Investigations of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Piper cubeba, Physalis angulata and Rosa hybrida

The anti-inflammatory activities of Piper cubeba (fruit), Physalis angulata (flower) and Rosa hybrida (flower) were determined by carrageenan-induced paw edema, arachidonic acid-induced ear edema and formaldehyde-induced arthritis in mice. The anti-allergic and analgesic activities of these plants were also studied by using 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced contact hypersensitivity reaction (type IV) and hot plate test in mice, respectively. These plant extracts clearly exhibited inhibitory effects against acute and subacute inflammation by oral administration (200 mg/kg). Also, administration (200 mg/kg, p.o.) of plant extracts for 1 week significantly inhibited type IV allergic reaction in mice (P<0.05). Rosa hybrida showed an analgesic effect against hot plate-induced thermal stimulation at a dose of 200 mg/kg. These results provide support for the use of Rosa hybrida in relieving inflammatory pain, and insight into the development of new agents for treating inflammatory diseases.     

Action of Hygrophila auriculata against streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress

Hygrophila auriculata (K. Schum.) Heine (Family: Acanthaceae) is a wild herb widely used in 'Ayurveda' as 'Rasayana' drug for treatment of various disorders. Treatment of diabetic rats with aerial parts of Hygrophila auriculata extract (HAEt, 100 and 250 mg/kg body weight) for 3 weeks showed significant reduction in blood glucose, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydroperoxide in both liver and kidney. The treatment with HAEt significantly increased the glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) in the drug-treated group, which is comparable to the control group. HAEt and glibenclamide-treated rats also showed decreased lipid peroxidation that is associated with increased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. The ability of HAEt on tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in diabetic animals has not been studied before. The result of this study thus shows that HAEt possesses significant antidiabetic activity along with potent antioxidant potential in diabetic conditions.     

Shengmai San reduces hepatic lipids and lipid peroxidation in rats fed on a high-cholesterol diet

Shengmai San (SMS), which is comprised of the medicinal herbs of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Schisandra chinensis Baill., and Ophiopogon japonicus Ker-Gawl (2:1:2)., is a traditional Chinese medicine being used for treating coronary heart disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SMS on the plasma and liver lipids, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems in liver and heart of cholesterol-fed rats. Rats were fed on a high-cholesterol (0.5%) diet (control group), high-cholesterol diet containing 2% SMS (2% SMS group) and 4% SMS (4% SMS group) for four weeks. The oxidative stress marker (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS) and antioxidant defense systems including glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in rat liver and heart were evaluated. Results showed that rats fed with SMS-containing diet had reduced the H(2)O(2)-induced erythrocytes susceptibility to hemolysis, and 4% SMS feeding rats had higher plasma GSH concentration compared to the animals fed with the control diet. However, SMS had no effect on plasma lipids (total cholesterol, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and TBARS concentration. On the other hand, rats fed with the 4% SMS diet reduced the hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride contents. Fecal bile acid excretion was significantly increased in rats fed with the SMS-containing diet. Higher hepatic GSH and lower TBARS concentrations were observed in rats fed with the 4% SMS diet compared with the rats fed with the control diet. No significant difference in activities of GSH-Px, GST and SOD was found in liver and heart after the SMS treatment. Results from this study indicate that the SMS may reduce hepatic lipids and lipid peroxidation in rats.     

复方丹参注射液对慢性肺心病患者血中脂质过氧化物及抗氧化物酶活性的影响

本课题研究了复方丹参液对３０例慢性肺心病患者血浆脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ｐｘ）和过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）活性的影响。结果：治疗前３０例患者的ＬＰＯ和ＳＯＤ明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１和Ｐ＜０．０５），ＧＳＨ－ｐｘ、ＣＡＴ明显低于健康对照组；治疗后丹参组４项指标均恢复到正常，而常规治疗组未能恢复正常；丹参组ＧＳＨ－ｐｘ和ＣＡＴ的增加及ＬＰＯ的降低明显大于常规组。说明丹参能明显降低慢性肺心病患者增强的脂质过氧化反应，纠正失衡的抗氧化物酶。     

