Enteropathy-Associated T Cell Lymphoma Presenting with Acute Abdominal Syndrome: a Case Report and Review of Literature

Introduction

Enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma (EATL) is a rare peripheral non-Hodgkin's T cell lymphoma originating from intraepithelial T lymphocytes of the intestines. In general, this condition has a poor prognosis. A common initial presentation of this cancer which is a small intestinal perforation necessitating emergency surgery is of interest to practicing surgeons. The diagnosis is rarely made prior to pathological examination.

Methods

We report a case of a 39-year-old African American man who presented with acute abdomen and was found to have a deep necrotic ulcer of the jejunum during exploratory laparotomy.

Results

Pathological examination and laboratory results demonstrated EATL, type 2, which is not associated with celiac disease. A review of the literature on EATL is also presented.     

Posterior Tibial Nerve Lymphoma Presenting as Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome: A Case Report

We report a case of isolated posterior tibial B-cell lymphoma of the posterior tibial nerve presenting as tarsal tunnel syndrome. This diagnosis was considered because of the clinical presentation and electrophysiologic abnormalities. It was further confirmed by the magnetic resonance imaging findings of the ankle and tissue pathologic findings. Whole body positron emission tomography confirmed this to be a localized lymphoma involving the peripheral nerve. The patient underwent chemotherapy with complete tumor resolution. She had had no relapse after 8 months of follow-up. Isolated peripheral nerve lymphomas are very rare, and involvement of the posterior tibial nerve has not been previously reported. Furthermore, the present case report highlights the importance of the clinical examination in the diagnosis of tarsal tunnel syndrome before performing surgical decompression.     

Laparoscopic Appendectomy for Appendiceal Endometriosis Presenting as Acute Appendicitis: Report of a Case

Endometriosis is a relatively common disorder in women of reproductive age; however, appendiceal endometriosis is rare. Thus, a definitive diagnosis is likely to be established only by histology of the appendix. We report a case of endometriosis of the appendix in a 42-year-old woman who presented with symptoms of acute appendicitis. We treated the patient by performing laparoscopic appendectomy, which resulted in a good outcome.     

T-cell Lymphocytic Lymphoma Involving the Prostate Presenting as Elevated PSA in Paraplegia: Case Report

abstract

The vast majority of cancers that involve the prostate are adenocarcinomas of the duct-acinar secretory epithelium. Other cancers, primarily leukemia and lymphoma, can involve the prostate and lead to an abnormal digital examination or elevated serum prostate specific antigen (PSA). The case discussed is that of a 62 year-old male with T12 complete paraplegia who presented with a persistently elevated PSA and was subsequently diagnosed with T-cell lymphoma involving the prostate. Although rare, leukemia and lymphoma involving the prostate should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients being evaluated for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. (J Spinal Cord Med, 19:258–260)     

Torsion of a Wandering Spleen Presenting with Acute Abdomen: a Case Report

Wandering spleen is a rare condition characterized by increased splenic mobility due to the absence or laxity of its suspensory ligaments that may present as acute abdomen when it is twisted on its pedicle. Herein we report a case of torsion of a wandering spleen in a 17-year-old male patient with communicating hidrocephalus and ventricu-loperitoneal shunt. The patient presented with suspicious clinical findings of acute abdomen, a laparotomy was performed and the infarcted spleen was removed. Although wandering spleen is a rare clinical entity, the possibility of torsion should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen.     

Intrameatal Tumours Presenting as a Hearing Disturbance: Case Reports of Meningioma and Lymphoma

Summary  This paper presents two patients with chronic progressive hearing disturbance. Each patient had an intrameatal tumour, part of which extended to the cerebellopontine (CP) angle. In both cases, the patients were initially diagnosed with an acoustic neurinoma. A 63-year-old male experienced a hearing disturbance in the left ear for 1.5 years prior to visiting our hospital. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a mass which was surgically resected. The tumour originated from the intrameatal dura mater. Histologically, the tumour was a meningioma. Similarly, a 53-year-old male presented with systemic lymphoma diagnosed 10 months earlier, and a hearing disturbance in the right ear that began 3 months prior to visiting our hospital. MR imaging prior to chemotherapy revealed a mass which extended to the CP angle. Part of the tumour in the CP angle disappeared after chemotherapy, suggesting a secondary lymphoma. Another tumour appeared later in Meckel's cave on the left side; however, it decreased in size following repeated chemotherapy. The present results indicate that differential diagnosis of intrameatal tumours and acoustic neurinomas may be difficult due to the small tumour size. Recent progress in neuroradiology may allow distinction of intrameatal tumours as a separate tumour classification. Our second patient is the sixth reported case of a CP angle lymphoma in the literature.     

