs and symptoms of chronic sinus disease and 40 children were deemed appropriate candidates for ESS. All patients were medical management failures. Thirty percent of these children had bronchial asthma and fifteen percent had allergies. All patients were followed for atleast one year after surgery. Overall success rate as assessed at one year was 85.3%. The success was evaluated by a scoring system evolved out of this study for the subjective relief of symptoms. The commonest surgical complication observed was synechiae between the middle turbinate and the lateral nasal wall, that developed in 10% cases. The revision surgery was required in only 5 children who had associated systemic illness like bronchial asthma or allergies.     

Clinical outcomes after revision endoscopic sinus surgery

OBJECTIVE: To determine if patients undergoing revision endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis obtain significant symptomatic benefit from surgery. DESIGN: Prospective controlled clinical trial. METHODS: Adult patients undergoing revision ESS were evaluated preoperatively with a computed tomographic scan and the Rhinosinusitis Symptom Inventory. After the revision ESS, patients were reevaluated with the Rhinosinusitis Symptom Inventory. Data were analyzed for symptom score changes and effect sizes, changes in medication, and economic variables. Improvements in sinonasal symptom scores, medication use, and economic variables were compared with those of a contemporaneous control group of patients undergoing primary ESS and matched for age, sex, and Lund score. RESULTS: The 21 patients (mean age, 44.8 years) who completed evaluation after revision ESS had a mean follow-up of 12.4 months. Mean preoperative Lund score was 12.6. Large effect sizes indicating significant symptom improvements were noted for nasal obstruction (effect size, -1.9), hyposmia (-0.9), and headache (-0.6), as well as nasal (-1.1) and total symptom domains (-0.9; P<.05 in all cases). Nasal steroid and nonsedating antihistamine use did not decrease significantly after ESS, but oral antibiotic use showed a downward trend (net change, - 2.9 wk/y; P =.23). Improvements in clinical symptoms were statistically similar to corresponding improvements in the matched cohort of patients undergoing primary ESS. CONCLUSIONS: The symptomatic relief that revision ESS can provide for patients with refractory chronic rhinosinusitis is similar to that following a primary ESS. However, many patients undergoing revision ESS require continued intense medical management of their chronic rhinosinusitis.     

Molecular and cellular staging for the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis

OBJECTIVES: To correlate objective and subjective clinical parameters with molecular, cellular, and histologic markers and to acknowledge the importance of these basic science parameters in a severity classification system for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS in an academic institution. METHODS: The preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans of all patients with CRS scheduled for surgery were graded according to Lund and Mackay. The patients completed a Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT)-20 questionnaire and had a preoperative nasal endoscopy performed, which was graded by assigning an endoscopy score according to Lanza and Kennedy. Subjects had a medical questionnaire regarding presence of aspirin sensitivity, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and medication usage. Subjects also underwent pulmonary function testing and had skin tests for allergies. At the time of surgery, blood was drawn to determine the level of peripheral eosinophilia and the degree of polymorphisms of the leukotriene C4 synthase gene. Sinus mucosal and polyp tissue was examined pathologically for the number of eosinophils per high-powered filed (HPF) and was stained for EG2 to determine the portion of activated eosinophils. Leukotriene C4 levels (pg/g of tissue) were determined using a sensitive competitive enzyme immunoassay. Endoscopy and SNOT-20 scores were reevaluated 1 year after surgery. Data were analyzed for disease-severity correlation to recommend a severity classification system for CRS that incorporates the contribution of clinical, molecular, cellular, and histologic parameters. RESULTS: The presence of polyps resulted in higher preoperative CT scores and higher preoperative and postoperative symptom scores. Average preoperative CT scores were significantly higher in asthmatics and allergy patients and correlated with endoscopy scores. Patients with more than five eosinophils/HPF of sinus tissue had higher frequency of polyps and asthma and higher CT and endoscopy scores than patients without sinus tissue eosinophilia (less than or equal to 5 cells/HPF sinus tissue). The subgroup of patients with eosinophilic nasal polyps (eosinophilic hyperplastic rhinosinusitis) had more severe disease by CT and endoscopy than the subgroup of patients with nasal polyps (hyperplastic rhinosinusitis) but without eosinophilia. Similarly, patients without polyps but with tissue eosinophilia had more severe disease than patients without polyps and without eosinophilia. Leukotriene C4 levels were elevated in all patient groups. Symptom scores did not correlate with any of the parameters. CONCLUSION: We suggest the following severity classification system for CRS: 1) eosinophilic chronic hyperplastic rhinosinusitis (ECHRS): patients with polyps and sinus tissue eosinophilia; 2) noneosinophilic chronic hyperplastic rhinosinusitis (NECHRS): patients with polyps but without sinus tissue eosinophilia; 3) eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS): patients without polyps but with sinus tissue eosinophilia; 4) noneosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (NECRS): patients without polyps and without sinus tissue eosinophilia.     