Emblica officinalis causes myocardial adaptation and protects against oxidative stress in ischemic-reperfusion injury in rats

The fruits of Emblica officinalis (Amla) are widely used in the Indian System of Medicine and are believed to increase defense against disease. In the present study, the effects of chronic oral administration of fresh fruit homogenate of Amla on: (i). myocardial antioxidant system and (ii). oxidative stress induced by ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rat heart were investigated. Fresh amla fruit homogenate, in three different doses (250, 500 and 750 mg/kg) and normal saline (C) were administered orally to Wistar albino rats (120-150 gms) of either sex daily for 30 days. There was reduction in basal myocardial lipid peroxidation, as evidenced by decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level, and augmentation of myocardial endogenous antioxidants, like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the treated rats. Hearts were also subjected to in vitro IRI (9 min of global ischemia, followed by 12 min of reperfusion, Langendorff's mode). Significant myocyte injury and rise in myocardial TBARS along with depletion of SOD, catalase, GSH (reduced glutathione) and GPx occurred in the control group. No significant increase in myocardial TBARS and depletion of antioxidant enzymes were observed in the treated groups. Myocyte injury was evident only in 250 mg/kg group. The results indicate that chronic Emblica officinalis administration causes myocardial adaptation by augmenting endogenous antioxidants and protects rat hearts from oxidative stress associated with ischemic-reperfusion injury.     

Antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities of Desmodium gangeticum fractions in carrageenan-induced inflamed rats

Flavonoid and alkaloid fractions of Desmodium gangeticum were evaluated for antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities in carrageenan-induced inflamed rats with the aim of studying the promising fraction for inhibitory action on ferrous sulphate induced lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total reduced glutathione in liver and spleen homogenates of inflamed rats. The results showed that the flavonoid fraction of D. gangeticum possesses potent antioxidant activity compared with the alkaloid fraction and also with respect to the standard drug indomethacin, in terms of augmentation of the liver and spleen SOD, CAT and GPX activities, concomitant with a reduction in lipid peroxidation (TBARS). In addition, the quantification of caffeic and chlorogenic acid in the flavonoid fraction has also been carried out using HPLC, which can be utilized as a marker compound in the standardization.     

Effects of wild ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) leaves on lipid peroxidation levels and antioxidant enzyme activities in streptozotocin diabetic rats

The aim of this study was to examine the possible antioxidant activities of wild Panax ginseng leaf extract intake in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (WGLE). Initial blood glucose levels increased abruptly after streptozotocin injection. After 4 weeks of WGLE supplementation, blood glucose levels were lower in animals fed 40 mg/kg (266 mg/dL) and 200 mg/kg (239 mg/dL) than those in no-WGLE fed diabetic rats (464 mg/dL). The concentration of blood TBARS, which are considered the main products of glucose oxidation in blood, was also lowered by WGLE supplementation. These results indicate that WGLE supplementation is involved in suppressing a sudden increase in blood glucose levels and a consequent decrease in TBARS levels in diabetic rats. TBARS levels in the liver, kidney and spleen of WGLE-fed diabetic groups were also significantly lower than in the control diabetic group indicating that oral administration of WGLE effectively suppresses lipid peroxidation that occurs in the organs of diabetic rats. Antioxidant activities of WGLE supplementation further extend in suppressing activities of antioxidant related enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in organs of diabetic rats. These results confirm the effectiveness of WGLE supplementation in detoxifying free radicals that are produced excessively in diabetic-induced complications.     

Anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract of Kalopanax pictus bark and its fractions

Dried pulverized bark of Terminalia arjuna Linn (TA) was administered orally to Wistar albino rats (120-150 g) in two doses [500 and 750 mg/kg in 2% carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC)], 6 days per week for 12 weeks. Thereafter, rats were sacrificed either for determination of baseline changes in cardiac endogenous antioxidant compounds [superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT)] or the hearts were subjected to oxidative stress associated with in vitro ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI). There was significant increase in the baseline contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) (a measure of lipid peroxidation) with both doses of TA. However, only in the 500 mg/kg treated group, this was accompanied by a simultaneous increase in SOD, GSH and CAT levels, but not in the 750 mg/kg treated group, where only CAT was raised. Significant rise in myocardial TBARS and loss of SOD, CAT and GSH (suggestive of increased oxidative stress) occurred in the vehicle-treated hearts subjected to in vitro IRI. Only hearts, harvested from the 500 mg/kg rats treated rats, were significantly protected from oxidative stress, when subjected to in vitro IRI. The results suggest that crude bark of TA augments endogenous antioxidant compounds of rat heart and also prevents oxidative stress associated with IRI of the heart.     