Pancreatic Ectopia: a Case Report

Pancreas ectopia/Ectopic pancreas (EP) is a rare congenital disease, most typically diagnosed in asymptomatic patients by incidental detection during surgery or at autopsy. It is defined by the presence of pancreatic tissue localized in various places drifting from the foregut or mesentery.

It is subject to the same various inflammatory or neoplastic disorders that may affect the orthotopic pancreas, e.g. pancreatitis or pancreatic tumours. Upper GI endosonography is a key examination (tool) in detecting and defining gastroduodenal ectopic pancreas. However its diagnosis remains difficult. The final diagnosis relies on histopathologic analysis of the resected tumor required to confirm the diagnosis.

Its treatment is based on patients’ condition and symptoms as well as the kind of surgery depending on the location of the ectopic pancreatic tissue.     

胰腺淋巴瘤误诊为胰腺癌（附5例报道）

目的 探讨胰腺淋巴瘤和胰腺癌的鉴别诊断及治疗.方法 回顾性分析我院2000年1月至2008年4月期间经病理确诊的5例胰腺淋巴瘤患者的临床资料.结果 本组5例患者临床症状以腹痛、发热、黄疸为主,除1例外血浆CA19-9均正常,临床表现无法区分胰腺淋巴瘤和胰腺癌,CT等影像学有助于鉴别诊断.胰腺淋巴瘤CT增强扫描后均见强化表现,胰管不粗,和周围大血管关系紧密,邻近血管结构被推移,但无浸润、包绕现象.治疗以化疗为主,除1例失访外,其余4例分别存活24、14、14、13个月.结论 胰腺淋巴瘤是一种罕见的疾病,临床症状缺乏特异性,极易与胰腺癌混淆,治疗和预后却与胰腺癌不尽相同,临床上应该尽量通过CT或超声下穿刺明确诊断,以避免不必要的手术.     

Disseminated Lymphoma Presenting as Acute Thigh Pain and Renal Failure

A 66-year-old diabetic man presented with severe right thigh swelling and pain together with acute renal failure. At autopsy, this was found to be due to disseminated high grade B cell lymphoma invading the psoas muscle and multiple organs, including the kidneys. The unique presentation of this case emphasizes the need for increased awareness of the variety of ways in which lymphoma can manifest itself.     

Pancreatic Angiomatosis: Report of a Case

Recent advances in imaging techniques such as dynamic intravenous contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have enabled us to detect pancreatic cysts, some of which are potentially malignant. As the histopathological diagnosis cannot be confirmed preoperatively, enlarged pancreatic cysts are usually removed surgically. We report a rare case of pancreatic angiomatosis in a 21-year-old woman who presented with vague abdominal pain, a feeling of fullness, and nausea. Abdominal ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced CT, and MRI showed a huge mass in the right upper abdomen. We performed pylorus-preserving pancreato-duodenectomy, and the histopathological examination of the excised specimen revealed that the tumor was angiomatosis, probably originating from parapancreatic fibro-adipose tissue. She is doing well and has no evidence of recurrence 8 years after the operation. A complete surgical excision should be performed as curative treatment for pancreatic angiomatosis, which is an extremely rare disease when not associated with Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome.     

Acoustic Schwannoma Presenting as Acute Posterior Fossa Hematoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Acoustic schwannomas usually present with gradually progressive unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. As the tumor enlarges, symptoms and signs develop when the adjacent cranial nerves, cerebelhim, and/or brainstem become compressed. Rarely, acoustic tumors present with acute subarachnoid or intratumoral hemorrhage. Of the 12 cases of acoustic schwannoma with tumoral hemorrhage presented in the literature of which we are aware, this is the third such case of a patient presenting with spontaneous pure intratumoral hemorrhage and the first such case presenting with sudden multiple cranial nerve palsies, The purpose of this report is to increase the awareness of this rare form of presentation of acoustic schwannoma in the hope of achieving better preservation of cranial nerves.     

Diffuse Astrocytoma Initially Presenting as a Massive Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Case Report

We report the case of a 58-year-old woman with low-grade astrocytoma, who developed massive intracranial hemorrhage as the first presentation of this disease, and become comatose and subsequently underwent an emergency craniotomy. A small amount of tumor-like tissue was observed on the wall of the hematoma cavity. Histological analysis of the resected specimen indicated diffuse astrocytoma [World Health Organization (WHO) grade II]. The patient was discharged without neurological deficits 2 weeks after the operation. A non-enhanced tumor-like nodule was observed on magnetic resonance imaging 3 months after the operation, which was monitored carefully but was not treated by adjuvant therapy. The tumor grew gradually, and a second operation was performed 3 years after the first, in which the tumor was completely resected. Histological analysis of the resected specimen again indicated diffuse astrocytoma (WHO grade II). Although rare, brain tumors, including low-grade astrocytoma, should be considered a possible cause of subcortical hemorrhage in patients without risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage.     