Middle turbinate resection is unlikely to cause empty nose syndrome in first year postoperatively

PurposeEmpty nose syndrome (ENS) is characterized by nasal dryness, crusting, and paradoxical nasal obstruction most commonly after inferior turbinate resection. ENS has also been reported to occur after middle turbinate resection (MTR), and concern for causing ENS is a possible reason surgeons preserve the MT during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The objective was to determine whether MTR during ESS led to ENS.Materials and methodsThis was a prospective case series of 95 consecutive patients that underwent bilateral subtotal MTR during ESS with either Draf IIB or Draf III frontal sinusotomies, for chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps, and frontal sinus inverted papillomas. Demographic data and postoperative Empty Nose Syndrome 6-item Questionnaire (ENS6Q) scores were obtained. Nasal crusting was also documented on last postoperative nasal endoscopy.ResultsPathologies included chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (69), without nasal polyps (12), and inverted papillomas (14). Fifty-six patients underwent subtotal MTRs during ESS with Draf IIB, and 39 with Draf III. Mean follow-up was 19.4 months (range 12–49). Mean postoperative ENS6Q score was 2.1. Only 2.1% had ENS6Q scores ≥ 11, and 6.3% had nasal crusting at last follow-up. None of the patients with ENS6Q scores ≥ 11 had nasal crusting at last follow-up. There were no significant differences in outcomes between ages, genders, surgery types, or pathologies.ConclusionsPatients who underwent bilateral subtotal MTR during ESS were unlikely to develop ENS by at least 1 year postoperatively, based on patients rarely experiencing ENS6Q scores ≥ 11 or persistent nasal crusting.     

中药冲洗对鼻黏膜纤毛超微结构的影响

目的：观察慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者在鼻内窥镜术后应用鼻窦炎口服液冲洗鼻腔,对鼻黏膜纤毛超微结构的影响。方法：对30例接受ESS的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者,术后分A、B、C三组用不同方法处理,对各组患者分别于术前、术后3个月取上颌窦口周围黏膜进行电镜观察,另取2例作为健康对照。结果：术前各组黏膜上皮纤毛脱落,排列紊乱,间质水肿,可见中性粒细胞及杯状细胞。线粒体减少,明显肿胀,出现空泡。纤毛融合,微管结构异常;术后A、B组纤毛排列较整齐,粗细亦均匀,方向较一致,且纤毛丰富、密集,“9+2”微管结构清晰,线粒体狭长致密,与健康对照组结构无明显差异;术后C组可见纤毛数量明显增多,排列尚整齐,方向欠统一,并可见大量短纤毛,线粒体仍肿胀,仍可见病理性改变。结论：鼻内镜手术后应用鼻窦炎口服液冲洗能促进鼻黏膜纤毛结构的恢复。     

慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉合并支气管哮喘患者鼻窦内镜术后对支气管哮喘疗效的影响