六味地黄方对高脂血症大鼠血管内皮细胞的保护作用

目的:研究六味地黄方对高脂血症大鼠血管内皮细胞的保护作用。方法:高脂饮食建立高脂血症大鼠模型,观察大鼠血脂、血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)及外周血循环内皮细胞(CEC)的变化。结果:高脂模型组血清TC、TG、LDLC、MDA、CEC均明显升高,HDLC、SOD、NO、NOS显著下降;六味地黄方可降低模型大鼠血清TC、TG、LDLC、MDA、CEC,升高HDLC、SOD、NO、NOS。结论:六味地黄方具有调节脂质代谢、抗脂质过氧化反应、升高NO水平,保护血管内皮细胞的作用。     

虎丹颗粒对高脂血症小鼠血脂质代谢及氧自由基的影响

目的探讨虎丹颗粒对高脂血症小鼠血脂质代谢及氧自由基的影响.方法78只小鼠随机分为正常对照组、高脂血症组、虎丹颗粒高、中、低剂量组和辛伐他汀对照组.除正常对照组外,其他组小鼠灌服脂肪乳剂建立高脂血症模型,虎丹颗粒按12、6、3 g/kg剂量给小鼠连续灌胃4周后,测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度胆蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及脂质过氧化物(LPO).结果与高脂血症组相比,虎丹颗粒能明显降低TC、TG和LDL-C的浓度(P＜0.05),能明显升高血SOD和GSH-Px活性(P＜0.05),降低血清LPO的浓度(P＜0.05).与辛伐他汀组相比,虎丹颗粒在降脂方面稍差(P＜0.05),但在清除氧自由基活性方面要优于辛伐他汀(P＜0.05).结论虎丹颗粒具有能调节小鼠高脂血症脂质代谢和增强抗脂质过氧化的作用.     

Protective effects of curcumin and photo-irradiated curcumin on circulatory lipids and lipid peroxidation products in alcohol and polyunsaturated fatty acid-induced toxicity

Alcohol is a neurotoxin associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Ethanol is found to induce a dose dependent increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO). The elevation in lipid peroxidative products and the loss of antioxidant defense potential are enhanced when alcohol is taken along with polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) or heated PUFA. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of curcumin and photo-irradiated curcumin on alcohol and PUFA induced LPO and lipid pro fi les in plasma. The levels of vitamin C and E were decreased significantly in alcohol + raw as well as heated PUFA groups. The treatment with curcumin and photo-irradiated curcumin (IC) increased their levels significantly. The increase was more significant in the IC group than the curcumin group. The levels of cholesterol, phospholipids (PL), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydroperoxides (HP) were increased significantly in alcohol + raw as well as heated PUFA groups and the treatment with curcumin and IC, brought back the levels. But the IC reduced the levels more significantly than curcumin. Thus, our results indicate that IC is a more potent antioxidant than curcumin.     

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) consumption improves glutathione and HDL-cholesterol levels in experimental diabetes

The aim of this investigation was to assess the influence of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) consumption on oxidant-antioxidant status and lipid profile in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. 32 rats were divided into 4 groups as control, control+peanut, diabetic, diabetic+peanut. Control and diabetic groups were fed on standard rat chow whereas control+peanut and diabetic+peanut were fed on standard rat chow supplemented with 0.63 g % peanut for 12 weeks. Serum glucose levels, lipids, Glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and atherogenic index (AI) levels were determined at the end of the experiment. In the diabetic group TG (Triglyceride), TC (Total cholesterol), LDL-C (LDL-cholesterol) levels and atherogenic indexes increased significantly whereas HDL-C (HDL-cholesterol) level decreased significantly compared to the control group. The supplementation with peanut in the diabetic group led to significantly higher HDL-C levels and lower AI levels compared to diabetic group. Peanut consumption increased GSH levels significantly both in control and diabetic groups. In conclusion, this study shows that peanut consumption may improve oxidant-antioxidant status in healthy and diabetic status without increasing blood lipids. Moreover, increased HDL-C levels and decreased AI levels in diabetic rats indicate that, peanut consumption may have protective effects against cardiovascular complications of diabetes.     