Dermal Filler Presenting as Parotid Mass: A Case Report

Dermal filler injections are common cosmetic procedures and are growing in popularity. While frequently performed, dermal filler injections carry a risk of adverse events including vascular compromise and foreign body granulomas. Here, we discuss an unusual case of a patient with a history of dermal filler injections presenting with a parotid mass and an eyebrow mass requiring surgical resection. This case demonstrates the risk of delayed granuloma formation many years after dermal filler injection and highlights the importance of awareness and management of these potential long-term complications.     

Calcaneus Secundarius Presenting as Calcaneonavicular Coalition: A Case Report

Calcaneus secundarius is an accessory ossicle of the anterior calcaneal facet identified in up to 5% of the population. Calcaneus secundarius rarely leads to symptoms, but its presence may generate pain around the ankle. The purpose of this case report is to describe this atypical accessory ossicle, which can mimic a calcaneonavicular coalition, and to explain the clinical approach to reach a diagnosis and determine treatment. The authors report the case of a 13-year-old girl who sustained several lateral sprains of the right ankle and had local chronic pain. Clinical findings were consistent with calcaneonavicular coalition but radiographic examinations revealed a calcaneus secundarius. The location of this ossicle may limit the range of motion of the subtalar joint, mimicking a calcaneonavicular coalition. Surgical excision of this bulky accessory ossicle was performed, and this treatment fully resolved the pain and improved subtalar motion.     

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presenting as Peri-Implantitis: A Case Report

Dental implants have proved to be a useful adjunct in the rehabilitation of oral cancer patients. We describe the case of a 62-year-old woman who presented with a white patch in the oral cavity, diagnosed to be a squamous cell carcinoma. She underwent extensive surgery including microvascular reconstruction, followed by implant rehabilitation. Unfortunately, she suffered from multiple episodes of peri-implantitis and later on went on to develop oral squamous cell carcinoma around two of the dental implants. Here, we highlight the importance of regular follow-up and maintaining a high index of suspicion in high-risk patients.     

Malakoplakia Presenting as a Lung Mass in a Lung Transplant Recipient: Case Report

Lung nodules or masses due to a variety of malignant or benign conditions such as opportunistic infections are observed after lung transplant. Malakoplakia is a rare complication in immunocompromised patients. Here we describe the clinical course and management of a lung transplant recipient with pulmonary malakoplakia and provide a review of the literature. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a case of pulmonary malakoplakia due to Escherichia coli infection in a lung allograft.     

Pancreatic Enzyme Supplementation in Acute Pancreatitis

This study evaluates the effect of oral pancreatic enzyme supplements on pain, analgesic requirement and the incidence of complications in patients with acute pancreatitis. This double blind, prospectively randomised placebo controlled study included 23 patients. Pain was monitored using a visual analogue scale; the analgesic requirement was assessed with a numerical score.No significant differences were noted between the median (range) pain scores of patients who received placebo: 22 (17.1–58) and those who received enzymes: 23 (11.3–63). Hospital stay was 7 (5–10) days in patients on placebo and 8 (6–24) days in the enzyme group (p = 0.069). Analgesic requirements were: placebo 20 (6–60) and enzymes: 16 (0–63) (p = 0.56). This study has shown no beneficial effect of oral pancreatic enzyme supplements in the initial management of patients with acute pancreatitis.     

Adenocarcinoid of the Appendix Presenting as a Disseminated Ovarian Carcinoma: Report of a Case

Astract: The occurrence of disseminated tumors of the appendix is a rare event. Usually appendix tumors are very small, located on the inside of the appendix, and can be pathologically diagnosed. Adenocarcinoid is an uncommon variant of carcinoid tumors that usually arises in the appendix. This report describes a case of a primary adenocarcinoid of the appendix in a patient who was preoperatively diagnosed to have uterus myomatosus but was intraoperatively found to instead have disseminated ovarian carcinoma. This case demonstrates that the clinical picture can be misleading, and that surgeons therefore always have to wait for the final pathological report before making a final diagnosis. (Received for publication on July 31, 1998; accepted on July 13, 1999)     

Acute Tubulo-Interstitiel Nephritis Associated with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Presenting as Acute Renal Failure

Renal infiltration in malignant lymphomas may involve the interstitium but rarely causes acute renal failure. In this report, we describe a 59-year-old woman presenting with an acute renal failure due to bilateral diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's infiltration of the kidneys.     

Muir-Torre Syndrome Presenting with Ileus: a Case Report

The Muir-Torre syndrome is characterized by cutaneous neoplasms and visceral malignancies. At least one sebaceous adenoma, epithelioma or carcinoma and at least one internal malignancy are required to make a reliable diagnosis. According to medical literature only two cases of Muir-Torre syndrome with jejunal carcinoma have been reported to date and there is no reported case with intestinal obstruction. Here, we report an unusual case of jejunal carcinoma presenting with ileus.