目的观察鼻窦内镜术(endoscopic sinu ssurgery，ESS)对慢性鼻窦炎伴支气管哮喘患者哮喘发作的影响。方法对210例慢性鼻窦炎患者施行ESS术，其中伴有支气管哮喘病史者42例(20．0％)。210例患者均于术前、术后采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)培养上清液中的白细胞介素4(IL-4)，干扰素γ(IFN-γ)，可溶性白细胞介素2受体(sIL-2R)和可溶性IgE低亲和力受体(solube CD23，sCD23)的含量，并与20例正常对照组进行比较。通过主观和客观标准评定42例患者哮喘发作及对皮质类固醇的耐受状况，并对术后患者进行为期1年(10例)和3年(32例)的随访。结果鼻窦炎合并支气管哮喘患者术前PBMC培养上清液中IL-4，sIL-2R、sCD23含量较对照组显著升高，而IFN-γ含量较对照组显著减少。术后IL-4、sIL-2R、sCD23含量较对照组显著降低，而IFN-γ含量显著增高。术后哮喘改善水平由随访术后1年的45％提高到术后3年的70％。42例中32例(76％)哮喘发作次数明显减少，术前长期服用类固醇的2l例中，14例(67％)减少了对口服类固醇的使用。结论ESS对慢性鼻窦炎伴支气管哮喘患者的治疗有较满意的远期疗效。ESS能调节IL-4、IFN-γ sIL-2R、sCD23水平，降低哮喘的发作频率和对类固醇的依赖。     

The effect of endoscopic sinus surgery on asthma: management of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis, and asthma.

We attempted to determine the efficacy of endoscopic sinus surgery in adult patients with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis or nasal polyposis. Fifty asthmatic patients from 17 to 74 years of age with a history of either chronic rhinosinusitis or nasal polyposis were examined. Sinonasal disease was confirmed endoscopically and with computerized tomography, and all had failed aggressive medical management of their sinonasal disease before undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery performed by the same surgeon in all cases. The following were compared for 12 months: preoperative and postoperative overall asthma control, peak flow measurements, asthma medication requirements, including the use of oral steroids, and hospitalizations for asthma. Twenty patients felt that their asthma control had improved postoperatively. Twenty per cent used less steroid inhaler, and 28% less bronchodilator inhaler. Of those 23 patients measuring peak flows, seven achieved higher levels and seven noted fewer dips and swings. Significant reductions in oral steroid requirements (p < 0.001) and hospitalization for asthma (p < 0.025) were also recorded postoperatively. Irrespective of whether the patient had chronic rhinosinusitis or nasal polyposis, both groups improved postoperatively. The commonest symptoms experienced by the group as whole and by the nasal polyposis patients were hyposmia and nasal obstruction. Postnasal discharge and headache were more important in the chronic rhinosinusitis group. Mean visual analog scores improved for all symptoms; in particular for nasal obstruction and sense of smell. Aggressive management of sinonasal pathology can improve asthma status. No major differences were recorded for outcomes when comparing patients with chronic rhinosinusitis or nasal polyposis; in particular there was no evidence for a worsening of asthma after nasal polypectomy.     

鼻声反射在OSAS患者鼻功能评估中的应用

目的：探讨修正性鼻内镜手术联合中鼻甲切除术综合治疗难治性鼻-鼻窦炎的手术效果及应用价值。方法35例难治性鼻-鼻窦炎经CT检查、鼻内窥镜检查、局部用药等规范术前准备,行改良鼻丘径路额窦开放为主修正手术加中鼻甲全部或部分切除,术后凭鼻内镜保健手册进行定期复查,规范随访。26例合并鼻中隔偏曲者其中16例行内镜下传统矫正切除,10例行局限性矫正切除;15例合并变应性鼻炎者对下鼻甲前端、中鼻甲对应鼻中隔等部位黏膜电凝。结果35例患者门诊内镜随诊3-6月以上,治愈11例（31.4%）,黏膜完全上皮化;好转18例（51.4%）,黏膜可以上皮化,但变应性鼻炎发作时,术腔黏膜水肿,经局部处理及药物治疗后可恢复上皮化;无效6例（17.2%）。总有效率82.8%,6例无效均为合并变应性鼻炎及哮喘患者。结论修正性鼻内镜手术联合中鼻甲切除术综合治疗难治性鼻-鼻窦炎,疗效较为确切,值得临床推广。     