Elevation protective role of Camellia sinensis and Urtica dioica infusion against trichloroacetic acid-exposed in rats

This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of two traditionally used Turkish medicinal plants, Camellia sinensis (CS) and Urtica dioica L. (UD), beverages used against chemical carcinogen trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-exposure in rats. The preventive potential of the plant infusions was evaluated by measuring the level of serum marker enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); antioxidant defense systems, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT); and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) content in various organs of rats. Twenty four healthy rats were randomly allotted into four experimental groups: A (untreated control), B (only TCA-treated), C (TCA+CS treated) and D (TCA+UD treated). At the end of the 50 days, the plant infusions possessed chemoprotective effects, deduced by the remaining TCA-induced increased serum damage marker enzyme, lipid peroxidation and antioxidative system in rats compared with those of the control and TCA-exposed rats. According to the results, while the levels of AST, ALT and CPK increased in group B, no significant changes were observed in groups C and D. The MDA content slightly increased in tissues of all groups, being higher in group B. Antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD and CAT increased significantly in the brain, liver and kidney of group B while they did not change significantly except for in the kidney in groups C and D. The GSH level and the ancillary enzyme GR activity did not change significantly in organs of all groups. On the other hand, the drug metabolizing enzyme, GST, activity decreased significantly in the brain, liver and kidney of group D while slight changes were observed for the other groups. The results revealed that TCA exposure induced oxidative stress in rat tissues, however, in plant beverage supplemented groups, a significant protective effect of CS and UD against TCA-induced oxidative injury was recorded. Hence, the study revealed that the constituents present in CS and UD impart protection against carcinogenic chemical induced oxidative injury that may result in the development of cancer. Also the observations, along with changes, suggest that both CS and UD may possess preventive potential during a 50-day protective exposure.     

黑莓籽降血脂有效部位研究

目的: 研究黑莓籽石油醚部位、正丁醇部位及黑莓籽油对高脂血症小鼠的脂质代谢和脂质过氧化的影响. 方法: 120只小鼠随机分为12组:正常组,模型组,阳性对照组和石油醚部位高剂量组(800 mg·kg^-1),中剂量组(400 mg·kg^-1)和低剂量组(200 mg·kg^-1),正丁醇部位高剂量组(600 mg·kg^-1),中剂量组(300 mg·kg^-1)和低剂量组(150 mg·kg^-1),黑莓籽油高剂量组(1 000 mg·kg^-1),中剂量组(500 mg·kg^-1)和低剂量组(250 mg·kg^-1),采用灌胃高脂乳剂诱导高脂血症小鼠模型, 测定血清中甘油三脂(TG),总胆固醇(TC),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),丙二醛(MDA)的含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及肝、肾、脾系数. 结果: 石油醚部位低剂量组能显著性的降低血清中TG,TC,LDL-C和MDA的含量及肝、脾系数,升高HDL-C的含量及SOD的活性(P<0.05);正丁醇部位中、低剂量组均能显著性的降低血清中TG,TC,LDL-C,MDA的含量及肝、脾系数,升高SOD的活性(P<0.05);黑莓籽油中剂量组均能显著性的降低血清中TG,TC,MDA的含量及肝、脾系数,升高HDL-C的含量及SOD的活性(P<0.05);油高剂量组均能显著性的降低血清中TG,TC,MDA的含量及肝、脾系数,升高SOD的活性(P<0.05);正丁醇部位高剂量组能显著性的降低血清中TG,MDA的含量及肝、脾系数,升高HDL-C的含量及SOD的活性(P<0.05);油低剂量组能显著性的降低血清中TG,TC,LDL-C的含量及肝、脾系数,升高HDL-C的含量(P<0.05);石油醚部位高剂量组(TG,TC)和中剂量组(TC,HDL-C)及肝脾系数)能显著性改变,其他各指标虽不具有显著性,但与模型组相比,具有一定的效果. 结论: 黑莓籽石油醚部位、正丁醇部位及黑莓籽油具有一定程度的调节脂质代谢和抗脂质过氧化,改善脂质在小鼠肝脏和脾中的蓄积,减少氧化应激,推测其可能是黑莓籽有效部位降血脂的作用机制之一.     

蒙古扁桃药材不同提取物对高脂血症大鼠血脂、脂质过氧化和肝功能的影响

目的:探究蒙古扁桃药材不同提取物对高脂血症大鼠血脂、脂质过氧化和肝功能的影响。方法:依次以乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水提取蒙古扁桃种仁,得各部提取物。Wistar雄性大鼠60只按体重均衡随机分组,分别为正常组(10只)和模型组(50只),正常组给予普通饲料饲养,模型组采用高脂饲料喂养法建立高脂模型。建模成功后,持续按前述方法饲养,同时模型组分组为模型组、阳性药组(血脂康,0.061 7 g·kg-1)、给药组(乙酸乙酯组、正丁醇组和水提物组,2.0 g·kg-1),每组10只,其中正常组与模型组ig给予生理盐水,实验组分别以蒙古扁桃乙酸乙酯提取物、正丁醇提取物和水提取物ig给药。给药7周后测定大鼠血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC),甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C),丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT),天门冬氨酸氨基转氨酶(aspartate transaminase,AST),丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA),超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD),过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD),过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT),谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px),并计算动脉粥样硬化指数(AI),低密度脂蛋白与高密度脂蛋白的比值(LDLC/HDL-C)。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠TC,LDL-C,AST,AI,LDL-C/HDL-C,MDA水平明显升高(P0.01);与高脂模型组比较,正丁醇组能显著降低TC,LDL-C,AST,AI,LDL-C/HDL-C,MDA水平(P0.05),显著升高SOD,POD,GSH-Px水平(P0.05);水提物组能显著升高POD(P0.05)。结论:蒙古扁桃药材的正丁醇提取物能显著降低高脂血症大鼠的血脂水平和抵抗脂质过氧化,并且能降低发生心血管疾病的危险性和对肝脏起到一定的保护作用。改善过氧化脂质在大鼠肝脏内的蓄积,减少氧化应激,这可能是正丁醇提取物降血脂的有效机制之一。     

黄芪对高脂血症小鼠血脂及脂质过氧化的影响

目的探讨黄芪对高脂血症小鼠血脂及脂质过氧化的影响。方法40只小鼠随机分为5组:正常对照组、高脂血症组和不同剂量黄芪组,除正常组外,其他组的小鼠灌服脂肪乳剂建立小鼠高脂血症模型,黄芪按18,9,4.5 g/kg剂量给小鼠连续灌胃4周后,测定血清总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及脂质过氧化物(LPO)。结果黄芪能明显降低TC、TG和LDL-c的浓度(P<0.05),能明显升高血SOD和GSH-Px活性(P<0.05),降低血清LPO的浓度(P<0.05)。结论黄芪能调节小鼠高脂血症脂代谢和增强抗脂质过氧化的作用。     

Garlic enhances circulatory antioxidants during 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis

The protective effect of garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) on circulatory lipid peroxidation and antioxidants was investigated during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis in male Syrian hamsters. Enhanced lipid peroxidation in the circulation of tumour-bearing animals was accompanied by a significant decrease in the levels of ascorbic acid, vitamin E, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. Administration of garlic extract significantly decreased lipid peroxidation with simultaneous depletion of antioxidants. We speculate that garlic exerts its protective effects by decreasing circulatory lipid peroxides and enhancing antioxidants.     