Asthma outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery in aspirin-tolerant versus aspirin-induced asthmatic patients

BACKGROUND: Certain diseases affect both upper and lower airways. Aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) is a clinical entity characterized by asthma, nasal polyposis, and aspirin intolerance. To understand the response of the lower airway to surgical treatment of the sinuses, we examined asthma outcomes in AIA compared with a second group of aspirin-tolerant asthmatic (ATA) patients to establish if there were any differences between the two groups after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). METHODS: A retrospective record review was performed of 91 asthmatic subjects with chronic rhinosinusitis. Forty-one subjects had AIA and 50 subjects had ATA. Subjective and objective asthma outcome parameters were used to compare between the two groups at three time points: immediately before ESS and 6 and 12 months after ESS. RESULTS: Preoperatively, AIA patients had significantly higher asthma severity (p<0.0001) and lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second values (p=0.04). At 12 months after ESS, a statistically significant difference between the two groups with better results in AIA patients was seen in asthma severity improvement (p=0.010) and in the decrease of ICS doses (p<0.0001), without significant differences between the two groups in other asthma outcome parameters. CONCLUSION: AIA patients usually present with more severe asthma. The asthmatic complaints of AIA and ATA patients continue to improve significantly over 6 and 12 month after ESS. Although ESS helped both groups of patients, AIA had statistically significant better results compared with ATA patients in asthma severity scores and decreased need for ICS.     

Selective irrigation of the sinuses in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis refractory to medical therapy: a promising start

BACKGROUND: Although endoscopic sinus surgery has been widely used for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis, some patients fail to derive clinical benefit from this procedure. We evaluated the efficacy of a treatment regimen consisting of selective irrigation of diseased sinus mucosa with topical antibiotics and steroids in conjunction with oral antibiotics and steroids. METHODS: Twenty patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis and resistant to medical treatment (mean duration 3.4 years) underwent intubations of the affected maxillary and/or ethmoid sinuses for irrigation for a duration of 21 to 30 days. A computed tomographic (CT) scan of the paranasal sinus was taken both pre- and post-treatment and staged according to the Lund-MacKay system. Clinical symptoms were scored for rhinorrhea, facial pain, nasal congestion, and smell at least 2 months prior to treatment and approximately 18 months after the follow-up. RESULTS: The clinical experience with the technique of intubation and irrigation was well tolerated by all patients. We found an improvement in all symptom scores, including rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, smell (n = 20; p < .001), and facial pain (n = 20; p < .01). Similar improvements were seen on the CT scans, with reduced staging from 14.6 +/- 1.1 to 5.6 +/- 1.1 (p < .001). Only three patients did not respond to selective irrigation of the sinuses and needed further surgery. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that sinus irrigation could provide a reasonable and effective alternative to ethmoidectomy with drainage procedures and offer promise for the treatment of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who are resistant to medical treatment.     

鼻内镜术后中药鼻腔雾化吸入辅佐治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的主客观评估

目的 评价慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(chronic rhinosinusitis, CRS)患者在鼻内镜术(endoscopic sinus surgery, ESS)后用中药进行鼻腔超声雾化吸入辅佐治疗的疗效。方法 63例CRS患者随机分为治疗组(33例)和对照组(30例),ESS术后第3天行鼻腔超声雾化吸入。治疗组雾化用药为鼻窦炎口服液,每天早晚各1次,每次8mL,连续5d,后改为每周1次,连续3个月。对照组使用生理盐水鼻腔雾化吸入,方法相同。雾化前(术后第2天)、雾化5d和3个月后分别采用视觉模拟量表、Lund Kennedy评分系统、Lund Mackay评分法进行相关评估。结果 通过对主观症状、鼻内镜及鼻窦CT扫描进行检查评估,治疗组与对照组在雾化前后及组间比较差异均有统计学意义。结论 CRS患者ESS术后中药雾化吸入能明显提高手术疗效。