当归补血汤对大鼠肝纤维化与肝脏脂质过氧化的影响

目的观察当归补血汤对大鼠肝纤维化的作用及其影响肝脏脂质过氧化的抗肝纤维化作用机制。方法Wistar雄性大鼠采用四氯化碳（CCl4）皮下注射及高脂低蛋白饮食复合因素诱导复制大鼠肝纤维化模型。模型大鼠随机分为模型组(14只),当归补血汤组(14只);另设正常组(10只)。自造模之日起,当归补血汤组以6 g/kg的大鼠体重剂量灌胃,每日1次,共6周。正常组与模型组灌胃以等量生理盐水。HE染色观察肝组织炎症与脂肪变性,天狼猩红染色观察肝组织胶原沉积。试剂盒法测定血清肝功能指标,包括丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)与天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平、总胆红素(TBil)与白蛋白(Alb)含量。生化法测定肝组织甘油三脂(TG)与丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,Jamall氏法测定肝组织羟脯氨酸(hydroxyproline,Hyp)含量,Western印迹法分析肝组织Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达。结果与正常大鼠比较,模型大鼠血清ALT、AST水平及TBil含量明显升高,Alb含量明显降低;肝组织脂肪变性与胶原沉积明显,TG与MDA含量增加,SOD活性降低（均P<005）。当归补血汤组大鼠肝组织脂肪变性与胶原病理沉积显著改善;血清ALT、AST水平及TBil含量降低,血清Alb含量升高;肝组织Hyp、TG与MDA含量降低,SOD活性提高（均P<005）。结论当归补血汤具有良好的抗实验性大鼠肝纤维化作用,其主要作用机制与抗肝脏脂质过氧化损伤有关。     

调脂通脉汤抗动脉粥样硬化作用研究

目的:观察调脂通脉汤对动脉粥样硬化(AS)大鼠血脂的影响及对血清一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素(ET)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平的调节作用。方法:采用腹腔注射维生素D3加高脂喂饲的方法复制AS大鼠模型,灌胃给予辛伐他汀组及高、低剂量的调脂通脉汤,连续4周。实验结束时取血检测血脂及血清NO、ET、SOD、MDA变化。结果:模型组血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)明显高于空白对照组,而高密度脂蛋白(HDL)明显低于空白对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);辛伐他汀组及调脂通脉汤低剂量组(0.74g/kg/d)和高剂量组(1.48g/kg/d)血清TC、TG、LDL均低于模型组,而HDL明显低于空白对照组。与空白对照组比较,模型组血清NO、SOD水平降低,ET、MDA水平升高;辛伐他汀组及调脂通脉汤高、低剂量组血清NO、SOD水平均高于模型组,而ET、MDA水平低于模型组。结论:调脂通脉汤能降低AS大鼠血脂水平,并通过调节AS大鼠NO与ET平衡,以及抗氧化作用而产生抗AS作用。     

Gastroprotective and antioxidant effects of usnic acid on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats

Usnea longissima, a medicinal lichen of Anatolia (Turkey), is used in the treatment of gastric ulcer in local folk medicine. In this paper, the gastroprotective effect of usnic acid (UA) isolated from Usnea longissima was investigated in the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats at doses of 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. The gastric lesions were significantly reduced by all doses of UA as compared with the indomethacin (25 mg/kg body weight) treated group. In the stomach tissues of treated animals, the in vivo antioxidant levels were evaluated. The administration of indomethacin caused a significant decrease in the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reduced glutathione (GSH), and an increase in the lipid peroxidation (LPO) level (p < 0.05). The administration of all doses of UA reversed the trend, inducing a significant increase of SOD, GSH and GPx levels and a reduction in LPO level in tissues. However, catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and myeloperoxidase (MPx) activities, increased by indomethacin, were found to be lower in the UA- and ranitidine-treated groups. The gastric mucosal constitutive NO synthase (cNOS) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) activities were also investigated in tissues of UA- (100 mg/kg), ranitidine- (50 mg/kg) and indomethacin-treated rat groups. The administration of UA and ranitidine increased the cNOS activity and lowered the iNOS activity as compared with indomethacin-treated group. These results suggest that the gastroprotective effect of UA can be attributed to its reducing effect on the oxidative damage and neutrophil infiltration in tissues.